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Politik Hukum Perlindungan Sumber Daya Genetik Untuk Pemanfaatan Obat-Obatan Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia Yovita Indrayati
JURNAL HUKUM, POLITIK DAN KEKUASAAN Vol 1, No 2: Februari 2021
Publisher : Soegijapranata Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/jhpk.v1i2.3142

Predicate as one of mega biodiversity countries refers to the fact that Indonesia is a country that is rich in potential genetic resources. The genetic resources include not only plants but also animals and microorganisms. Besides meeting food needs, the genetic resources also have important benefits for the development of medicines, both traditional and modern. The medicinal benefits of genetic resources, mainly plants, have been taken advntage of the people in various regions in Indonesia. This can be seen when Covid19 pandemic hit the world, including Indonesia. the consumption of herbal medicines has increased quite sharply. Each region in Indonesia has its own type of local plants that can increase human body stamina against Covid19. The existence of the pandemic necessarily makes Indonesia more aware of the rich diversity and genetic resource’s benefits for society welfare. On the other hand, however, Indonesia faces challenges related to the biotechnology development as well as biopiracy problems of genetic resources utilization. Therefore, protection on genetic resources is a necessity and should become an important matter for Indonesia. This paper is a conceptual study that will describe how to protect genetic resources, especially for the use of medicine, in the Indonesian legal system, which reflects the politics of law in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis, the commitment of The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia is still weak in the formation of laws protecting genetic resources in Indonesia. However, Indonesia has a commitment to international agreements by becoming a party and ratifying the CBD, 1992; Cartagena Protocol, 2000 and Nagoya Protocol, 2011.

Implementation of Provisions on the Rights of Women Nurses Working in Hospitals Based on Human Rights Review Aprilia Ninda Giasma; Edward Kurnia; Yovita Indrayati
SOEPRA Vol 7, No 1: Juni 2021
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/shk.v7i1.1989

Abstract: One of the health workers is nurses who have the rights as workers and as nurses. The rights that must be fulfilled as nurses and workers are prohibition against labour, protection of female workers at night, menstruation leave, maternity and maternity leave, miscarriage leave and breastfeeding rights, but the implementation has not been carried out optimally.This research is a sociological juridical study with qualitative descriptive research specifications. The study was conducted at the emergency department and hospital inpatient installations. The method of data collection is done by observation and interviews and literature studies to obtain the data needed.The results of the research in the two hospitals showed that the rights of female nurses as workers were contained in company regulations and employment agreements, whereas as a profession there were nurses by-laws and clinical privileges. The regulation of women's nurses' rights is contained in the Labor, Health and Nursing laws. In the implementation of these rights, namely the right of maternity leave and childbirth, the provision of wages during leave and protection of female nurses who work at night and work facilities according to standards have not been carried out optimally. The work agreement does not fulfil one of the legal requirements of the agreement, namely the halal cause and for the company regulation applies the superior lex principle derogate lege inferiori. Factors that influence the implementation of provisions in the form of inhibiting and supporting factors.Keywords: Implementation, Nurse Rights, Women, Human Rights Abstrak: Tenaga kesehatan salah satunya yaitu perawat memiliki hak sebagai pekerja dan sebagai perawat. Hak yang harus dipenuhi sebagai perawat dan pekerja yaitu larangan phk, perlindungan pekerja perempuan pada malam hari, cuti haid, cuti hamil dan melahirkan, cuti keguguran dan hak menyusui, namun dalam pelaksanaannya belum terlaksana secara optimal.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis sosiologis dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di instalasi gawat darurat dan instalasi rawat inap rumah sakit. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara serta studi kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data yang dibutuhkan.Hasil penelitian di kedua rumah sakit didapatkan hasil bahwa hak – hak perawat perempuan sebagai pekerja terdapat di dalam peraturan perusahaan dan perjanjian kerja, sedangkan sebagai profesi terdapat di nurse by laws dan clinical privilage. Pengaturan hak perawat perempuan terdapat pada undang – undang tentang Ketenagakerjaan, Tenaga Kesehatan serta Keperawatan. Dalam implementasi hak – hak tersebut yaitu hak cuti hamil dan melahirkan, pemberian upah selama cuti dan perlindungan terhadap perawat perempuan yang bekerja pada malam hari serta fasilitas kerja sesuai standar belum terlaksana secara optimal. Pada perjanjian kerja tidak memenuhi salah satu syarat sahnya perjanjian yaitu kausa yang halal serta untuk peraturan perusahaan berlaku asas lex superior derogat lege inferiori. Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi ketentuan berupa faktor penghambat dan pendukung.Kata kunci: Hak Perawat, Perempuan, Hak Asasi Manusia

