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Peran Aromatase Inhibitor pada Pasien Resisten Clomiphene Citrate Noor Pramono
Medica Hospitalia : Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Med Hosp
Publisher : RSUP Dr. Kariadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.747 KB) | DOI: 10.36408/mhjcm.v3i2.214

Abstract

Latar belakang : Penyebab anovulasi oleh WHO diklasifikasikan menjadi 3 kategori berdasar tempat lesinya. WHO tipe 2 (normogonadotropic hypogonadism), paling banyak menjadi penyebab anovulasi, dan paling sering oleh karena PCOS. Induksi ovulasi yang digunakan adalah clomiphene citrate, sebagai lini pertama terapi; dan bila resisten, gagal, dilanjutkan dengan terapi alternatif. Resisten clomiphene citrate (resisten CC) adalah pasien yang gagal berovulasi setelah menerima 150 mg/hari atau 200 mg/hari selama 5 hari, atau tetap anovulasi setelah terapi CC standar (100 mg perhari untuk 5 hari selama 2-3 siklus). Terapi alternatif untuk pasien resisten-CC banyak cara, di antaranya adalah aromatase inhibitor (AI). Review ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari farmakologi, cara kerja, cara pemberian, keberhasilan, dan efek samping AI. Metode : Telaah pustaka Hasil : Generasi ke-3 AI adalah Exemestane, Letrozole (L), dan Anastrozole (A), untuk terapi kanker payudara. L dan A dikenal untuk induksi ovulasi. Induksi ovulasi dengan A 1 mg/hari atau L 2.5 mg/hari selama 5 hari mempunyai keberhasilan yang sama. Pemberian L pada hari ke 3–7 menstruasi, menghambat aromatase di ovarium,terjadi akumulasi androgen intraovarium, sekresi E2 ovarium tertekan akan mengurangi umpan balik negatif-estrogen pada hipothalamus dan pituitari. Terjadi peningkatan sekresi FSH dari pituitari anterior. Akumulasi androgen di dalam folikel akan meningkatkan sensitivitas folikuler terhadap FSH, folikulo genesis yang terjadi menghasilkan folikel multipel. Akhir fase folikuler, pengaruh AI menurun, dan kadar E2 meningkat, terjadi pertumbuhan folikel. Oleh karena AI tidak mempengaruhi pusat reseptor esterogen, kadar E2 yang meningkat berakibat umpan balik negatif normal pada sekresi FSH, folikel yang lebih kecil dari folikel dominan mengalami atresi, dengan hasil ovulasi monofolikuler. L tidak mempunyai efek samping anti estrogenik perifer, dan half-life 48 jam, obat hilang dari tubuh 10 hari setelah obat terakhir, sehingga jarang terjadi simtom antiestrogenik. Efek samping utama adalah hotflash, nyeri otot ringan, dan keluhan gastrointestinal. Terapi A dan L tidak didapati OHSS maupun kehamilan multipel. Tidak mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap endometrium maupun mukus serviks. Angka kehamilan dan angka kelahiran hidup cukup tinggi. Dengan L didapatkan untuk angka ovulasi 70-85%, kehamilan 20-27%, tidak menunjukkan adanya peningkatan risiko anomali fetal atau keluaran kehamilan yang merugikan. Angka kehamilan dan kelahiran hidup lebih tinggi daripada CC. Hasil meta-analisis menunjukkan bahwa L lebih unggul dari CC untuk terapi PCOS yang belum pernah menggunakan induksi ovulasi sebelumnya atau resisten CC. Tidak ada beda efektivitas dengan laparoskopi drilling ovarium. Simpulan : Salah satu terapi alternatifpasien resisten CC adalah dengan L 2,5 mg atau A 1 mg perhari pada hari ke 3-7 menstruasi. L dan A tidak berpengaruh negatif pada endometrium maupun mukus serviks, angka ovulasi 70-85%, kehamilan 20-27%, kelahiran hidup cukup tinggi, tidak meningkatan risiko anomali fetal, tidak didapatkan OHSS maupun kehamilan multipel.
THE INFLUENCE OF 10% TRICHLOROACETIC ACID ON COVERING OF TYMPANIC MEMBRANE PERFORATION WITHOUT BRIDGE Wahju Budi Martono; Jogjahartono -; Noor Pramono
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL & INTERNASIONAL 2008: CONTINUING MEDICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION (CMHE) | Peran Biomolekuler dalam Penegakan Diagnosis
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1080.221 KB)

