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KEMUNGKINAN PEMANFAATAN JENIS KAYU INDONESIA UNTUK PENGGANTI KAYU POK Y I Mandang; Barly Barly
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 10 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.10.405-416

Suatu percobaan impregnasi tiga jenis kayu daun lebar Indonesia dengan bahan pelumas sudah dilaksanakan. Tujuannya adalah untuk menghasilkan kayu yang memiliki sifat mendekati kayu pok (Guajacum spp.): berat jenis tinggi dan kandungan resin/pelumas tinggi, cocok untuk penyangga poros baling-baling kapal laut.Tiga jenis kayu yang diuji yaitu Elateriospermum tapos Bl., Dialium platysepalum Backer, dan Xanthophyllum stipitatum Benn. Pemilihan jenis didasarkan pada hipotesis bahwa jenis kayu ini mudah diimpregnasi karena mempunyai parenkim pita berjarak rapat.lmpregnasi dilakukan dengan 4 jenis minyak yaitu: minyak jarak, minyak kemiri, minyak laka dan asam oleat. Konsentrasi minyak yang digunakan adalah 3% dalam alkohol lalu diimpregnasikan ke dalam kayu dengan bagan berikut: vakum awal 500 mmHg selama 15 menit, tekanan hidraulik 10 atm selama 60 menit, dan vakum akhir 500 mmHg seiama 15 menit. Absorpsi larutan dapat mencapai 62,7% berat kayu pada Elateriospermum, 20,7% pada Dialium dan 18, 7% pada kayu Xanthophyllum. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ketiga kayu yang dicoba termasuk sedang-sukar diimpregnasi. Karena iiu disarankan untuk dilakukan percobaan lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan kadar pelumas yang lebih tinggi dan jangka waktu tekan yang lebih lama. Mungkin diperlukan pemanasan pada waktu proses untuk menurunkan kekentalan pelumas yang digunakan.

STRUKTUR ANATOMI BEBERAPA JENIS KAYU HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI Sri Rulliaty M; Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.6.326-336

Gross and anatomical features of nine Industrial Forest Plantation Timber Species were studied and described for identification purposes. The result shows that each wood species can be distinguished one from the other except those species which belong to the same genera.

ANATOMI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SEPULUH JENIS KAYU DARI SULAWESI UTARA Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 10, No 5 (1992): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1992.10.5.167 - 178

Gross and anatomical features of ten wood species from North Sulawesi were observed and described. Two of them hove light colour and considerable hard, and therefore recommended for ramin substitute. They are Pangium edule and Neonauclea sp.For identification purposes several important features were noted: oil cell in Elmerillia, perforation plate scalariform in Elmerillia and Laplacea, vertical septum in axial parenchima strand of Serianthes, fiber septate in Pangium, Aglaia and Desoxylum.Serianthes minahassae contain fiber with best quality. It is therefore recommended for pulpwood.

ANATOMI PERBANDINGAN KAYU CENDANA (SANTALUM ALBUM L.) DAN EXOCARPUS (EXOCARPUS LATIFOLIA R. Br.) Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 6 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.6.365-368

Compared to Santalum album L., the wood of Exocarpus Latifolia R.Br. is lower in quality. It is there necessary to investigate the difference of their wood features to overcome the unwanted substitution or fraud possibilities.Microscopic study reveals that there are many similarities in wood anatomy between Santalum album L. and Exocarpus latifolia R. Br. They are anatomically different only in pore diameter and pore frequency. The wood of Exocarpus latifolia R.Br. has larger pore diameter but lower pore frequency. Some differences were also ob1erved on gross features of wood. Exocarpus latifolia R. Br. has darker sapwood color, coarser wood texture and less aromatic odour.

ANATOMI DAN IDENTIFIKASI 21 JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 1 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.9.1.5-23

Grau and anatomical features of 21 leaer known wood species (10 families) were described and comJH11"814 There are 10 out of 21 species which have deco1Utiveappearances.i.e. Solenospermum javanicum, Luminitaera littorea. Mutixia trichotoma, Blumeodendron tokbrai, Neoscbartechinia kingii, Pimeleodendron amboinicum, Gymnostoma sumatranum, Wienmania blumei, Dillenia ex.celsaand Erythroxy Ion cuneatum.For identification purpo•• •veral important features were noted. They occur at least in one mt1mberof the follow- ing families: 1) veael solitary and radialy grouped in Caauarinaceae;.2) ueuel crou section are polygonal in Comaceae and Cunoniaceae; 3) intervet111elpit vestured in Combretaceae and Dipterocarpaceae; 4) Tylosis sclerotic in Euphorbiaceae;5) parenchyma banded or reticulate in Casuarinaceae, Celaateraceae, Cunoniaceae and Euphorbiaceae; 6) fiber storied in Datiscaceae; 7) 'fibers uaually with bordered pit at radial face in Erythrox.ylaceaeand Eupho:rbjaceae;8) vaacicentric bw1aflid in Casuarinaceae, Cunoniaceae and Dipterocarpaceae; 9) axial inter..celularcanal in Oomaeeae and Dipterocar- paceae; 1 O) raphide crystal in ray cells of Dilleniaceae;11) Disjunctive end wall in upright ray cells of Euphorbiaceae.Revision of the formerly known as Casuarina sumatrana Jungh. et de Vriese into .Gymnostoma sumatranum L. A.S. Johnaon is BUJ)t)rted by anatomical charocters.

