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Y I Mandang
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ANATOMI BATANG AREN (ARENGA PINNATA MERR.) Y I Mandang; Nenny S Sudarna
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.334-339

Abstract

The  anatomical   features  of  aren stem  in relation  to  its utilization   were  studied   by  taking  samples  from  Bogor  Re- gency,   West Java.   The  mature  stem  has 8 to 10 m of clear bole with  30 to 43 cm  in diameter.  The hard pheripheral  region of  the stem  is only  0.5 to 5.2  cm in thickness   or 4 to 20 percent  of the .stem  volume.The pheripheral  region of  the stem  consists  largerly of fibrouascular  bundles  while  the central portion   consists  mainly bf parenchyma   tissues.  The frequency   of  vascular bundles  at pheripheral  region may  reach 139 bundle/sq.  cm  then gradually decreased  to 10 bundles/sq.   cm at the center.The  fiber  dimension   vary along and  across the  stem:   length  1618  to 2712  microns,  diameter.28   to 52 microns,  wallthickness  5 to 24 microns.   The Runhell  ratio varies from  0. 56 to 13.33.
ANATOMI TUJUH JENIS KAYU DARI SULAWESI TENGAH. (Anatomy of seven Wood Species from Central Sulawesi) Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 6 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.6.211-216

Abstract

Wood anatomy of three broad-leaved tree species and four coniferous tree species from Central Sulawesi were observed and described for identification purposes. Fiber dimensions were also measured for evaluation of their quality for pulp making.The three broad-leaved woodspecies (Pouteria firma, Castanopsis javanica and Tristania maingayi) are different in many aspects of wood anatomy so that they are easy to identify. The four coniferous wood species (Agathis philippinensis, Podocarpus imbricatus, Phylocladus hypophylus and Dacrydium beccarii) are similar in many aspects of wood anatomy so that they are difficult to distinguish from each other. More material is needed for furher observation.No single species among the three broad-leaved wood species contain fibers with good quality. All of the four coniferous wood species contain fibers which are moderately good for pulp.
PEMILAHAN JENIS KAYU KAPUR SINTOK (DRYOBALANOPS OOCARPA V. SI.) DARI JENIS-JENIS KAYU KAPUR LAINNYA Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.56-59

Abstract

Kapur sintok  (Dryobalanops oocarpa  V. SI.) is the lightest and also the lowest in durability  among  the nine wood species of kapur.  It is there fore  necessary to separate  this wood species from   the other members,  but  it is difficult   to separate  based  on anatomical  characters.   A chemical spot  test proved  to be simple  and applicable. Kapur  sintok  responded  negatively  to the aplication  of 5 percent of ferric ammonium sulphate  while the other eight species responded positively.
ANATOMI KAYU GAHARU (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) DAN BEBERAPA JENIS SEKERABAT Y I Mandang; Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 20, No 2 (2002): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2002.20.2.107-126

Abstract

Anatomical characteristics of five "gaharu " wood species, Aquilaria malaccensis. Aetoxyl­ sympetalum. Gonystylus bancanus, Gonystylus macrophyllus, and Gyrinops versteeghii were described and compared, to find out how to identify and differentiate gaharu wood by their taxa. The knowledge of the difference between Aquilaria malaccensis, which has been listed in Appendix II CITES. from other gaharu wood that have not been listed, would be advantages in supporting the conservation of A. malaccensis as well as in promoting the utilization of the other gaharu wood species.The result of study indicated that all gaharu wood examined have several same features: 1) fibers with distinctly bordered pit at radial face and tend to be arranged in two series: 2) intervessel pit small, .4-7 microns: 3) rays of commonly uniseriate. Both Aquilaria malaccensis and Gyrinops versteeghii have included phloem, while the other three gaharu wood species do not contain included phloem. Aquilaria malaccensis that has been listed in Appendix II CITES could be differentiated from Gyrinops versteeghii based on vessel characteristics. aquilaria malaccensis has medium vessel diameter, 100-200 microns, frequency less than 10 vessels per sq. mm. and radial multiples of 2-4 cells. Gyrinops versteeghii has moderately small vessel diameter, less than 100 microns, frequency more than 10 vessels per sq. mm, and radial multiples of 2 -6 cells.Aetoxylon sympetalum and Gonystylus spp. are together characterized by the presence of aliform and confluent parenchyma and the occurrence of prismatic and styloid crystals in ray tissue. The presence of very thick walled fibers and rays of 1-2 to 3 seriate wide, could be used to differentiate Actoxylon sympetalum from Gonystylus spp. The latter have fibers of medium thickness and rays of commonly uniseriate.
ANATOMI SEMBILAN JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL DARI SUKU MELIACEAE (Wood anatomy of nine lesser known species of meliaceae family) Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 3 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.3.92-100

Abstract

Gross and anatomical features of nine lesser known species of the Meliaceae family were observed and described for identification purposes. Fiber dimension were also measured for evaluation of their quality.Five out of nine species observed have decorative appearance, they are: Azadirachta indica, Dysoxylum acutangulum, Dysoxylum caulostachyum, Toona celebica and Toona sinensis. These wood species are therefore recommended for furniture or panelFor identification purposes, several important features, were noted : a) vessels ring poreus in Melia dubia, Toona celebica and Toona sinensis , b) fiber septase in Agalia eusideroxylon, Amoora rubiginosa, Dysoxyluni. acutangulum and Dysoxylum caulostachyum; c).roy homocelular in Aglaia eusideroxylon and Azadirachta indica.Seven species contain fiber with medium qualily for pulp making purposes. Two species contain fiber wilh low quality. No single species contain fiber with high quality.
ANATOMI DELAPAN JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL DARI SUKU FLACOURTIACEAE SAMPAI JUGLANDACEAE (Wood anatomy of eight lesser known wood species of Flacouriiaceae to Juglandaceae) Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 1 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.1.31- 45

