Articles
<![CDATA[PILKADA DAN MASA DEPAN PENGUATAN DEMOKRASI DI DAERAH ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 3, No 2: November 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Konstitusi ]]>
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<![CDATA[It should be admitted that in formal juridical point of view, the realization of practices of democracy at the local level cannot be separated from the implementation of the election of local heads. Since its implementation is still characterized by destruction of democracy values, the situation will influence the future democracy at local level. Therefore, it is necessary to take real actions to place the meaning of democracy in its proper tract in order to realize the development in local areas based on democracy. ]]>
<![CDATA[Pergeseran Delik Korupsi dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 25/PUU-XIV/2016 ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawan, Nalom]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 14, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.31078/jk1411
<![CDATA[Putusan MK Nomor 25/PUU-XIV/2016 mencabut frasa "dapat" dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) dan Pasal 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 juncto Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (UU Tipikor). Putusan MK ini menafsirkan bahwa frasa "dapat merugikan keuangan negara atau perekonomian negara" dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) dan Pasal 3 UU Tipikor harus dibuktikan dengan kerugian keuangan negara yang nyata (actual loss) bukan potensi atau perkiraan kerugian keuangan negara (potential loss). Dalam pertimbangannya, setidaknya terdapat empat tolok ukur yang menjadi ratio legis MK menggeser makna subtansi terhadap delik korupsi. Keempat tolok ukur tersebut adalah (1) nebis in idem dengan Putusan MK yang terdahulu yakni Putusan MK Nomor 003/PUU-IV/2006; (2) munculnya ketidakpastian hukum (legal uncertainty) dalam delik korupsi formiil sehingga diubah menjadi delik materiil; (3) relasi/harmonisasi antara frasa "dapat merugikan keuangan negara atau perekonomian negara" dalam pendekatan pidana pada UU Tipikor dengan pendekatan administratif pada Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan (UU AP); dan (4) adanya dugaan kriminalisasi dari Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) dengan menggunakan frasa "dapat merugikan keuangan negara atau perekonomian negara" dalam UU Tipikor.Constitutional Court Decision No. 25/PUU-XIV/2016 revokes the phrase "may" in Article 2 paragraph (1) and Article 3 of Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001 on the amendment of Law No. 31 of 1999 on Eradication of Corruption (Corruption Act). Decision of this Court interpreted the phrase "may be detrimental to the state finance or economy of the state" in Article 2 (1) and Article 3 of Corruption Act must prove real state financial losses (actual loss) not a potential nor estimated financial losses of the state (potential losses). In the consideration of the judgment, at least, there are four benchmarks that become the ratio legis of the Court to shift the substance of the offense of corruption. The Four benchmarks are (1) nebis in idem with the previous Constitutional Court ruling that is Constitutional Court Decision Number 003/PUU-IV/2006; (2) the emergence of legal uncertainty in the formal corruption offense that it is converted into material offense; (3) the relationship/harmonisation between the phrases "may be detrimental to the state finance or economy of the state" in the criminal approach on Corruption Law with an administrative approach to Law No. 30 of 2004 on Governmental Administration (UU AP); and (4) alleged criminalization of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) by using the phrase "may be detrimental to the state finance or economy of the state" in the Anti-Corruption Act.]]>
<![CDATA[HUBUNGAN PERUBAHAN STANDAR PORSI MAKAN DENGAN SISA MAKANAN PASIEN RUMAH SAKIT HOLISTIK TAHUN 2016 (STUDI SISA NASI PADA MENU MAKAN SIANG DIET HOLISTIK) ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>;
<![CDATA[Lestari, Yanesti Nuravianda]]>;
<![CDATA[Torina, Dian Titis]]>
<![CDATA[ GIZI INDONESIA Vol 40, No 1 (2017): Maret 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA ]]>
