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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Agus Susanto

Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Author-ID : 2452064

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Medicine & Pharmacology

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Laju Infeksi Ganoderma pada Empat Kelas Tekstur Tanah Agus Susanto; Agus Eko Prasetyo; Sri Wening
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma is the most destructive disease in oil palm plantation in Indonesia. Development of this disease is faster and heavier in nutrient poor soils, such as sandy soil. The objective of this research is to study and quantitatively measure the infection rate of Ganoderma disease in sandy soil. The treatments consisted of five different mixtures of mineral soil (M) and sand (P) i.e: A (100% M–0% P), B (75% M-25% P), C (50% M-50% P), D (25% M-75% P), and E (0% M-100% P). Physical, chemical, and biological properties of each soil mixture treatment were analyzed. Soil texture can be differentiated into sandy clay loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, sand for treatmen A, B, C, D, E, respectively. Sandy soil medium had less microorganism population (< 1 × 106 cfu g-1soil) than sandy clay loam which microrganism population was 3 × 106 cfu g-1 soil. The infection rate of Ganoderma in sandy soils was 1.77–1.83 palm per month per 100 palms. Infection rate of Ganoderma in sandy soil was faster and higher than those in loamy soilKey words: basal stem rot, oil plam, sandy soil

Penyakit Kering Pelepah pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dan Sumatera Utara Donnarina Simanjuntak; Agus Susanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 3 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

The rapid development of oil palm industry is indicated by wide monoculture plantation. This condition causes the development of many diseases such as basal stem rot, bud rot, leaf spot, anthracnose, and fruit rot diseases. Recently, a new disease causing dry frond symptom was reported from plantations in 2 provinces, i.e. East Kalimantan and North Sumatera. Disease exploration was conducted in Muara Wahau estate, East Kalimantan and Kota Pinang (Labuhan Batu) estate, North Sumatera. Typical symptoms involved decaying which started from the tip of frond that spread into the middle, rotting brown to blackish; when rot had reached the middle, the frond becomes dry, and finally broken. Isolation and identification of the fungi from the infected plant showed the association of Thielaviopsis sp., although Koch Postulate–based assay was unable to prove that the disease was caused by infection of Thielaviopsis sp.

Laju Fotosintesis pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Terinfeksi Karat daun Cephaleuros virescen Agus Susanto; Agus Eko Prasetyo; Hari Priwiratama; Muhdan Syarovi
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 16 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Photosynthesis Rate of Oil Palm Infected by Red Rust Cephaleuros virescens The incidence of oil palm red rust disease caused by Cephaleuros virescens tends to increase in Indonesia. However, the loses due to this disease has never been measured quantitatively. This study was conducted to measure the rate of photosynthesis on 5-year-old palms with 3 infection categories, i.e. mild, medium, and heavy infection. Field observation of oil palm in Kalianta showed that the infection of red rust disease occurred starting from lower to the upper fronds. Higher infection was prevalently on the adaxial than abaxial leaf. The red rust infection on frond number 17 or younger severely affects the photoshynthesis rate of the oil palm. On the palm with heavy infection category, the photosynthesis rate on frond number 9 was decreased up to 42.48%, i.e. from 15.51 µmol to 8.92 µmol, compared to that with mild infection.

Pengaruh Fluktuasi Muka Air Tanah Terhadap Pelepah Bawah Mengering (Low Frond Desiccation) Kelapa Sawit di Lahan Gambut Labuhan Batu, Sumatera Utara Winarna; RANA FARRASATI; Agus Susanto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 28 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v28i2.114

Masalah tanaman kelapa sawit berupa kering pelepah bagian bawah (low frond desiccation/LFD) sering terjadi pada lahan gambut. Kejadian ini umumnya dikaitkan dengan kondisi fluktuasi muka air tanah gambut yang berpengaruh terhadap kelembaban tanah gambut dan ketersediaan serta serapan hara oleh tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji permasalahan LFD, faktor-faktor penyebab dan upaya pencegahan atau pemulihannya. Kajian LFD telah dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan gambut daerah Labuhan Batu, Sumatera Utara. Pengamatan meliputi fluktuasi muka air tanah, kondisi kelembaban tanah, sifat kimia tanah, serapan hara daun, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman dilakukan pada blok tanaman normal dan blok tanaman mengalami LFD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadinya penurunan muka air tanah gambut secara drastis pada saat bulan kering berdampak terhadap penurunan kelembaban gambut, bahkan hingga tanah gambut mengering. Kondisi pengeringan gambut menyebabkan ketersediaan hara dalam tanah dan serapan hara menurun secara nyata, sehingga memicu terjadinya LFD. Serapan hara tanaman yang mengalami LFD berat menurun dengan kisaran penurunan sebesar 25 – 41% untuk hara makro dan 22 – 53% untuk serapan hara mikro. Kondisi LFD berat secara nyata menurunkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kelapa sawit. Penurunan produksi dapat mencapai 27% per tahun dibandingkan dengan tanaman normal. Tanaman mengalami LFD dapat berangsur pulih dengan penerapan water management yang efektif, kontinyu dan terkontrol melalui pengelolaan muka air tanah pada kisaran kedalaman 40-60 cm pada blok tanaman.