Abstract

Gross and anatomical features of eight lesser known wood species  belongs to 5 families from Flacourtiaceae to Juglandaceae were observed and described for  identification purposes. Fiber dimension were also measured for  evaluation of their suitability for pulp.  Septate fibers, vessels in radial multiples. some ray longitudinallyfused are the main characters of Homalium and   Trichadenia    (Flacourtiaceae).    Bucklandia    and    Distylium    (Hamamelidaceae)   are characterized by small and polygonal vessel,  scalariform perforation plate, and disjunctive end wall at upright ray cells. Urandra and Platea (Icacinaceae) are characterized by two type of ray  width, fibers  with  distinctly bordered pit,  scalariform  perforation  plate.and  yellowish  wood colour.  Four  species  contain    fibers   with  medium  quality for  pulp   (Engelhardtia  spicata, Bucklandia triscuspis,  Platea  latifolia,   and  Trichadenia  philippinensis).  The rest four  species contain fibers  with poor  quality.  Trichadenia  philippinensis  is the only one among eight wood species examined which has decorative  appearance  :  moderatelyfine  texture,  bright yellow  in colour and considerable high density. It is thereforepossible  to be used as "ramin" substitute.Key words:   wood anatomy,  identification, Flacourticeae, Juglandaceae.
ANATOMI DAN KUALITAS SERAT KAYU Sissi Artistien; Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 20, No 3 (2002): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2002.20.3.243-247

Abstract

Since 1998. Indonesia has been importing wood items in shapes and species from other countries. This situation should not happen if we were able to use local wood species optimally. Wood anatomy of Hibiscus macrophyllus and Artocarpus horridus have been described for identification purposes and evaluation of the appropriate uses.Several particular important features for identification have been observed, as follows : (a) axialparenchyma diffuse in aggregates in Hibiscus macrophyllus. and axial parenchyma aliform in Artocarpus horridus, (b) Ray and fibers storied in Hibiscus macrophyllus and helical thickenings in ground tissue fibers in Artocarpus horridus. (c) mineral inclusions present in Hibiscus macrophyllus in the form of prismatic crystals and druses.The effect of height (upper. middle, and bottom trunks) and distance from the pith (core of the trunk) was significant on fiber dimensions of Hibiscus macrophyllus and Artocarpus horridus. However, such interaction did not bring about significant effect on the fiber wall thickness. About fiber length, it decreased with height levels from the bottom toward the top portion of trunk. Meanwhile, the fiber length increased from the pith toward the portion adjacent to the bark.The relationships between distance from the pith (X) and fiber length (Y) of Hibiscus macrophyllus can be described in three regression equations, as follows: Y = 749 + 1896X + 998X2, R1= 0.4505 (top portion), Y = 664 + 2419X - 1410X2, R2 0.4729 (middle portion), and Y= 1431 + 430X 270X - R1 - 0.0249 (bottom portion). likewise, the corresponding three regression equations for Artocarpus horridus are Y 1177 + 1537X - 927X2 R2- 0.2538 (top portion), Y - 1037 + 1207X - 314X2,R2 0.5519 (middle portion), and Y = 1480 + 969X 674X2, R2= 0.0625 (bottom portion).The fibers of Hibiscus macrophyllus and Artocarpus horridus have a medium quality. These species are therefore suggested for pulp and paper. Hibiscus macrophyllus is suggested too for light construction and mebel.
PENCARIAN PENGGANTI KAYU JELUTUNG (Dyera spp.) UNTUK BAHAN BAKU BATANG PENSIL Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 6 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.6.211-230

Abstract

The importance of suitable wood for pencil slat is primarily for school children under eight years old who still not have sufficient skill in taking care themselves from the danger of using sharp tools. Jelutung wood has been the main source of pencil slat in Indonesia for about 20 years. It can easily be peeled with pencil sharpener specially designed for children usage. However, the supply of jelutung wood is no longer sufficent to meet the rising demand of pencil slat. It is therefore necessary to search for alternative.Experiment with pulai (Alstonia spp) which has nearly the same physical properties with jelutung showed lower pencil quality. Pencils made of pulai are generally more difficult to peel with pencil sharpener. The main cause lies in the anatomical structure of wood. Parenchyma distribution patterm in pulai are tangentially banded, with frequency ranges from 1 - 4 bands per mm radially. Parenchyma distribution pattern in jelutung are scalariform or diffuse in agregate, forming short tangential lines between the rays, with frequency ranges from 6 - 9 lines per mm radially.Bayur (Pterospermum spp) is known to has parenchyma distribution pattern similar to jelutung 's. Experiment with P.celebicum, P.elongatum, P.javanicum and P.diversifolium with sample specific gravity up to 0.50 showed easy peelability. Morever the colour of wood is pink to red brown so it does not need staining with colour substance as usually being done for jelutung and pulai. It is therefore recommeded to use bayur as jelutung substitute in pencil manufacturing. However, to guarantee the continuity of supply, bayur is need to be planted from now on. For bayur is suitable, not only for pencil slat but also for many other purposes.Key words : Pterospermum. wood anatomy, pencil slat
Co-Authors Bambang Wiyono Barly Barly D Martono Nenny S Sudarna Nenny Sumarliaai Sissi Artistien Sri Rulliaty M Usep Sudardij