Semarang City Government Policy on Medical Waste Management of Dental Clinics and Independent Practicing Dentists Pascalin Fiestarika Indraswari; C. Tjahjono Kuntjoro; Yovita Indrayati
SOEPRA Vol 7, No 1: Juni 2021
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/shk.v7i1.3349

Abstract: The number of dental clinics and dentist independent practices in Semarang city has increased every year. This also increases the potential production of the dental health care waste. They could potentially harm the health care personnel, patients, and also the environment because of their harzardous nature. Therefore, Semarang City Government’s role in regulating and making policies is crucial. This study will not just analyze Semarang City Government policies in managing health care waste in dental clinics and independent dentist practices, but also identify the factors that support or inhibit the implementations.This research was held in Semarang City using sociological juridical approach and presented descriptively and analytically. Primary data was collected through observation and interviews. Secondary legal data is obtained by collecting legal and non-legal theories. In addition, the authors also assess all regulations and policies from central to local governments that are relevant to this topic. The research sample was taken from clinics that run dental services and independent dentist pravtices in Semarang city. The sample was determined by purposive sampling and analyzed qualitatively through analytical naration, graphs and tables.The policies regarding dental health care waste managements in Semarang City are found in the standard operational procedure of licensing. The procedures are held in publishing the operational license for clinics and the professional license for dentists. From a juridical point of view, a legal vacuum regarding obligation of environmental document and overlapping guidelines in both of ministry’s regulation impact both of health care facilities carry out the procedure inappositely. The local government should publish the local guidelines, form letters, or decrees as a quick alternative way to suspend those juridical inhibitions. The licensing procedures act as a sociological support factor for clinic and independent dentist practices to renew their mou with the third parties every year. The lack of knowledge about health care waste ministry’s guidelines inhibit the implementations in those facilities. PDGI Semarang could tahe the role in educating their peers through local seminars or as a material to be discussed at their regular meeting. Technically, the absence of temporary storage and cold srorage make the health care waste unsave to be kept. It is also quite expensive for dentists having cooperation personally with legal third parties. Regarding to these factors, it is wise for local government start planning to build their own hazardous waste management center.Keyword: Policies, Health care waste, Dental service, Clinic, Dentists Abstrak: Potensi produksi limbah medis meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah fasilitas pelayanan kesgilut di kota Semarang. Jika tidak dikelola dengan benar, tentu akan berisiko menyebarkan infeksi dan mencemari lingkungan hidup. Pengelolaan limbah medis tidak hanya berkaitan dengan kesehatan dan teknis lingkungan, tetapi juga regulasi yang berlaku. Oleh karena itu, peran Pemkot Semarang sebagai regulator menjadi penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Semarang, pelaksanaan pengelolaan, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat di klinik dan dokter gigi praktik mandiri.Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode yuridis sosiologis dan dipaparkan secara deskriptif analitis. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui studi lapangan dengan cara observasi dan wawacara. Data hukum sekunder diperoleh penulis melalui studi pustaka dengan mengumpulkan teori hokum, regulasi dan kebijakan pemerintah pusat hingga daerah yang relevan, sistem pelayanan kesehatan gigi mulut, serta teknis lingkungan. Sampel penelitian diambil secara purposive dari populasi klinik yang menjalankan pelayanan kesgilut serta dokter gigi praktik mandiri di Kota Semarang. Data penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif dan dijelaskan melalui narasi analitis, diagram, dan tabel.Secara umum, kebijakan Pemkot Semarang dalam pengelolaan limbah medis ditemukan di tingkat klinik maupun dokter gigi praktik mandiri. Kebijakan Pemkot Semarang ada dalam bentuk SPO penerbitan izin operasional klinik dan surat izin praktik dokter gigi. Namun, implementasinya terhambat karena terdapat overlapping dari isi pedoman KLHK dengan Kemenkes, serta adanya kekosongan hukum dalam perda lingkungan terkait kategori kepemilikan dokumen lingkungan. Diskresi yang diberikan untuk klinik menjadi tidak tepat karena ada amanah regulasi yang belum terpenuhi. Surat edaran atau surat keputusan Walikota dapat diterbitkan sebagai langkah cepat dalam menyelesaikan hambatan yuridis ini. Pemkot Semarang telah memberikan paksaan administratif bagi klinik berupa kewajiban memiliki dokumen lingkungan dan dokumen kerja sama dengan pihak ketiga. Namun implementasinya di klinik masih menemui hambatan yakni waktu pengangkutan limbah medis oleh pihak ketiga belum sesuai ketentuan. Ketersediaan TPS berizin dan cold srorage di klinik menjadi solusi praktis dari hambatan ini. Pemkot Semarang masih menghimbau dokter gigi praktik mandiri untuk bekerja sama dengan pihak ketiga. Biaya kerja sama dengan pihak ketiga yang relatif mahal menyebabkan dokter gigi enggan bekerja sama. Akan lebih baik jika Pemkot Semarang membangun fasilitas pengelolaan limbah medis untuk mengelola hasil limbah medis yang dihasilkan di wilayahnya.Kata kunci: Kebijakan, Limbah Medis, Kesgilut, Klinik Gigi, Dokter Gigi

