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Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan Kakao di Kabupaten Simeulue T. Nofelman; Abubakar Karim; Ashabul Anhar
Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Juni 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Konservasi Sumberdaya Lahan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; (1) mengetahui kelas kesesuaian lahan tanaman kakao rakyat di Kabupaten Simeuleu, (2) menentukan satu atau lebih faktor penentu tinggi rendahnya produksi kakao rakyat di Kabupaten Simeulue, (3) untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sesama sifat-sifat lahan antara sifat-sifat lahan dan produksi serta kualitas biji kakao di Kabupaten Simeulue. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Simeulue yang dimulai dari bulan Mei 2011 sampai dengan Agustus 2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode klasifikasi kesesuaian yang di kembangkan oleh FAO, dengan menggunakan kriteria yang disusun oleh Pusat Penelitian Kakao dan Kopi Indonesia. Evaluasi kesesuaian lahan dimulai dengan menentukan tapak pengamatan, yang ditetapkan pada kebun kakao rakyat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual di Kabupaten Simeulue terdiri dari kelas S3 (sesuai marginal) dengan faktor pembatas utama adalah curah hujan yang tinggi. Ketinggian tempat berkorelasi nyata negatif dengan kedalaman efektif, fraksi liat, pH H2O, C-organik, N-total, Na-dd, Ca-dd, Al-dd, H-dd, KTK dan kejenuhan basa. Kelerengan berkorelasi nyata  negatif dengan kedalaman efektif, fraksi debu, fraksi liat, pH H2O, C-organik, N-total, P-av, Na-dd, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, KTK dan kejenuhan basa. Kedalaman efektif berkolerasi nyata negatif dengan fraksi debu, pH H2O, C-organik, N-total, P-av, K-dd, Na-dd, H-dd, KTK dan kejuhan basa. Selain ketinggian tempat dan lereng, karakteristik lahan yang mempengaruhi produksi dan mutu buah kakao adalah kedalaman efektif, C-organik, N-total, H-dd, kapasitas tukar kation,fraksi pasir, K-dd, Ca-dd.Analysis of Cacao Land Suitability in Simeulue DistrictAbstract. This research aims to; (1) figure out the class level of the cocoa land suitability of the people in Simeulue regency, (2) specifies one or more factors determining the level of cocoa productivity of the people in Simeulue regency, (3) and clarify the relationship of the land characteristics, land productivity and cocoa bean quality in Simeulue regency. The study was conducted in Simeulue regency from May to August 2011. The suitability classification method developed by FAO combined to the criteria drafted out by Coffee and Cocoa Research Center Indonesia was adapted in this research. The land suitability evaluation started by determining the tread observation which was set in the cocoa farm. The result suggests the actual class level of the land suitability for cacao in Simeulue regency consists of class S3 (marginally suitable) with the major barrier factor is the high rainfall. Location altitude shows a significant negative correlation to the soil effective depth, clay fraction, pH H2O, C-organic, N-total, Na-exchange, Ca-exchange, Al-exchange, H-exchange, CEC and base saturation. The slope of the site suggests a significant negative correlation to the soil effective depth, silt fraction, clay fraction, pH H2O, C-organic, N-total, P-avilable, Na-exchange, Ca-exchange, Mg-exchange, CEC and base saturation. The soil effective depth indicates a significant negative correlation to the silt fraction, pH H2O, C-organic, N-total, P-avilable, K-exchange, Na-exchange, H-exchange, CEC and base saturation. In addition to the altitude and slope of the location, characteristics of the land that affecting cocoa productivity and quality are the effective depth, C-organic, N-total, H-exchange, CEC, silt fraction, K-exchange and Ca-exchange.
