Articles
<![CDATA[Toxicity study of Zingiber officinale volatile oil as antifilariasis in mice and rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: The volatile oil of Zingiber officinale has been reported effective to reduce microfilariae in Fells catus, L. According to the fact, there is chance that the volatile oil can be developed for treatment of filariasis in man. Before that idea can be realized some toxicity studies of Zingiber officinale should have to be done. Objective: This study was designed to know the potency of the acute and chronic toxicity in rodent. Methods: Acute toxicity study was perfomed in mice and rat as experimental animal and subchronic toxicity study was done only in mice. This study was done in standard methods.Results: The LD 50 value (mean ñ SD) of Zingiber officinale volatile oil in mice was 8.051 ñ 1.254 ml/Kg BW., while in rat the value was 12.99 ñ 1.021 ml/Kg BW. Routine hematology analysis showed that no significant difference between the control and the experimental groups.Conclusion: The mechanism responsible in the death of the experimental animal in this toxicity study, seems to be the ability of the volatile oil to produce contraction of the smooth muscle especially in the airway system (trachea).Key words : microfilariae - filariasis - acute toxicity - Fells catus - chronic toxicity.]]>
<![CDATA[Variation in susceptibility status to organophosphate insecticide among several geographic populations of Aedes albopictus Skuse in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 2 (2004) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Aedes albopictus skuse is an important vector of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Southeast Asia. Its distribution in Indonesia extends from Sabang (Sumatera) to Merauke (Papua) and is currently expanding. In response to a potential dengue fever outbreak in Indonesia during 2002, the susceptibility of 4 geographic populations of Aedes albopictus Skuse to commonly used mosquito adulticide (malathion) and larvicide (temephos) were assessed.Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the susceptibility status of each Ae. albopictus population to malathion and temephos.Methods: Eggs collected from 4 different geographic area in Indonesia, such as Padang (Sumatera), Yogyakarta (Java), Banjar (Kalimantan) and Timika (Papua) were reared to larvae and adults and were investigated by using bioassay (World Health Organization, 1981). The bioassay data were analyses using Probit analysis, which also corrects for mortality in the controls by Abott formula.Result: The Ae. albopictus mosquito population originate from Yogyakarta shows highest LC50 and LC90 malathion and temephos value, and the Ae. albopictus mosquito population originate from Timika shows lowest LC50 and LC90 malathion and temephos value than other population.Conclusion: There were insecticide susceptibility status difference of Ae. albopictus from diffetent geographic population in Indonesia (Padang, Yogyakarta, Banjar and Timika).Key words: malathion ââ¬â temephos - Ae. albopictus - bioassay - Abott formula.]]>
<![CDATA[The effect of intravenous neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei in mice ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 02 (2001) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Malaria is one of the most important public health problems in the tropical countries such a Indonesia. Several actions have been taken to overcome this problem, however, its prevalence is still high. Vector resistance to insecticide and parasite resistance to drug were two of the major constraints in dealing with malaria. Therefore, alternative methods to control malaria which are effective and safe are needed.Objectives: To detect the effect of neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei administered intravenously in mice.Methods: Seventy five Swiss mice were divided into 7 groups and each group was treated intravenously with 50 mg/KgBW, 100 mg/KgBW, 200 mg/KgBW, 400 mg/KgBW, 500 mg/KgBW neems seed oil; 5 mg/KgBW chloroquine and 50 ml physiological salt respectively for a period of 4 days after infection. The blood samples were collected every day (D.,0 to D.3) from all experimental animals and the parasitemia were examined with Giemsa staining.Results: Effective dose (ED50) of neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei in mice administered intravenously was 144.12 mg/Kg BW, and the inhibition effect of the dose of 800 mg/ KgBW was 78.61%.Conclusion: The neems (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei administered intravenously in mice (800 mg/KgBW) has a potential inhibition effect on development of P. berghei.Keywords: Plasmodium berghei - Azadirachta indica A. Juss - effective dose - parasitemia - resistance]]>
<![CDATA[Differentiation and identification of Aedes albopictus Skuse from several population in Indonesia based on genetic polymorphisms ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 1 (2004) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Aedes albopictus play important role in the spread dengue virus, it is spread widely in Indonesia. Geographical condition of Indonesia which shows varying climatology, biogeography and environmental factors seem to be very possible to cause the difference in the genetic structure of Ae. albopictus.Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the genetic polymorphism of each Ae. albopictus population.Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from individual mosquitoes from 4 geographic populations of Ae, albopictus and amplified in PCR reactions using single primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequence.Result: The DNA polymorphism level of Ae. albopictus population originated from Yogyakarta is 80.77%, followed by population originated from Padang is 57.14%, Banjar is 40.74% and Timika is 37.50%. Conclusion: The genetic structure of the Ae. albopictus populations shows obvious differences, and they shows that they are from different group and separated with the various difference percentage.Key words: genetic polymorphism - population - Ae. albopictus - dengue virus - RAPD-PCR.]]>