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<![CDATA[The high of plate waste in hospital showed the quality of food service that was not optimal. Purwakarta Holistic Hospital used small, medium, and lage portion standard in its food service still have problem such as the high of plate waste. The aim of this study was to understand the effect of meal’s portion standard changing on the plate waste of Holistic Hospital patients. Pre-experimental study using one group pre-post test design was done to 29 patients using convenient sampling technique.The changing of meal’s portion was done for rice from medium portion (150 g) to small (0.5 or 0.25 portion). Measurement of plate waste used weighing method. Data analysis used Wilcoxon test continued with Kendall-Tau correlation test. The results show that 65.5% of patients are 42-68 years old receiving positive diet and 34.5% are non-positive diets. At the beginning of diet, the plate waste of rice of all patients still high (27.4-64.9% waste of rice) and it significantly decrease after given in small portion, even though there are still 27.6% of patients with > 20% waste of rice. There are significant influence between the change in diet portion of patiens toward plate waste of rice (r=0.804; p<0.05). It can be concluded that the fewer portion are given to the patient’s, then plate waste will be getting smaller.]]>
<![CDATA[GRAF SIMETRI LEMAH ]]>
<![CDATA[Hariyanto, Susilo]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumanto, Y.D.]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 17 Issue 1 Year 2009 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[ABSTRAK-Diberikan suatu graf sederhana X dengan himpunan semua titiknya V(Y), himpunan semua garisnya E(X). Himpunan semua automorfisme pada graf X dinotasitan Aut X dan semua endomorfisme dinotasikan dengan End X. Dalam artikel ini, akan diidentifikasi apakah graf X merupakan graf simetri atau graf simeti lemah. Untuk mengidentifikasi diperlukan pumahaman tentang grup, semigrup, automorfisme dan endomorfisme dalam graf. Jika pada sembarang pasang titik x,y Є V(X), terdapat pemetaan f Є Aut X sedemikian hingga berlaku f(x) = y maka graf X dikatakan sabagai graf verteks-simetri, sedangkan jika berlaku pada sembarang garis pada X pada graf X dikatakan graf edge-simetri dan jika berlaku pada sembarang titik dan sembarang garis maka disebut graf simetri.  Jika pemetaan diambil dan End X maka graf simetri yang diperoleh adalah graf simetri yang diperlemah atau disebut graf simetri lemah. Kata kunci : autoformisme dan endoformisme pada graf]]>
<![CDATA[Does the Indonesian National Army develop democracy and human rights? a comparative perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Anwar, Anwar]]>;
<![CDATA[Salmah, Halimatus Khalidawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>
<![CDATA[ Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 32 No. 2 (2024): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.22219/ljih.v32i2.35017
<![CDATA[This study analyses the role of the TNI in the development of rule-of-law democracy and human rights. The study compares the approaches and challenges of strengthening democracy through military means with those of the US. Some of the questions addressed include the role of the TNI in the development of constitutional democracy and human rights in Indonesia and the comparative role of the TNI and the U.S. Armed Forces in supporting the principles of democracy and human rights. This research uses a comparative approach by comparing legal literature and case studies from Indonesia and the United States. This research shows that the TNI has an important role in building a democracy based on law and human rights in Indonesia. The United States military and the TNI have several key aspects to illustrate their respective strengths and challenges for comparison. First, regarding civilian control and political influence, the US Armed Forces have a more established system of civilian control and political separation than the TNI. Nevertheless, the TNI has shown significant progress in reducing its political influence and strengthening civilian control. Second, in human rights education and training, the US Armed Forces generally have a more structured and tested system of human rights training and supervision compared to the TNI, which is still in the process of strengthening. Third, in oversight and accountability, the US Armed Forces generally have more structured and effective oversight and accountability mechanisms than the TNI. However, significant efforts have been made in Indonesia to improve these systems. Both countries have their strengths and weaknesses, but it is important to recognize the achievements and efforts of both.]]>
<![CDATA[Penataan Peraturan Desa dalam Sistem Peraturan Perundang-undangan ]]>
<![CDATA[Sirajuddin, Sirajuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>
<![CDATA[ Legal Spirit Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Legal Spirit ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pascasarjana Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Widya Gama Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31328/ls.v8i2.6326