Analisis Citarasa Kopi Arabika Organik pada Beberapa Ketinggian Tempat dan Cara Pengolahannya di Datararan Tinggi Gayo Eka Wahyuni; Abubakar Karim; Ashabul Anhar
Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Volume 2, Nomor 3, Juni 2013
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Konservasi Sumberdaya Lahan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Analysis of Taste Quality of Organic Arabica Coffee in Several Altitudes and Processing Techniques in Gayo HighlandsAbstract. In general several varieties of Arabica are cultivated at the same altitude, which cause loss of their unique flavor of Arabica Gayo Highlands. This research was aimed to find out of superior varieties of Arabica coffee with a unique flavor score at a certain altitude and specific processing technique in the Gayo Highlands. There were five varieties of Arabica coffee observed. (Borbor, Bergendal, Ateng Super, Tim-Tim and Lini-S), in four altitudes: (1. 1.000 m; 2. 1.000 -1.200 m; 3. 1.200 1.400 m; and 4. 1.400 m above sea level). A survey method with descriptive analysis was used, based on altitude and land use maps on 20 observation sites. Ideal altitude of varieties were identified as nell as soil and barriers samples were analyzed. Arabica coffee varieties was determined by cluster analysis, correlations, followed by multiple regression. Evaluation scores of flavor varieties of Arabica coffee and altitude showed that Borbor variety was suitable at altitude 1.400 above sea level, Tim-Tim 1.200 m, and Ateng super at altitude 1.200 -1.400 m above sea level. Processing method of organic Arabica coffee which produced high flavor quality (taste) was a semi wash processing. Result of multiple regression analysis showed a very close relationship between land characteristics and score flavor criteria, R2 was 0.894. Determinants of the best and unique flavor is the altitude, climate and processing of organic Arabica coffee beansAbstrak. Beberapa varietas kopi Arabika umumnya dibudidayakan dan dikembangkan pada ketinggian tempat yang sama yang menyebabkan mulai hilangnya citarasa khas (unik) kopi Arabika dataran tinggi Gayo. Penelitian ini bertujuan menetapkan varietas unggul kopi Arabika organik yang mempunyai citarasa unik pada berbagai ketinggian tempat dan cara pengolahannya. Ada lima varietas kopi Arabika, yaitu: Borbor, Bergendal, Ateng Super, Tim-Tim dan Lini-S yang diamati pada masing-masing ketinggian tempat; (1. 1.000 m, 2. 1.000 -1.200 m, 3. 1.200 -1.400 m dan 4. 1.400 m di atas permukaan laut). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan peta ketinggian tempat, penggunaan lahan dan varietas kopi yang ditemui maka diperoleh 20 tapak pengamatan. Pada setiap tapak pengamatan dilakukan identifikasi varietas, pengambilan contoh gelondong buah kopi matang dan contoh tanah. Untuk menentukan ketinggian tempat yang ideal serta masing-masing varietas-varietas kopi Arabika dilakukan analisis gerombol, analisis korelasi antar karakteristik lahan yang dilanjutkan dengan regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil menunjukkan varietas Borbor sesuai pada ketinggian tempat 1.400 m, varietas Tim-Tim 1.200 m, dan Ateng Super pada semua ketinggian 1.200 -1.400 m diatas permukaan laut. Pengolahan biji kopi Arabika organik yang menghasilkan mutu kualitas citarasa yang terbaik dan khas (unik) adalah pengolahan basah cara basah. Hasil analisis regresi berganda antara karakteristik lahan dengan kriteria citarasa kopi Arabika pengolahan basah cara basah diperoleh hubungan yang sangat erat (R2) adalah 0,894. Penentu citarasa yang terbaik dan unik adalah Ketinggian tempat, iklim dan pengolahan biji kopi Arabika organik.
Status fungi mikoriza arbuskula pada berbagai sistem pengelolaan dan umur tanaman kelapa sawit Rossy A. Arman; Fikrinda Fikrinda; Muyassir Muyassir; Ashabul Anhar; N. F. Mardatin; Teti Arabia
Jurnal Floratek Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Oktober 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Different Farming Systems and Age of Oil PalmABSTRACT. A survey was conducted to determine the Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) spore population in rhizosphere soils and its root colonization of oil palm belonging to four age class (2-3months, 2 years, 7 years, and 10 years) at PTPN I Estate plantation and smallholder farmer plantation in Cot Girek Aceh Utara. The methods used were direct isolation. The result showed that there were 14 species of AMF belongs to genus Glomus identified according to spore morphology, eight species at PTPN I and six species at smallholder oil palm plantation. AMF spore density at PTPN I and smallholder oil palm was 17.35 and 17.80 spore per 50g soil, respectively. Oil palm at 7 years old resulted in better AMF population, i.e. 53,7 spore per 50 g Soil. AMF colonization at oil palm rhizospere in both farming systems were low, i.e. 5.4% (PTPN I) and 2.9% (smallholder). Farming system and age of oil palm influenced the AMF population and root colonization, Spore density did not positively correlate with root colonization at different farming systems and age of oil palm.