Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob
Universiti Utara Malaysia

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Teacher self-efficacy: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management among secondary school teachers Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob; Mohammad Ahmad Abdelaziz Al-Zu’bi; Kholoud Imhammad Meqbel Al-Mseidin; Mat Rahimi Yusof; Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee; Marni Ishak; Ismahany Abdul Rahman
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 15, No 3: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v15i3.32517

Abstract

Teacher self-efficacy plays an important role in improving teaching effectiveness and student learning outcomes; however, a validated measurement model tailored to the local educational context remains limited. Therefore, this quantitative study aims to develop a measurement model of teachers’ self-efficacy in Malaysia. The proposed model consists of three dimensions: student engagement (SE), instructional strategies (IS), and classroom management (CM). Data were collected from 144 teachers using a modified questionnaire based on the teacher sense of efficacy scale (TSES). the data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) through structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS. The findings confirmed that 12 suggested behaviors were acceptable within the model. The CFA results demonstrated satisfactory factor loadings (FL) and reliability for SE (FL=0.758–0.820, composite reliability (CR)=0.870, average variance extracted (AVE)=0.627, square root of AVE (√AVE)=0.792), IS (FL=0.696–0.875, CR=0.895, AVE=0.683, √AVE=0.826), and CM (FL=0.741–0.864, CR=0.819, AVE=0.619, √AVE=0.871). These findings indicate that the proposed measurement model demonstrates acceptable validity and reliability and provides a useful framework for evaluating teachers’ self-efficacy and supporting efforts to enhance teaching quality in the Malaysian educational context.
The development of augmented reality framework to enhance students’ motivation Farah Mohamad Zain; Marini Kasim; Faizahani Ab Rahman; Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i1.21294

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that augmented reality (AR) is an interactive teaching aids that can improve students’ learning motivation. Many studies have discussed AR technology but there are scarce studies on developing AR framework and guideline for teachers. Therefore, the objective of this research is to study the need to develop an AR framework to enhance motivation among students based on Gagne’s nine events of instruction and self-determination theory (SDT). This research employs the design and development research (DDR) method with a blend of quantitative and qualitative in which data was collected via a closed and open questionnaire. The respondents of this research are 35 teachers who are teaching technology course in Kedah, chosen through purposive sampling. The findings revealed the need to develop an AR framework by taking into consideration five main constructs, namely motivation, technology skills, instructional design, AR development tools and types of AR applications. Hence, AR developed using this framework has the potential to enhance student motivation and create effective AR learning experiences for students.
Online Al-Qur’an learning for adult asnaf-mualaf: analysis of issues for recommendation Aliff Nawi; Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob; Nor Yazi Khamis; Wan Hilmi Wan Abdullah; Mohd Adil Mustaffa; Fatin Athirah Zameran
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i1.21266

Abstract

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a hitch in Qur’an education, signalling a need to shift to online learning. When the Islamic learning centres ceased to operate due to the lockdown, adult asnaf-mualaf (reverts who are eligible to receive zakat or other forms of Islamic aids) were held back from physically attending Al-Qur’an lessons. The measure has disrupted their ongoing learning of the Qur’an, and prolonged disruption is feared to cause disengagement among the asnaf. Hence, this study arranged five meetings over three weeks for online Qur’an lessons, each lasting an hour, for eight asnaf-mualaf. A qualitative exploration of the online lessons was conducted to determine suitable mechanisms, issues, and challenges faced by the asnaf in online Qur’an learning. Interview protocol refinement (IPR) was employed to ensure the method was executed ethically, and the data were coded and analysed thematically using ATLAS.ti. The findings revealed a preference for WhatsApp, while low internet quality and accessibility were the expected apparent challenges during the restriction. The study underscores the importance of catering to the participants’ needs and addressing their lack, indicating a shift towards an andragogical approach of learner-centredness. Several actionable recommendations are forwarded to enhance the online Qur’an instructions for asnaf-mualaf.