Abstract

Background: Up to now, the covering of tympanic membrane perforation on human either or without operation has always been using the bridge. The covering of tympanic membrane perforation without operation by attempting epithelization of perforation edge which initially perform by injuring the perforation edge. The material that can be used to make the injuring is 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA). The covering of perforation without bridge was conductive on guinea pig and proven that spontaneous covering take place. And there for the covering of tympanic membrane perforation without bridge can also happened on human being, by making the injuring on the perforation edge using 10% TCA.Objective: The objective of the research to prove that application of 10% TCA on the edge of tympanic membrane perforation can cause the perforation covering although without using the bridge.Method: This is the experimental research using pre and post test design. The chronic tympanic membrane perforation patiens without infection with normal Eustachii tube function, the size of tympanic membrane perforation 25% were treated with 10% TCA application on their perforation edge every 2 weeks until the covering take place or maximal 5 times application if no covering take place. Measurement of perforation size was conducted prior to first application and after the treatment.Result: From 36 ears suffering chronic tympanic membrane perforation with normal Eustachii tube function and without infection with the size of perforation 25% were selected to the sample of the research. The perforation that can be covered after the treatment of 10% TCA application were higher in number than those were not covered (63,9%:39,1%).Conclusion: The application of 10% TCA on the edge of tympanic membrane perforation can cause perforation covering although without the use of bridge.Keywords: Tympanic membrane perforation, Trichloroacetic acid
Combination of Polythylene Tereftalat Nesting and Prone Position at the Standard Box Care to the Vital Signs and Length of Stay on the Low Birth Weight Babies Meli Deviana; Noor Pramono; Ari Suwondo
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): Online First
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-41269

Abstract

Background: The use of nesting and position prone facilitates Low Birth Weight Babies by conditioning it as in the mother's womb which aims to facilitate Low Birth Weight Babies in the development of physiological functions and achieve physiological function stability.Aims: This study aims to explain the effectiveness of design nesting with material polyethylene terephthalate and the position of prone with standard care using a box of baby warmers for the length of stay which is observed from the achievement of the stability of vital signs on LBW.Methods: This is a Quasi-Experimental Design study with non-equivalent control group design. The study population was all LBW treated in the Perinatal room with a sample of 36 LBW and consecutive sampling. This research was conducted in the Perinatal Room at RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati and RSUD Dr. R. Soetrasno Rembang. Statistical test for paired groups using Wilcoxon and for unpaired groups using Kruskall Wallis.Results: The combination of nesting polyethylene group with position prone achieved faster vital signs stability and shorter duration of treatment compared to the control group with p = 0.001 for temperature, respiration and oxygen saturation.Conclusions: The combination of polyethylene terftalat nesting and prone position is effective to reduce the duration of treatment duration, and may achieve the stability of vital signs of low birth weight infants. This intervention can be used as LBW care during hospital and home care. Keywords: Nesting, Position Prone, Polyethylene Tread, Length of Stay, Baby Vital Signs.
ROLE OF AMH, FSH, ANDROGEN AND ESTRADIOL AS MARKER OF PCOS FOLLICULOGENESIS: NARATIVE REVIEW Erna Yovi Kurniawati; Noor Pramono
An-Najat Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): November: An-Najat : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59841/an-najat.v3i4.3451

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) poses a significant challenge in reproductive medicine due to its complex aetiology involving hormonal dysregulation, metabolic perturbations, and genetic predispositions. Central to PCOS pathogenesis is the disruption of folliculogenesis, the process vital for female reproductive health, characterized by the formation of numerous small antral follicles that fail to mature properly. This narrative review explores the roles of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), androgens, and oestradiol as markers of PCOS folliculogenesis. AMH, prominently produced by granulosa cells, exhibits elevated levels in PCOS, contributing to excessive follicular recruitment and persistence. Dysregulation of FSH, androgen, and oestradiol further complicates follicular development, exacerbating PCOS-related abnormalities. Understanding the interplay between these markers is crucial for diagnosing and managing PCOS. However, challenges persist, including the lack of standardized serum AMH thresholds and technical limitations in testing methodologies. Further research is warranted to establish these thresholds and refine diagnostic approaches. Moreover, insights into hormonal mechanisms in PCOS folliculogenesis hold promise for developing targeted therapies to alleviate its impact on reproductive health.