<![CDATA[The effect of Zingiber officinales active compounds against microfilariae Brugia malayi in Fells catus, L. ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 02 (1995) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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<![CDATA[Zingiber officinale, Rosa is a well known plant which can be used for the treatment of various diseases, and has been reported as an effective medicinal plant against Dirofilaria immitis in animal. The volatile oil and the pungent of Zingiber officinale, Rosa have been effectively used against larvae stage 3 (L3) B. malayi in vitro study.This study was designed to investigate the effect of the volatile oil and the pungent of Zingiber officinale, Rosc. against microfilariae B. malayi in Fells catus, L..Antifilarial activity of the pungent compound (isolate 1) and the volatile oil were assayed in vivo.The results showed that the volatile oil had the most quantity (rendement 0,5 %) and its activity against microfilariae B. malayi was higher than that of isolate 1, but lower than that of the dietylacarbamasine drug.Key words: microfilariae - volatile oil - the pungent of medicinal plant - B. malayi - Felis caws L]]>
<![CDATA[Differentiation and identification of Aedes albopictus Skuse from several population in Indonesia based on genetic polymorphisms ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 1 (2004) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Aedes albopictus play important role in the spread dengue virus, it is spread widely in Indonesia. Geographical condition of Indonesia which shows varying climatology, biogeography and environmental factors seem to be very possible to cause the difference in the genetic structure of Ae. albopictus.Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the genetic polymorphism of each Ae. albopictus population.Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from individual mosquitoes from 4 geographic populations of Ae, albopictus and amplified in PCR reactions using single primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequence.Result: The DNA polymorphism level of Ae. albopictus population originated from Yogyakarta is 80.77%, followed by population originated from Padang is 57.14%, Banjar is 40.74% and Timika is 37.50%. Conclusion: The genetic structure of the Ae. albopictus populations shows obvious differences, and they shows that they are from different group and separated with the various difference percentage.Key words: genetic polymorphism - population - Ae. albopictus - dengue virus - RAPD-PCR.]]>
<![CDATA[Variation in susceptibility status to organophosphate insecticide among several geographic populations of Aedes albopictus Skuse in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 2 (2004) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Aedes albopictus skuse is an important vector of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Southeast Asia. Its distribution in Indonesia extends from Sabang (Sumatera) to Merauke (Papua) and is currently expanding. In response to a potential dengue fever outbreak in Indonesia during 2002, the susceptibility of 4 geographic populations of Aedes albopictus Skuse to commonly used mosquito adulticide (malathion) and larvicide (temephos) were assessed.Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the susceptibility status of each Ae. albopictus population to malathion and temephos.Methods: Eggs collected from 4 different geographic area in Indonesia, such as Padang (Sumatera), Yogyakarta (Java), Banjar (Kalimantan) and Timika (Papua) were reared to larvae and adults and were investigated by using bioassay (World Health Organization, 1981). The bioassay data were analyses using Probit analysis, which also corrects for mortality in the controls by Abott formula.Result: The Ae. albopictus mosquito population originate from Yogyakarta shows highest LC50 and LC90 malathion and temephos value, and the Ae. albopictus mosquito population originate from Timika shows lowest LC50 and LC90 malathion and temephos value than other population.Conclusion: There were insecticide susceptibility status difference of Ae. albopictus from diffetent geographic population in Indonesia (Padang, Yogyakarta, Banjar and Timika).Key words: malathion – temephos - Ae. albopictus - bioassay - Abott formula.]]>
<![CDATA[The effect of intravenous neem's (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei in mice ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Mulyaningsih Budi Mulyaningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 02 (2001) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Malaria is one of the most important public health problems in the tropical countries such a Indonesia. Several actions have been taken to overcome this problem, however, its prevalence is still high. Vector resistance to insecticide and parasite resistance to drug were two of the major constraints in dealing with malaria. Therefore, alternative methods to control malaria which are effective and safe are needed.Objectives: To detect the effect of neem's (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei administered intravenously in mice.Methods: Seventy five Swiss mice were divided into 7 groups and each group was treated intravenously with 50 mg/KgBW, 100 mg/KgBW, 200 mg/KgBW, 400 mg/KgBW, 500 mg/KgBW neem's seed oil; 5 mg/KgBW chloroquine and 50 ml physiological salt respectively for a period of 4 days after infection. The blood samples were collected every day (D.,0 to D.3) from all experimental animals and the parasitemia were examined with Giemsa staining.Results: Effective dose (ED50) of neem's (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei in mice administered intravenously was 144.12 mg/Kg BW, and the inhibition effect of the dose of 800 mg/ KgBW was 78.61%.Conclusion: The neem's (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil on Plasmodium berghei administered intravenously in mice (800 mg/KgBW) has a potential inhibition effect on development of P. berghei.Keywords: Plasmodium berghei - Azadirachta indica A. Juss - effective dose - parasitemia - resistance]]>