KEANEKARAGAMAN FOSIL KAYU DI BAGIAN BARAT PULAU JAWA Y I Mandang; D Martono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 5 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.5.192–203

A preliminai y survey on wood fossil was carried out at three fossil yards around Ciampea, Leuwiliang and Jasinga, West Java. The purpose of the survey was to find out the diversity of ancient trees of the respective areas. Fossils examined were limited to those having diameter 30 cm up only. Identification was made by examining anatomical features which can be detected by the aid of a 10 x illuminated magnifier. The results are as follows : 81. 4 percent out of 199 fossils examined are belongs to Dipterocarpaceae; among those dipterocarp fossils, 19.4 percent are Dryobalanoxylon, a genus which no longer has extant living in the present day natural forest of Java; non dipterocarp fossils are less than those of dipterocarp; among them are Alstonioxylon, Calophylloxylon, Dillenioxylon, Ochanostachysoxylon, Tenninalioxylon, and some fossil of Leguminosae. These results indicate that some time in the past, during some already gone epoch, the diversity of trees in the west region of Java island was similar to the diversity of trees in Sumatera and Kalimantan islands nowadays where dipterocarp trees are relatively abundant. Further study on the precisely described origin and accurately dated fossils is highly recommended.Key words : Dipterocarpaceae, wood fossil, Java

ANATOMI DAN IDENTIFIKASI 17 JENIS KAYU KURANG DI KENAL Anatomy and identification of 17 lesser known wood species Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 2 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1990.8.2.55-69

~ .. anil anotOmical• ffOtura of 17 luaer #mown wood apeciea (1 ta•ilaa) ,,,.,..dwldikd and compared. There•arec :fhrff' of tlaem uilaich haw deebrative appearance. Le. Wrip~ia• tomentoa. fenumdoa.• ~eloba and-"1tophtorum~,.,_.:, •,'•.• ., .. ,_ .. •.For identificatio11 p~.; ...veral important features were noted. Tlaei_o~cur at leGlt •;n {!ne _member of the folow inl .tazo_n _; lJ. ~,,.;- rfnl {K>reo..f!.#1 W,Ood in Bipao~ae; 2J scalilrlform perfo1'ltion plate in Ala111iaceae; 8) veatured pit in CaualpiniDc~e; 4}. luJmoceilular ray. in Aceraceae, Bignoniaceae and Cae10ltJjnl4e«le;. SJ ray atoned in Cae1alpiniaceae;6) iilica• badlei;1n''Dlalium arid SWbltonia; 7) vertical chains of cry1tals in•Ca.,,inloaeO'e;,8) :ae.ptote fibe,., in•AnacardiaMi~' B~ arid Caesalplnlaceae; 9) radial mtercellular canal in Anacardiaceae and Buneraceae.

ANATOMI PEPAGAN PULAI DAN BEBERAPA JENIS SEKERABAT Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 22, No 4 (2004): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2004.22.4.247-261

Bark anatomy of white pulai (Alstonia scholaris R.Br.). black pulai (Alstonia angustiloba Miq.) and bintaro (Cerbera manghas L.) were observed and described for identification purposes. These plants have been used as sources of traditional medicine in South East Asia. Bark of these trees exudes white gum when it was cut; the inner parts are white. The outer surfaces of A. scholaris and C. manghas are gray and usually lenticellate; the outer surface of A. angustiloba contains no lenticel, and the colour is dark brown . with narrow and shallow longitudinal fissures. The main components of bark are phloem, parenchyma, ray, fibre, sclereid and periderm. Fibres are tangentially arranged near the cambium ofjuvenile stem of all species, then pushed outward by cambium activity as the age of the plant increased. Sclereids were few and thin walled while the plants were young and then increased in quantity and in cell wall thickness as the plants become mature. The main anatomical differences between bark of these plants were in the morphology of the sclereids. Sclereids of A. scholaris are short and chubby, sclereid of A. angustiloba are long and stout while those of C. manghas are long and slender. A tentative identification key is presented.

ANATOMI DAN KUALITAS SERAT SEMBILAN JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL ASAL KALIMANTAN TIMUR Y I Mandang; Usep Sudardij
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 19, No 1 (2001): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2001.19.1.41-67

One way to overcome the shortages of raw material for wood based industries in Indonesia nowadays is to utilize the lesser known wood species. Therefore, the basic properties of these lesser known wood species should be studied. Wood anatomy of nine lesser known wood species from East Kalimantan have been observed and described for identification purposes and for evaluation of their properties and then appropriate uses.For identification purpose several main features have been noted : 1) Perforation plat scalariform in Mastixia trichotoma and Drypetes sp.; 2) Closely spaced parenchyma bands and radial intercellular canal in Ficus variegata; 3) Parenchyma reticulate in Drypetes sp, Diospyro macrophylla and Koilodepas sp.; 4) Fiber septate in Glochidion philippicum; 5) Rays almos exlusively homocelullar with gum-like deposite in vessels o/Lansium sp.Seven out of nine wood species examined containfibers of medium quality for pulp and paper among others : Blumeodendron kurzii, Ficus variegata and Mastixia trichtoma. The other two species contain fibers with poor quality. Two species, Drypetes sp. and Koilodepas sp. have light colour and decorative appearance and with considerable strength to be used as raw material for fancy furniture and decorative panel. Ficus variegata has anatomical structure which allow it too easily be peeled in to fine decorative veneer for plywood.Key words : Lesser known wood species, wood anatomy, identification, fiber quality.

ANATOMI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SEMBILAN BELAS JENIS KAYU DARI SULAWESI Y I Mandang; Nenny Sumarliaai
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 1 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.1.21 - 35

Gross and anatomical features of nineteen wood species from Sulawesi belonging to 15 genera and 11 family were observed, described and then compared for identification. A dichotomous key for identification were also consructed.Upright cells with pointed end were discovered in the xylary ray tissue of Koordersiodendron pinnatum Merr. This feature were never observed in any other wood species.The occurence of crystals in parenchyma of Palaquium proved not to be constant, so it should be used for identification of the genus in positive sense only.

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