<![CDATA[Villages have actually been existing before the Republic of Indonesia was established, but in the journey of this Republic of Indonesia, they are often intentionally designed by the law-forming state elite. One of the main causes for the presence of the various portraits of the marginalization is the absence of respect, protection and the fulfillment of village community autonomy in our Constitution that has been amended 4 (four) times. This directly implies on the obscurity of the existence and position of village regulation and legal products in executing village authority and autonomy. The present research is aimed at (1) explaining the existence and position of village regulation in various legal products arranging the hierarchy of regulations; (2) finding a design of the setting of existence and position of village regulation in the hierarchy of the regulations based on the recognition and subsidiary principles in the village community autonomy. A normative juridical with an analytic descriptive specification based on the legal history and statutory approach. The result shows that the existence of village regulations will be recognized and they will possess a binding power if they are formed on the basis of the instruction of the higher regulation or authority. The village regulations, however, are made to reinforce and guard the subsidiarity and recognition principles-based village autonomy. In order to arrange the existence and the position of village regulations in the system of regulation, further changes of the Constitution have to accommodate the arrangement of village community autonomy. The existence and position of village regulatios should be strengthened in the statutory system in order to guard and reinforce village autonomy so that villages become autonomous and may maintain their local wisdom, economic and ecological sustainability, and their local wisdom-based economic growth.]]>
<![CDATA[Deforestation Characteristics between 2006 and 2020 over Tropical Forest in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Segah, Hendrik]]>;
<![CDATA[Afentina, Afentina]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>;
<![CDATA[Aguswan, Yusuf]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ijg.90049
<![CDATA[Deforestation is reported to possess a vast and detrimental impact on the environment, economy, and social aspects of the community. In this context, the phenomenon should be assessed and analyzed to inform the decision-maker overseeing issued policy and development strategies. Therefore, this research aimed to characterize deforestation in Central Kalimantan between 2006 – 2020 using land cover map issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Changes in natural forest cover were calculated and analyzed using the Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) to determine trend, location, and land cover replacement of deforestation, reforestation, and degradation in Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. A series of Landsat images from 2000 to 2020 was used with a spatial resolution (30 m) and frequent revisit cycles. Additionally, the levels of forest loss, restoration, and degradation were accurately mapped by analyzing spectral bands and vegetation indices, providing valuable information for conservation efforts and other land-based policies. The results showed that Central Kalimantan lost 1.5 million ha of natural forest with a rate of deforestation of 117,000 ha/year from 2006 to 2020. Deforestation showed a decreasing trend and fluctuation in secondary swamps and dry forests located in the southern part of the island. This research could be used as a base to determine the target location for rehabilitation strategy to prevent further deforestation.Received: 2023-10-23 Revised: 2024-01-11 Accepted: 2025-01-24 Published: 2025-02-12]]>
<![CDATA[Building The Strengthening of Environmental Protection and Management In The Industrial Revolution-Era 4.0 ]]>
<![CDATA[Gunawan, Adi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nadir, Nadir]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>
<![CDATA[ SASI Volume 28 Issue 4, December 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura ]]>
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DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v28i4.1145
<![CDATA[Introduction: Environmental protection is no longer negotiable, in Indonesia and internationally the destruction of the environment due to mining and deforestation has reached an alarming threshold and threatens the lives of future generations. The actions that have been taken and the existence of institutions / organizations in the field of environment are not able to make a maximum contribution to environmental protection.