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Effectivity of Single Isolates, Mixtures, and Consortium of Endophytic Bacteria Against Fusarium solani and Meloidogyne spp. in Vitro resky wulandari r jahuddin; Abdul Munif; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Sukarno; Gusmaini Gusmaini
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 17 No 6 (2021)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.17.6.233-242

Effectivity of Single Isolates, Mixtures, and Consortium of Endophytic Bacteria Against Fusarium solani and Meloidogyne spp. in Vitro Fusarium solani and Meloidogyne spp. is known as pathogens associated with pepper yellow disease. The use of endophytic bacteria for controlling this disease needs to be evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the biocontrol activity of endophytic bacterial isolates applied singly (B. siamensis and B. velezensis), mixed (B. subtilis and B. wiedmannii) and consortium (PTM3) in suppressing F. solani and Meloidogyne spp. in vitro. Research methods included the isolation of F. solani and extraction of Meloidogyne spp. from the roots of infected plant, pathogenicity test, dual culture and mortality test, as well as physiological assay of endophytic bacterial isolates. The isolates of F. solani and Meloidogyne spp. proven to be pathogenic in pepper seedlings and causing yellow symptoms. Four isolates of endophytic bacteria were able to inhibit mycelium growth of F. solani. The highest inhibition on TSA medium was shown by a single isolate of B. siamensis, i.e. 57.25%; while on PDA medium was shown by mixed isolates of B. subtilis and B. wiedmannii, i.e. 56.47%. Application of B. velezenziz caused the highest mortality rate of Juvenile larval 2 Meloidogyne spp., i.e. 75.24%. Both B. siamensis and B. velevenzis isolates showed protease and cellulase activity; while mixed isolates of B. subtilis and B. wiedmannii and the PTM3 consortium isolates showed chitinase, protease and cellulase activity.

Increasing Lemongrass Herb Yield and Quality Through Nitrogen Addition SYAKIR SYAKIR; GUSMAINI GUSMAINI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 4 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n4.2015.167-174

ABSTRACTThe role of nitrogen in the process of photosynthesis is very important. It affects the growth, development and yield, especially leaves. Lemon grass produces citronella oil that contained in the leaves. One of the efforts to increase leaves yield is by application of N fertilizer. The aims of this research were to obtain optimal N dosage to improve herbage yield and quality of lemon grass. The research was conducted in Manoko Research Station, Lembang West Java from April - December2014. Using randomized block design, with 4 replicates and 6 treatments. The treatments consisted of 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 and 11,5 g N/plant. Lemon grass used from G3 accession. Parameters observed included plant growth (height and number of tillers), yield (fresh and dry herbs weight, and oil yield), and quality (yield, oil and citronella content). The results showed that N application significantly increased the growth, yield, and quality of lemon grass. Application of 4,6 g N/plant of N was optimum dosage for plant height and tiller number, total yield of herbage fresh weight (2904.46 g/plant) and leaves dry weight (1574.83 g/plant), yield (1.55%), oil content (2.06%), citronella content (41.59%). The best yield of citronella was obtained from aplplication of 6,9 g N/plant.Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, yield, citronella content PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI HERBA DAN MUTU SERAI WANGI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN NITROGENABSTRAKPeranan nitrogen dalam proses fotosintesis sangat penting antara lain berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan produksi daun tanaman. Tanaman serai wangi merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan minyak sitronela yang terdapat di dalam daun. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi daun adalah dengan penambahan nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis N optimal dalam meningkatkan produksi herba dan mutu sitronela pada serai wangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapang yang dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Manoko, Lembang Jawa Barat dari bulan April – Desember 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan 6 perlakuan. Perlakuan pupuk N dengan dosis 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 dan 11,5 g/tan. Tanaman serai wangi yang digunakan dari aksesi G3. Pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi dan jumlah anakan), produksi (bobot segar dan kering herba), dan mutu (rendemen, kadar sitronela, dan hasil minyak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian N berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan, produksi, dan mutu serai wangi. Nitrogen dengan dosis 4,6 g/tanaman merupakan dosis optimum untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan, total produksi herba segar (2.904,46 g/tan) dan kering (1.574,83 g/tan), rendemen (1,55%), kadar minyak (2,06%), dan kadar sitronela (41,59%) terbaik. Produksi minyak serai wangi terbaik pada pemberian N sebesar 6,9 g/tanaman.Kata kunci: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, produksi, kadar sitronela.

PEMANFAATAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DAN FOSFAT UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAMBILOTO / Utilizing Endophytic Bacteria and Phosphate for Growth and Yieald of Andrographis paniculata Gusmaini Gusmaini; Didy Sopandie; Sandra Arifin Aziz; Abdul Munif; Nurliani Bermawie
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 3 (2016): September, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n3.2016.153-159

Andrographis paniculta produce andrographolide, which have functions as raw material for medicine. One can stimulate andrographolide yield by utilizing endophytic bacteria and phosphate. This research objectives were to obtain effect of endophytic bacteria and phosphate on growth, yield and andrographolide content, N, P, and K uptake of A. paniculta. The research was conducted at the experimental garden of ISMCRI, at Cimanggu, Bogor from June 2012-February 2013. The trial was arranged in Random Block Design, factorial, 9 treatments and 3 replications. The first factor were endophytic bacteria; 1) without endophytic bacteria, 2) 20CD, and 3) 20BB. The second factor were the levels of P; 1) without P, 2) 27 kg/ha P, and 3) 54 kg/ha P. The results showed that Endophytic bacteria application and P fertilizer significantly increased plant growth, dry matter yield, andrographolide content and yield, and N, P, K uptake, but there were no interaction between endophytic bacteria and P treatments. Giving of endophytic bacteria improved content and yield of andrographolide ranging 16,9-29,9% and 37,6-45,7% respectively. A dossage of 27 kg/ha P was recommended to produce dry matter and andrographolide yield, and andrographolide content obtained 2.56%. The best andrographolide yield should be harvested at the beginning of generative phase.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide content, endophytic bacteria, phosphate, yield. AbstrakTanaman sambiloto merupakan tanaman penghasil andrografolid, yang berfungsi sebagai bahan baku obat. Salah satu yang dapat memacu produksi andrographolid tersebut dengan memanfaatkan bakteri endofit dan fosfat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bakteri endofit dan fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan kadar andrografolid serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cimanggu Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro), Bogor dari bulan Juni 2012-Februari 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, faktorial, 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu bakteri endofit; 1) tanpa bakteri, 2) 20CD, dan 3) 20BB. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P; 1) tanpa pupuk, 2) 27 kg/ha P, dan 3) 54 kg/ha P. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit dan P nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomas, kadar dan produksi andrografolid, serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada umur tanaman 14 MST, namun tidak terdapat interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut. Pemberian bakteri endofit dapat meningkatkan kadar dan produksi andrografolid, masing-masing berkisar 16,9-29,9% dan 37,6- 45,7%. Dosis 27 kg/ha P direkomendasikan untuk menghasilkan produksi bahan kering dan produksi andrografolid, dengan kadar andrografolid yang diperoleh 2,56%. Produksi andrografolid terbaik, tanaman dipanen pada fase awal generatif.Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, andrografolid, bakteri endofit, pertumbuhan, fosfat, produksi.

Increasing Lemongrass Herb Yield and Quality Through Nitrogen Addition SYAKIR SYAKIR; GUSMAINI GUSMAINI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 4 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n4.2015.167-174

ABSTRACTThe role of nitrogen in the process of photosynthesis is very important. It affects the growth, development and yield, especially leaves. Lemon grass produces citronella oil that contained in the leaves. One of the efforts to increase leaves yield is by application of N fertilizer. The aims of this research were to obtain optimal N dosage to improve herbage yield and quality of lemon grass. The research was conducted in Manoko Research Station, Lembang West Java from April - December2014. Using randomized block design, with 4 replicates and 6 treatments. The treatments consisted of 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 and 11,5 g N/plant. Lemon grass used from G3 accession. Parameters observed included plant growth (height and number of tillers), yield (fresh and dry herbs weight, and oil yield), and quality (yield, oil and citronella content). The results showed that N application significantly increased the growth, yield, and quality of lemon grass. Application of 4,6 g N/plant of N was optimum dosage for plant height and tiller number, total yield of herbage fresh weight (2904.46 g/plant) and leaves dry weight (1574.83 g/plant), yield (1.55%), oil content (2.06%), citronella content (41.59%). The best yield of citronella was obtained from aplplication of 6,9 g N/plant.Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, yield, citronella content PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI HERBA DAN MUTU SERAI WANGI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN NITROGENABSTRAKPeranan nitrogen dalam proses fotosintesis sangat penting antara lain berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan produksi daun tanaman. Tanaman serai wangi merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan minyak sitronela yang terdapat di dalam daun. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi daun adalah dengan penambahan nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis N optimal dalam meningkatkan produksi herba dan mutu sitronela pada serai wangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapang yang dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Manoko, Lembang Jawa Barat dari bulan April – Desember 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan 6 perlakuan. Perlakuan pupuk N dengan dosis 0; 2,3; 4,6; 6,9; 9,2 dan 11,5 g/tan. Tanaman serai wangi yang digunakan dari aksesi G3. Pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi dan jumlah anakan), produksi (bobot segar dan kering herba), dan mutu (rendemen, kadar sitronela, dan hasil minyak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian N berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan, produksi, dan mutu serai wangi. Nitrogen dengan dosis 4,6 g/tanaman merupakan dosis optimum untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan, total produksi herba segar (2.904,46 g/tan) dan kering (1.574,83 g/tan), rendemen (1,55%), kadar minyak (2,06%), dan kadar sitronela (41,59%) terbaik. Produksi minyak serai wangi terbaik pada pemberian N sebesar 6,9 g/tanaman.Kata kunci: Cymbopogon nardus L., nitrogen, produksi, kadar sitronela.

PEMANFAATAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DAN FOSFAT UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAMBILOTO / Utilizing Endophytic Bacteria and Phosphate for Growth and Yieald of Andrographis paniculata Gusmaini Gusmaini; Didy Sopandie; Sandra Arifin Aziz; Abdul Munif; Nurliani Bermawie
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 3 (2016): September, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n3.2016.153-159

Andrographis paniculta produce andrographolide, which have functions as raw material for medicine. One can stimulate andrographolide yield by utilizing endophytic bacteria and phosphate. This research objectives were to obtain effect of endophytic bacteria and phosphate on growth, yield and andrographolide content, N, P, and K uptake of A. paniculta. The research was conducted at the experimental garden of ISMCRI, at Cimanggu, Bogor from June 2012-February 2013. The trial was arranged in Random Block Design, factorial, 9 treatments and 3 replications. The first factor were endophytic bacteria; 1) without endophytic bacteria, 2) 20CD, and 3) 20BB. The second factor were the levels of P; 1) without P, 2) 27 kg/ha P, and 3) 54 kg/ha P. The results showed that Endophytic bacteria application and P fertilizer significantly increased plant growth, dry matter yield, andrographolide content and yield, and N, P, K uptake, but there were no interaction between endophytic bacteria and P treatments. Giving of endophytic bacteria improved content and yield of andrographolide ranging 16,9-29,9% and 37,6-45,7% respectively. A dossage of 27 kg/ha P was recommended to produce dry matter and andrographolide yield, and andrographolide content obtained 2.56%. The best andrographolide yield should be harvested at the beginning of generative phase.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide content, endophytic bacteria, phosphate, yield. AbstrakTanaman sambiloto merupakan tanaman penghasil andrografolid, yang berfungsi sebagai bahan baku obat. Salah satu yang dapat memacu produksi andrographolid tersebut dengan memanfaatkan bakteri endofit dan fosfat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bakteri endofit dan fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan kadar andrografolid serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cimanggu Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro), Bogor dari bulan Juni 2012-Februari 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, faktorial, 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu bakteri endofit; 1) tanpa bakteri, 2) 20CD, dan 3) 20BB. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P; 1) tanpa pupuk, 2) 27 kg/ha P, dan 3) 54 kg/ha P. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit dan P nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomas, kadar dan produksi andrografolid, serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada umur tanaman 14 MST, namun tidak terdapat interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut. Pemberian bakteri endofit dapat meningkatkan kadar dan produksi andrografolid, masing-masing berkisar 16,9-29,9% dan 37,6- 45,7%. Dosis 27 kg/ha P direkomendasikan untuk menghasilkan produksi bahan kering dan produksi andrografolid, dengan kadar andrografolid yang diperoleh 2,56%. Produksi andrografolid terbaik, tanaman dipanen pada fase awal generatif.Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, andrografolid, bakteri endofit, pertumbuhan, fosfat, produksi.

Identifikasi dan Toleransi Kemasaman Mesofauna Indigenous Tanaman Lada untuk Pertumbuhan Bibit Lada (Piper nigrum L.): Identifikasi dan Toleransi Kemasaman Mesofauna Indigenous Tanaman Lada untuk Pertumbuhan Bibit Lada (Piper nigrum L.) Ratna Santi; Gusmaini Gusmaini; Mamik Sarwendah
AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 4 No 2 (2020): AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Bangka Belitung

Low soil fertility in Bangka becomes the main problem in permanent pattern of pepper cultivation. Utilization of micro and mesofauna plays a role in the decomposition of organic matter, improving soil structure, recycling of nutrients and reducing nutrient loss. This study aims to identify the potential of mesophuna isolation under the stand of pepper in stimulating the growth pepper seedlings. The initial stage of the activity is the identification and analysis of the abundance of mesofauna soil samples taken from South Bangka production centers of pepper plants. The potential tolerance of mesofauna acidity by growing pot system nursery pepper at different media acidity levels. The results showed that mesofauna obtained from Acari and Collembola species from Neanuridae family, Hypogastruridae, Entomobrydae, Sminthuridae, Cypoderidae, Mesotigmata. Based on tolerance to mesophyroid pH identified in this study are indifferent groups living on acid and alkaline pH conditions. Mesofauna can improve soil fertility as indicated by an increasing C-organic content, macro nutrients P, K, soil pH and soil aeration. Increasing macro nutrients and improving soil porosity of the planting media will stimulate root development and growth of nursery pepper.

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