Implementation of Government Regulation Number 33 of 2012 concerning Exclusive Breastfeeding as a Form of Legal Protection for Babies Against the Promotion of Infant Formula Milk in Palembang City Anastasya Megasstuti Gunadi; Endang Widyorini; Yovita Indrayati
SOEPRA Vol 4, No 2: Desember 2018
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Exclusive Breast Milk became the important programs prioritized by the Government with the Government Regulation Number 33 the Year 2012 about giving breast milk exclusively, in which the Government bans activities deemed to inhibit Exclusive breast feeding program, in particular, the promotion of baby formula. The purpose of this research is to know the implementation of government regulations Number 33 the Year 2012 of Exclusive breast feeding as a form of legal protection for infants against the promotion of baby formula in Palembang; restricting factor and factor endowments as well as the responsibility of the Government of the city of Palembang in the implementation of government regulations Number 33 Year 2012 of Exclusive breast feeding as a form of legal protection for infants against the promotion of baby formula in the city of Palembang.In this study, the author uses empirical juridical approach/sociological. This research is a descriptive analytic study. The analysis used in the study of qualitative analysis. Method of data collection used is through fieldwork using interviews and observations as well as through the study of librarianship by way of reading, collecting and studying as well as understand the source library.The results of this study are: (1) the implementation of PP No. 33 Year 2012 of Exclusive breast feeding has not been run with optimal in providing legal protection for infants against the promotion of baby formula in Palembang (2) supporting factors in the implementation of the Government Regulation No. 33 Year 2012 of Exclusive breast feeding as a form of legal protection for infants against the promotion of baby formula in Palembang is a city of Palembang has had local regulations Exclusive Breast Milk that is governing local regulations No. 2 the year 2014 of Exclusive breast feeding. While the factors restricting among other social and cultural factors in the community, working mothers, a lack of manpower counselors trained in hospitals (3) The responsibility of the Government of the city of Palembang Area Regulations run number 2 Year 2014 of Exclusive breast feeding as a follow-up of the Government Regulation (PP) number 33 Year 2012 of Exclusive breast feeding and run the application of sanctions a firm and tangible for those who violate and inhibit Exclusive breast feeding.