Dampak aplikasi kumatetralil dan Sarcocystis singaporensis terhadap serangan hama tikus di perkebunan kelapa sawit Mahardika Gama Pradana; Hari Priwiratama; Agus Eko Prasetyo; Agus Susanto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i3.155

The management of rat attack in oil palm plantation is commonly achieved through rodenticide application as well as in combination with the utilization of natural enemies. In this study, field efficacy of two rodenticide active ingredients i.e. coumatetralyl and Sarcocystis singaporensis against Rattus tiomanicus was conducted in mature oil palm blocks. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design consisting of 3 treatments and 6 blocks/replicates. The application of coumatetralyl was conducted at the dose of 1 block bait per palm, while S. singaporensis treatment was conducted at the dose of 2 pellets per palm. The rodenticide application was carried out four times at five days interval. The result showed that incidence of rat attack decreased in all experimental blocks. The incidence of rat attack on coumatetralyl treatment was significantly lower than the control block at 5 and 10 days after application (daa), where as S. singaporensis treatment only showed a significant reduction at 5 daa. The average rate of reduction in rat attack during application of coumatetralyl, S. singaporensis, and control treatments was 53.80%; 38.58%; and 21.86%, respectively. The intensity of rat attack on male flowers before application was ranged between 31.87% to 40.64%, while the intensity on fruit bunches was ranged from 4.85% - 7.52%. The decrease in the incidence and intensity of rat attack is in line with the decrease in rodenticide consumption. In coumatetralyl treatment, consumed bait decreased from 75.02% to 57.03%, while in S. singaporensis treatment it decreased from 61.38% to 47.20%. In general, the efficacy value of coumatetralyl was higher than that of S. singaporensis.

Dampak Aplikasi Konsorsium Mikoriza Terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman dan Perkembangan Penyakit Ganoderma di Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit Hari Priwiratama; Mahardika Gama Pradana; Agus Susanto; Tjut Ahmad Perdana Rozziansha; Fatimah Nur Istiqomah
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 30 No 3 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v30i3.190

Penelitian untuk mengetahui dampak aplikasi konsorsium mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman dan tingkat kejadian penyakit Ganoderma dilakukan pada fase pembibitan kelapa sawit. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor (dosis mikoriza dan waktu inokulasi Ganoderma) dan tiga taraf perlakuan pada masing-masing faktor utama yaitu dosis mikoriza sebanyak 0 g, 30 g di pre-nursery (PN) ditambah 40 g di main nursery (MN), atau 40 g di PN ditambah 50 g di MN, dengan waktu inokulasi Ganoderma pada 3 atau 6 bulan setelah tanam dan perlakuan tanpa inokulasi sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat mikoriza yang digunakan dapat bersimbiosis dengan perakaran bibit kelapa sawit dengan tingkat kolonisasi antara 39,13% dan 45,74%. Aplikasi mikoriza tidak memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan meninggi dan jumlah daun bibit kelapa sawit, namun berdampak signifikan terhadap perkembangan diameter bonggol yang lebih lebar. Kejadian dan intensitas penyakit Ganoderma pada tanaman dengan aplikasi mikoriza secara signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa mikoriza. Aplikasi mikoriza mampu menekan perkembangan penyakit hingga lebih dari 50% pada seluruh dosis yang digunakan.

Co-Authors Agus Eko Prasetyo Donnarina Simanjuntak Fatimah Nur Istiqomah Hari Priwiratama Mahardika Gama Pradana Mahardika Gama Pradana Muhdan Syarovi RANA FARRASATI Sri Wening Tjut Ahmad Perdana Rozziansha Winarna

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