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All Journal MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology Equalegum International Law Journal
A efendi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Diminishing Chromium Use on Combined Chromium-Gambier Tanning Process Upon the Characteristics of Tanned Leather A Kasim; D Novia; S Mutiar; A efendi
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (385.948 KB) | DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2014.37.1.24

Abstract

The research was aimed to investigate the influence of minimizing chromium use on combined chromium-gambier process upon the characteristics of tanned leather. At the first stage of tanning process, chromium was used and in the second stage it was replaced by gambier. The raw material used was dried saline-preserved goat skin. The treatments applied on the tanning process were the different concentrations of chromium ranging from the highest level of 6% to the lowest level of 1% which was then re-tanned by using 8% concentration of gambier. The examination parameters included chemical and physical properties as well as visual investigation on the tanned leather in accordance with SNI-06-0463-1989-A. The result showed that the tanning process by using 2% chromium in the first step and 8% gambier in the second step was a treatment combination producing tanned leather that met the standard. The examination on tanned leather resulted from such treatment showed 56.33% rawhide, 17.45% of bound tannin, 31.22% of tanning level, tensile strength 386.30 kg/cm2, flexibility 31.91%, leather width 1.3 mm, density 0.75 g/cm3, the leather was quite elastic with light brownish color. In conclusion, minimizing the use of chromium in the combined tanning process of chromium and gambier can be implemented to the lowest of 2% chromium concentration and 8% gambier in the first and second step, respectively. Key words: gambier, leather, minimizing chromium, tanning
DUE DILIGENCE NOTARY PRACTICES BEFORE AND AFTER THE COMPANY'S CAPITAL MARKET LISTING AS A LEGAL ENTITY Wijaya, Yasmin; Efendi, A; Noor, Azman Mohd.
EQUALEGUM International Law Journal Volume 3, Issue 3, 2025
Publisher : SYNTIFIC

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61543/equ.v3i3.160

Abstract

Background. Businesses must finish the required paperwork and submit registration statements to the Capital Markets and Financial Institutions Supervisory Agency, which is assisted by organizations and experts, in order to participate in the capital market, which involves the public offering and selling of securities from publicly traded companies. The purpose of this research purpose was to determine the use of due diligence notaries before and following the company's legal entity listing in the stock market. Research Method. This research was qualitative, normative, and descriptive-analytical, which explains information and facts about the use of the openness principle and notary due diligence both before and after the Limited Liability Company's listing on the Capital Market. Findings. The implementation of notary due diligence requires the use of the capital market's openness concept.  This implies that the notary confirms the company's information, which would be included in the deed he drafts, prior to performing his obligations in creating deeds. Making changes to the articles of organization, minutes of the general meeting of shareholders, deeds of agreement for public offers, and registration with the Capital Markets and Financial Institutions Supervisory Agency are among the notary's duties both prior to and following listing. Conclusion. Notaries must make sure that a deed has the right intent, content, and purpose while abiding by all applicable laws, statutes, rules, and the code of ethics.
Co-Authors A Kasim D Novia Noor, Azman Mohd. S Mutiar Wijaya, Yasmin