Application of Risk Management and Patient Safety to Ensure Legal Protection for Patients and Health Personal Services in General Hospital of Abepura City of Jayapura Hendrik William Rumbewas; Yovita Indrayati; Hadi Sulistyanto
SOEPRA Vol 4, No 2: Desember 2018
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/shk.v4i2.1498

The problem in this study is how to regulate and apply Risk Management and Patient Safety to ensure Legal Protection for Patient and Healthy Person at Abepura General Hospital, and what obstacles faced by Hospital in arranging and implementing Risk Management to ensure legal protection seen from involvement legal rules and technical aspects such as human resources, culture, politics, facilities and others. The purpose of the study is to obtain a description of the application, arrangement, and barriers pelksanaan Risk Management and Patient Safety to ensure the Legal Protection for Patients and Health Personnel at Abepura General Hospital, which is viewed from the side of involvement of the rule of law and the technical side such as human resources, culture, politics, facilities, and others.This research is an analytical, descriptive legal research, with the approach of Sociological Juridical, this research examines the problem of applying risk management and patient safety in giving legal protection to patient and health worker. To answer the problem, secondary date, primary date, and tertiary date are needed. Secondary date in the form of primary date collected through field study and secondary date collected by library study So the results of the study obtained on setting the hospital's internal rules in the form of hospital by low and operational standards used in hospitals has not functioned as a legal tool used to minimize the risk if there is a problem in RSUD Abepura, because the device rules still need penyempunaan material with takes a long time and adjusted to the ability and state of the hospital. Thus the form of risk must always be guarded by active regulatory oversight in providing periodic evaluations and monitoring. Implementation of risk management has not become a legal tool in use in supporting the Abepura Regional General Hospital service and has not become a key regulation in ensuring patient safety. Therefore, the local regulations are the basis of the guidelines in performing services to ensure patient safety and protect patients and health workers. So it has not yet illustrated the relationship between the implementation of risk management and patient safety due to the level of compliance with existing regulations and resulted in the form of misunderstanding between the patient, the patient's family, and the health worker. Obstacles to the implementation of risk management regarding the Normative side of the hospital has not understood the contents of regulations and policies on Patient Safety and not by the policy for patient safety cases in the hospital. From the technical side includes the function of coordination of service duties associated with several factors such as supporting facilities such as skilled health officers who supported facilities in the form of complementary facilities such as buildings and medical equipment which also become an obstacle in improving the quality of services in tunjang also with allocation funds that are not in accordance with the needs of the hospital, so that the escort to risk has not yet disputed the dispute between the patient and the health worker.

Utilization Of Midwives As Health Workers of Public Health Center In Implementing The Policy Of Nutrition Improvement Efforts For Balita at Central Buton Regency of Southeast Sulawesi Province Asfira Sugiarto; Ch. Retnaningsih; Yovita Indrayati
SOEPRA Vol 4, No 1: Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

To utilize midwives as health workers was essential in rural communities sinceone of midwife’s duties was to carry out the care of balita (children under five). Themidwives had direct contact with the balita’s mothers, from pre‐natal phase to postnatal.They could be utilized to overcome malnutrition problems through thegovernment’s policy in accordance with the Article 26 paragraph (2) of the Act Nr. 36 of2009 on Health Affairs. This study applied socio‐legal studies approach using primary andsecondary data. The data gathering was conducted by having interviews with somesources and respondents beside having library and related documents studies. This studywas analytical‐descriptively written. The results showed that the Government of CentralButon Regency had not had a special regulation in relation with utilizing midwives toimplement the policy of nutrition improvement efforts. Nevertheless, the government ofCentral Buton Regency remained using the basic legal products that had been previouslyissued, namely Local Regulation of Central Buton Regency Nr. 12 of 2016 on Formation andComposition of Regional Devices of Central Buton Regency and Central Buton Regent’sRegulation Nr. 38 of 2016 regarding Position, Organizational Structure, Duties andFunctions and Administration of Health Office of Central Buton Regency. The healthworkers at the Wamolo, Rahia and Lakudo Public Health Centers (Puskesmas)experienced several obstacles in implementing nutrition improvement efforts for balitas,namely, among others, lack of budget provided by the local government (APBD),particularly the budget for nutrition, lack of midwives as the human resources andnutrition, inadequate health facilities and the existing roads that remained rocky andhard to travel.

