Kartawiria, Irvan Setiadi
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty Of Life Sciences And Technology, Swiss German University

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MODEL PRODUKTIVITAS PROSES PRODUKSI BIOETANOL PADA BIOREAKTOR AEROBIK DAN ANAEROBIK SINAMBUNG Irvan S. Kartawiria, Khaswar Syamsu, Erliza Noor, Evita H. Legowo
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 26 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

One of the issues in bioethanol production as fuel is the low productivity of fermentation process. Application of serial continuous bioreactor could increase the fermentation productivity. Series of bioreactor running in aerobic condition followed by anaerobic fermentation may resolve cell exhaustion and low substrate utilization problems, as pre-conditioned fresh cell cultured in aerobic bioreactor is fed continuously to fermentation tank. This research studied the productivity model of such configuration and its limitation in bioethanol production. The model developed was based on unstructured growth model applied on process mass balance on steady state. Model validation and verification were conducted in 2000 mL CSTR (Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor) type experimental bioreactor, utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC18824 in nutrient broth. Glucose 20% w/v was used as carbon source in feed stream. Process kinetics and product formation were observed by measuring biomass using spectrophotometry, glucose by DNS method and ethanol produced by HPLC. The results show that model could be developed by deriving mass balance for the system, with adjustment where μ is following modified Monod equation. The model accuracy was 82.43 ± 1.58% in term of ethanol productivity. Productivity of ethanol was observed as a function of cell concentration in aerobic bioreactor (X1) and dilution rate at anaerobic bioreactor (D2) and its interaction was observed through the central composite design. Highest productivity of 19.01g/L.h was observed at optimized value ofX1 22g/l and D20.30 h-1 with the yield of YP/Stotal of 0.36 g ethanol/ g sugar, while fermentative yield was 0.45 g ethanol/ g sugar.The value wa higher than productivity in batch fermentation at the same working volume of bioreactor (1.01g/L.h). Overall substrate conversion on highest productivity was 87.65%, where 61.08% substrate converted into bioethanol.Keywords: bioethanol,continuous bioreactor, productivity model
BIOETHANOL POTENTIAL FROM WHOLE PARTS OF CASSAVA PLANT IN INDONESIA Felen Suryani Dinata; Irvan S. Kartawiria
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 31 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert.2021.31.1.20

Abstract

Cassava is a promising bioethanol feedstock as all parts of cassava plant including its tuber, stem, leaves, along with processing waste such as peel and bagasse can be used in bioethanol production. However, bioethanol potential from the whole parts of cassava plant is not yet summarized. This research reviewed and calculated the average bioethanol yield from each part of the cassava plant, and calculated bioethanol potential from the whole parts of cassava plant, especially in Indonesia. Fresh cassava tuber, fresh stem, fresh leaves, fresh peel, and dry bagasse are found to have average bioethanol yield of 180 L/ton, 155 L/ton, 75 L/ton, 160 L/ton, and 390 L/ton, respectively. If the whole cassava plant along with its processing waste is utilized for bioethanol production, cassava plants that produce a ton of fresh cassava tuber can yield 400 L bioethanol. With a scenario of total area harvested 700,000 ha and cassava productivity of 22.5 tonnes/ha/year, bioethanol potential from whole cassava plant and its processing waste in Indonesia is 6.3 billion L/year. However, using all the cassava plant for bioethanol production is impractical, considering other utilization of cassava. The bioethanol potential from whole parts of cassava plant after considering other use of plant becomes 2.9 billion L/year. Even when the cassava tuber is used for other utilization, bioethanol from unused cassava stem, leaves, peel, and bagasse is still significant and worth considering. Keywords: bioethanol, cassava plant, waste
Development of diffusive drying process using compressed dry air in pharmaceutical industry Regina Aryanti; Irvan Kartawiria; Paulus Gunawan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 11, No 5 (2013)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2013.12.2.1

