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Biodeterioration should be controlled properly for efficient and sustainable forest products (woods) utilization. This research aimed to know the distribution of wood biodeterioration in house structure; the biodeterioration intensity and its economic loss in Lembang, Bogor, Serang and North Jakarta, which were different in temperature and humidity. The survey was conducted to 200 houses in the four places. The result showed that wood biodeterioration occured in most (90%) house buildings. Do Trisna PRIADI; Dodi NANDIKA; Kurnia SOFYAN; ACHMAD .; Arif Budi WITARTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Biodeterioration should be controlled properly for efficient and sustainable forest products (woods) utilization. This research aimed to know the distribution of wood biodeterioration in house structure; the biodeterioration intensity and its economic loss in Lembang, Bogor, Serang and North Jakarta, which were different in temperature and humidity. The survey was conducted to 200 houses in the four places. The result showed that wood biodeterioration occured in most (90%) house buildings. Doors, windows and roof structures were the most frequent attacked by biodeterioration agents. Decay fungi attacked wet wooden house components, mainly lisplank and ceiling, whereas termites attacked mainly doors, windows, poles and walls. The volume of damaged wooden house components in Lembang and Bogor were higher than those in the warmer and drier regions, Serang and North Jakarta. The average economic loss due to wood biodeterioration in a houses was about Rp28 000/year. However the economic loss per region was quite high, about two billion rupiahs per year in Serang and more than eight billion rupiahs in Bogor City. Keywords : Biodeterioration, decay fungi, termites, beetles, residential buildings

PEMBUATAN BATAKO DENGAN CAMPURAN FLY ASH DAN STYROFOAM Brick Making with a Mixture of Fly Ash and Styrofoam Agustina Dyah Setyowati; Zakki .; Achmad .; Erika .
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 1 (2017): JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Universitas Pamulang

Environmental pollution caused by industial waste need to be concerned. Fly ash and styrofoam are one of those thing. To reduce amount of industrial waste, fly ash and styrofoam can be transformed into something more useful, such as raw material for brick. Physical and cemical properties of fly ash almost the same as cement, and styrofoam can substitude cement and sand. Research shows that dried a brick in 150oC for an hour can accelerate the process of making a brick, but it can decrease the compressive strength, and the percentage of water adsorption is higher than the control sample (A). in addition of 10% fly sh, the compressive strength obtained is 2.5 MPa, and the highest water adsorption is reached, 20.74%. in addition of 0.1% styrofoam, the value of compressive strength and water adsorption are 2.5 MPa and 15,32%. And in combination of 10% fly ash and 0.1% styrofoam, the value of compressive strength and water adsorption are 1 MPa and 19.18%. result of XRD test shows that in both of the sample (sample A and E1), have the same dominant phase of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with 103% of intensity at 29.404 angle position.Kata Kunci : Environmental pollution, Brick, Fly Ash, Styrofoam, XRD

Zina Menurut Pandangan Al Qurâ€™an (Kajian Tafsir Tematik Tentang Ayat-Ayat Zina) Achmad .
Syaikhuna: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pranata Islam Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): Oktober
Publisher : STAI Syaichona Moh. Cholil Bangkalan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36835/syaikhuna.v9i2.3264

Adultery is to have intercourse between men and women without a legitimate marriage bond. Al-Qur'an talks about adultery in three letters, namely: first, al-Qur'an, al-Isra verse (32). Secondly, al-Qur'an al-Nur verse (2) and verse (3). Third, Al-Furqan verse 68. The first verse (QS. Al-Isra 'verse 32) contains a prohibition on approaching adultery. The second (QS.An-nur verse 2-3) contains the law for the perpetrators of adultery and the prohibition of marrying it, and the third verse QS. Al-Furqan verse (68) contains the reply of the perpetrators of adultery later in the sight of Allah. In Islam the word zina includes zina muhshan and ghairu muhshan. Limitation of adultery which must be had is 12 (twelve), namely: 1) Mukallaf, 2) male, 3) including all the hasyafah (penis tip), 4) original sex, 5) the genitals are still integrated with the person, 6) inserting clear sex in women, 7) law is prohibited to include it is indeed in the dzatiyah, 8) the law of prohibition arises from reality, 9) there must be no syubhat aborted on had, 10) the sex must be interested in character, 11) perpetrator zina must fulfill Islamic laws, and 12) the perpetrator must understand the prohibition of adultery.

Cyber sex menurut perspektif hukum islam dan undang-undang no. 44 tahun 2008 tentang pornografi Fawwas .; Achmad .
Syaikhuna: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pranata Islam Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): Maret
Publisher : STAI Syaichona Moh. Cholil Bangkalan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36835/syaikhuna.v10i1.3471

Pornography is an old problem that cannot be addressed by the provisions contained in the Criminal Code (Wetbook van Starvrecht Nederlandsch-Indie). The negative impact of pornography is increasingly worrisome, including: the occurrence of rape, adultery and abortion. Then the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) issued a fatwa Number 287 of 2001 concerning the prohibition against pornography and porno-action, because it was guided by the law on the many disadvantages of the benefits arising from pornography and porno-action and the prohibition against acts of approaching adultery. Because pornography and porno-action can be closer to adultery. In Islam also recognizes freedom of expression and opinion, does not mean freedom is used for negative purposes such as pornography and porno-action. But freedom of expression and opinion must be accountable not only to humans but also to Allah SWT. Islam teaches that the main purpose of life and human life is to get the pleasure of Allah alone. And accountable for all his actions while living in the world, including treating and utilizing his body as a mandate of Allah SWT.

Tawakal Dalam Perspektif Islam Achmad .
Syaikhuna: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pranata Islam Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): Oktober
Publisher : STAI Syaichona Moh. Cholil Bangkalan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36835/syaikhuna.v10i2.3721

Man was created by God as a perfect being because he was blessed with reason so that he can distinguish between good and bad, haq and inner. There are two things that cannot be released in human life, namely endeavor and trust. Efforts are to try and do, not be silent, also not fatalistic. His conviction is quite strong and stable, while trust is an attitude of a servant who is the result of his unanimous belief in God, because he believes that only God created everything, his knowledge is extensive, he is the one who governs and controls the universe. It is this belief that drives him to surrender all his problems to God. His heart is calm and peaceful and there is no suspicion, because Allah is Omniscient and Wise, and there are still many versions of scholars in interpreting tawakal. There are 4 things that must be known in trust, namely: the meaning of trust, the degree of trust, trust in benefits, and characteristics of trust. By knowing the four points of trust, a person can strengthen himself to put his trust in God.

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