Legal Protection for Nurses in Non Civil Servants in Health Centers in Langgudu Sub-District Bima Regency After the Enactment of Law Number 38 the Year 2014 Concerning Nursing Al Muhajirin; Tjahjono Kuntjoro; Yovita Indrayati
SOEPRA Vol 4, No 2: Desember 2018
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Local Government Clinic in Langgudu Subdistrict, Bima Regency, is one of the Government institutions that employ health and non-health workers. One of the health workers themselves is nurses. Nurses who practiced at the clinic have recruited both nurses who have the status of civil servants, impermanent officers, and voluntary nurses. The voluntary nurses who were recruited and appointed by the head of the clinic. On the other hand, the recruitment in the local government should comply with the legislation of the state civil apparatus. As the recruitment is not by the legislation of the state civil apparatus, it will have an impact on the legal protection for the nurses in a local government clinic. This research was done at a clinic in Langgudu subdistrict of Bima Regency using sociology juridical research method. The specification of the research was descriptive analytic using primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques used in the research was face to face interview, question draft distribution, and interview by phone. The Information or resource of this research was the head of the health official, heads of clinics in Langgudu subdistrict and the chairman of Indonesian National Nurses Organization of Bima Regency. Then, The respondents were the nurses who work at the clinic in Langgudu Subdistrict, either nurse who have the status of civil servant, local honorary workers or the voluntary nurses. The research result found that the regulation of employee appointment to work in a government institution was set in regent’s regulation number 15A about appointment guideline, placement, Dismissal, and honorary workers discipline of local government. In the regulation, the person who has authority in appointing the employees is the regent as the builder of the officers. In implementing of the regulation the head of the Clinic appointsnurse workers by himself to employ at the clinic. Thus, such things have already broken authority as leader of the institution in the sphere of local government as it is not by the rules of the Regent of Bima. Therefore, such appointments an obstacle in giving protection for voluntary Nurses because the process of appointment is not appropriate and breaking authority. As a head of clinics is not given authority and should not recruit or appoint the workers to employ at government institutions. The appointment of the workers shows that understanding of heads of clinics about management of the worker appointment at the clinics still lack, in addition to the absence of legislation regulations managing the volunteers so that it is an obstacle in providing legal protection for voluntary nurses who work in a clinic.