Abstract

Most of drying processes applies excessive heat which damages heat sensitive material, including foods, pharmaceutical, neutraceutical substances, and herbal medicines. Drying approach is categorized into evaporative drying that utilize heat as driving force, and diffusive drying that uses vapor pressure difference to reduce moisture content. Diffusive drying requires media with very low vapor pressure, such as compressed dry air used in pharmaceutical industry. The objective of this research is to develop drying process based on diffusion principle pharmaceutical grade compressed dry air. Process development involves mathematical modeling based on diffusion principles, construction of equipment prototype, validation, and verification of the model using the prototype. Lactose granules (50 g and 70 g) were used as example. The drying process reduces lactose moisture content from 11.38% to 4.75% in 85 seconds at room temperature. Compressed dry air used at moisture content 0.0005% with flow rates of 1.47×10-2, 1.58×10-2, and 1.67×10-2 m3/s (operating pressure of 1.3, 1.6, and 1.8 bars). The diffusive drying model developed in this research has been successfully validated against physical behavior with accuracies of 84.24 - 99.61%. It can be concluded that the compressed dry air in pharmaceutical industry is potential for diffusive drying process at room temperature.Keywords: drying, diffusive, compressed air, model AbstrakKebanyakan proses pengeringan memberikan panas yang berlebihan, yang dapat merusak bahan-bahan peka panas seperti bahan-bahan pangan, farmasetika, nutrasetika, serta obat-obatan herbal. Pendekatan umum proses pengeringan dapat dibedakan menjadi pengeringan evaporatif yang memanfaatkan panas sebagai gaya pendorong, serta pengeringan difusional yang memanfaatkan perbedaan tekanan uap untuk mengurangi kadar air bahan umpan. Pengeringan difusional memerlukan media bertekanan uap sangat rendah untuk melepaskan air dari produk, seperti udara tekan kering, untuk penerapan di industri farmasi. Udara tekan di industri farmasi harus sesuai dengan standar ISO 8573.1 Class 1, yang mensyaratkan kelembaban sangat rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan proses pengeringan berdasarkan prinsip difusi, menggunakan udara tekan kering sesuai standar industri farmasi. Pengembangan melibatkan pemodelan matematik berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip difusi, pembangunan prototipe alat, validasi, dan verifikasi model menggunakan prototipe tersebut. Udara tekan kering memiliki kadar air 0,0005% dengan laju alir divariasikan pada 1.47×10-2 m3/s, 1.58×10-2 m3/s, 1.67×10-2 m3/s (pada tekanan operasi 1,3, 1,6, dan 1,8 bar). Model pengeringan difusional yang dikembangkan berhasil divalidasi terhadap kelakuan nyata dengan akurasi 84.24 - 99.61%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa udara kering tekan berstandar industri farmasi dapat digunakan untuk proses pengeringan difusional pada temperatur ambien. Kata kunci: pengeringan, difusional, udara tekan, model
The Development of Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower Powder Drink by Co-crystallization Marpaung, Abdullah Muzi; Lee, Michael; Kartawiria, Irvan Setiadi
Indonesian Food Science and Technology Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020): Volume 3. Number 2, July 2020 |IFSTJ|
Publisher : Department of Technology of Agricultural product (THP) Jambi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/ifstj.v3i2.10185

Abstract

Abstract— A method consist of co-crystallization, agglomeration, drying has been applied to develop a powder drink from butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) extract. The butterfly pea flower extract was concentrated by vacuum evaporation and incorporated with supersaturated sugar solution (more than 90 Brix), agglomerated and dried at 60oC for 12 hours. The anthocyanin stability and antioxidant activity of the powder drink was evaluated for 28 days at three levels of temperature (room temperature, 40oC, and 50oC). The stability of anthocyanin decreased as the increase of storage temperature. The half-life of anthocyanin in the powder drink at respective temperature was 27.99, 16.53, and 9.81 days. Despite the anthocyanin significantly degraded, the decrease of antioxidant activity of the powder drink was not significant. Hence, the beneficial effect of the butterfly pea powder drink retained. Keywords— anthocyanin; butterfly pea; co-crystallization; stability; sugar