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this research is to find a concept of strengthening environmental protection that is more effective and efficient and can be applied in preventing massive environmental damage both on a national and international scale and efforts to rehabilitate environmental damage that can be carried out by local communities with government support in the future, especially in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0.Methods of the Research: This research is a qualitative research that examines legal policies (normative legal research) related to the environment. The data used is secondary data in the form of literature from the opinions of experts as well as the results of previous studies relevant to the topic of the problem. The collected data is grouped according to the stages and systematics of research and the flow of discussion then analyzed by providing explanations that are strengthened by theories from legal experts, especially in the environmental field.Results of the Research: Strengthening environmental protection and management in the industrial era 4.0 can be done in two ways, namely: (1) strengthening the role of the community initiated and fully supported by the government by making the community a partner in environmental management (2) Institutional strengthening in environmental protection and management, namely by making customary / community institutions as one of the main elements in policies related to the environment.]]>
<![CDATA[Facing Digital Age: Should the Regional Regulation Be Made Digitally? ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>;
<![CDATA[Sirajuddin, Sirajuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Al Fatih, Sholahudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jambura Law Review VOLUME 7 NO. 1 JANUARY 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Gorontalo ]]>
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DOI: 10.33756/jlr.v7i1.27111
<![CDATA[In forming a Regional Regulation, the Regent must interact formally with the Governor and the Ministry of Law and Human Rights through a facilitation and consultation evaluation mechanism. Providing recommendations for assessing draft regional regulations can confuse those proposing them because suggestions for improvements between the Governor and the Ministry of Law and Human Rights are not well coordinated and are carried out manually. This research aims to find a solution by optimizing coordination methods with digital application networks, especially in establishing regional regulations so that they occur quickly and accurately. This research will later be carried out using an empirical juridical approach, where researchers will delve more into primary data by discovering countless realities in the field regarding the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of evaluations by the Governor and the Ministry of Law and Human Rights during the implementation of the assessment of draft regional regulations. This research shows that coordination between the Governor and the Ministry of Law and Human Rights needs to be carried out jointly based on an agreement in evaluating regional regulation proposals so that assessments are distinct. To make this process runeffectively and efficiently, it is better to do it online via a digital application.]]>
<![CDATA[PENINGKATAN KINERJA BUMDES BANGLIAWAN MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN DI BIDANG SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN PENCATATAN AKUNTANSI ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatkhurohman, Fatkhurohman]]>;
<![CDATA[Anggarani, Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Puspitosarie, Endah]]>
<![CDATA[ Prosidia Widya Saintek Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Widyagama Malang ]]>
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<![CDATA[BUM Desa Bangliawan didirikan berdasarkan musyawarah desa yang kemudian hasil musyawarah tersebut ditetapkan dengan Peraturan Desa yang bergerak dalam 3 unit usaha, yaitu unit usaha pengelolaan air desa, unit usaha pujasera dan unit usaha ketahanan pangan. Dalam kegiatannya, BUM Desa Bangliawan tidak hanya berorientasi pada keuntungan keuangan, tetapi juga berorientasi untuk mendukung peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa serta mengembangkan unit usaha dalam mendayagunakan potensi ekonomi di Desa Mangliawan. Sistem Informasi Akuntansi juga sangat diperlukan dalam pengelolaan BUM Desa Bangliawan, yang bermanfaat juga untuk meningkatkan pengendalian internal, mengamankan  aset yang ditanamkan pada BUM Desa, supaya benar benar berfungsi untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat desa serta dapat meningkatkan kinerja BUM Desa itu sendiri. Apabila pengendalian internal pada BUM Desa lemah, akan dapat mengakibatkan anggota atau karyawan memiliki kesempatan untuk melakukan kecurangan yang tentunya merugikan BUM Desa tersebut. Selain SIA, aspek akuntansi juga merupakan hal penting pada BUM Desa Bangliawan untuk bisa menghasilkan proses pencatatan transaksi yang benar, proses pengklasifikasian, dan proses penyajian serta pelaporan keuangan yang sesuai dengan Standar Akuntansi Publik.]]>