Legal Protection to General Practitioners Towards Authority Delegation of Medical Services Given by Medical Specialists in Emergency Unit of “Mitra Keluarga” Hospital Tegal Yanuar Arien Pradana; Tjahjono Koentjoro; Yovita Indrayati
SOEPRA Vol 5, No 1: Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Legal protection provided support and certainty for practitioners or doctors in carrying out their jobs according to service standard, competence and authority. However, the general practitioners who were on duty in the emergency units (ERs), in performing emergency services, we are often instructed by a medical specialist through telephone talk to perform medical actions as needed by the patients. The authority delegation, from a medical specialist to a general practitioner, could factually be full of potential errors whereas there had not been any legislation regulating such authority delegation. Therefore, it would possibly raise ethical and legal accountability matters for the general practitioners caused by the authority transfer between the physicians.This legal research was qualitative research applying analytic descriptive and socio-legal studies approaches, so the discussion covered legal aspects beside social aspects about authority delegation between the two types of practitioners or doctors at ER. The data gathered were both primary and secondary data by involving general practitioners working at the ER of “Mitra Keluarga” Hospital and medical specialists of the same hospital. Besides, the data were also got from the Hospital Director and the Chairman of the Medical Committee.There was no legislation regulating authority delegation of medical specialists to general practitioners so that the internal rules of “Mitra Keluarga” hospital did not regulate such authority delegation. Likewise, legal protection to general practitioners of the ER of “Mitra Keluarga” hospital had not been regulated in detail within the internal rules of “Mitra Keluarga” hospital. However, such legal protection could be attributed to all policies issued by the hospital, such as labour and operational standards applicated in the hospital. The authority delegation from a medical specialist to a general practitioner working at the emergency unit could be matched by authorization as applicable in civil law. Ethically and legally, any medical practice had an inherently legal liability to ensure the patient’s safety.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI TENAGA PERAWAT YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAKAN MEDIK DALAM RANGKA MENJALANKAN TUGAS PEMERINTAH TERUTAMA DIKAITKAN DENGAN PERATURAN MENTERI KESEHATAN NOMOR. 2052/MENKES/PER/X/2011 TENTANG PRAKTIK KEDOKTERAN DAN PELAKSANAAN PRAKTIK KEDOKTERA Edita Diana Tallupadang; Yovita Indrayati; Djoko Widyarto JS
SOEPRA Vol 2, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Setiap orang berhak untuk hidup sehat dan memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan yang aman, bermutu, dan terjangkau oleh masyarakat, sebagaimana tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 dan peraturan perundang-undangan lainnya. Tindakan medik merupakan salah satu bentuk pelayanan kesehatan yang harus dilakukan oleh yang berwenang sesuai yang diatur dalam peraturan dan Undang-Undang. Perawat dalam melakukan praktik keperawatan sekaligus menjalankan tugas pemerintah sering melakukan tindakan medik sehingga membutuhkan perlindungan hokum yang jelas. Perawat dalam melakukan tindakan medis mempunyai tanggungjawab hukum.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Penelitian yang bersifat deskriptf analisis ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Birobuli dan Puskesmas Tipo di wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kota Palu. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan narasumber yang terkait dengan permasalah yang diteliti, sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan/studi dokumen. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis secara kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perawat di Kota Palu yang melakukan praktik perawat sering melakukan tindakan medik yang sebenarnya bukan wewenang perawat seperti yang di atur dalam peraturan dan perundangundangan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dimana perawat yang melakukan tindakan medic tanpa ada pelimpahan secara tertulis dari dokter yaitu sebanyak 50%. Perawat yang melakukan tindakan medik dalam rangka menjalankan tugas pemerintah sangat rawan bersinggungan dengan hukum. Olehnya itu diharapkan agar pemerintah daerah/walikota segera menetapkan daerah-daerah yang tidak memiliki dokter atau daerah yang membutuhkan pelayanan kesehatan yang melebihi ketersediaan tenaga dokter agar perawat dapat mendapatkan perlindungan hukum yang jelas. Dan agar perawat yang melakukan tindakan medik dapat bertanggungjawab secara hukum maka dokter dalam melimpahkan kewenangan kepada perawat diharapkan dalam bentuk tertulis dan disertai dengan SOP yang jelas

MANFAAT BAGI INDONESIA SEBAGAI PIHAK PADA CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY DAN NAGOYA PROTOCOL DALAM MELINDUNGI SUMBER DAYA GENETIK DAN PENGETAHUAN TRADISIONAL Yovita Indrayati; Marsudi T.
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol 2, No 1 (2017): Bina Hukum Lingkungan
Publisher : Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Indonesia merupakan salah satu Negara terkaya dengan sumber daya genetik dan pengetahuan tradisional dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya genetik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan ketentuan hukum yang mengatur perlindungan sumber daya genetik beserta pengetahuan tradisional untuk menjaga kelestarian sumber daya genetik dan keadilan bagi masyarakat hukum adat dan masyarakat adat. Perlindungan atas sumber daya sumber daya genetik beserta hak masyarakat hukum adat dan masyarakat adat atas pemanfaatan sumber daya sumber daya genetik telah diatur di dalam sumber Hukum Internasional dan sumber hukum Nasional. Negara Indonesia telah menjadi pihak dan melakukan pengesahan atas konvensi Keanekaragamaan Hayati (Convention on Biological Diversity) dan Protokol Nagoya (Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization). Selain itu, Negara Indonesia telah menerbitkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan sumber daya genetik dan pengetahuan tradisional. Namun demikian, Negara Indonesia masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan implementasi perjanjian internasional dan peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut terutama yang berkaitan erat dengan perlindungan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya genetik beserta pengetahuan tradisionalnya serta keadilan bagi masyarakat hukum adat dan masyarakat adat

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