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Aplikasi Pupuk Organik dan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat dan Aktivitas Mikroba Tanah Suliasih Suliasih; S Widawati; Agus Muharam
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v20n3.2010.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Pemanfaatan bahan organik untuk budidaya tomat dewasa ini difokuskan untuk menekan penggunaanbahan kimia yang berlebihan, sehingga kerusakan lingkungan dapat diminimalkan. Percobaan dilaksanakan di DesaCidawu, Cibodas, Cianjur (1.250 m dpl.), sejak Januari sampai Desember 2007. Pupuk organik yang digunakanyaitu kompos dan kotoran ayam + sekam, sedangkan pupuk hayati yaitu bakteri pelarut fosfat (phosphatesolubilizing bacteria = PSB). Tujuan percobaan adalah mendapatkan inokulan yang efektif untuk meningkatkanpertumbuhan dan hasil tomat, serta menstimulasi aktivitas mikroba dan enzim fosfatase di dalam tanah. Percobaanmenggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu tanpa pemupukan maupun inokulan (K),pemberian inokulan PSB (P1), pemberian kompos (P2), pemberian kotoran ayam+sekam (P3), dan pemberianpupuk kimia NPK (P4), masing-masing dengan tiga kali ulangan. Varietas tomat yang digunakan adalah Gondol.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik atau inokulan PSB dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhantanaman tomat dan hasil buahnya, serta populasi PSB dan aktivitas enzim fosfatase di dalam tanah. Pemberianinokulan PSB menghasilkan peubah tinggi tanaman tomat tertinggi (108,3 cm) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (72,3cm), dan meningkatkan hasil buah sebanyak 88,2% dibandingkan dengan kontrol, dan juga lebih tinggi daripadapemberian pupuk kimia NPK. Peningkatan tertinggi populasi PSB dan aktivitas enzim fosfatase asam serta basadalam tanah setelah panen tomat juga diperoleh dari pemberian inokulan PSB dibandingkan dengan perlakuanlain. Implementasi inokulan PSB dan pupuk organik secara meluas dalam pembudidayaan tomat diharapkandapat mendorong peningkatan produksi, produktivitas, dan mutu buah tomat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar.ABSTRACT. Suliasih, S. Widawati, and A. Muharam. 2010. The Application of Organic Fertilizers andPhosphate Solubilizing Bacteria to Increase the Growth of Tomato and Soil Microbial Activities. The use oforganic matters on tomato cultivation is focused to decrease the utilization of chemical substances for minimizingenvironmental degradation. An experiment was conducted at Cidawu Village, Cibodas, Cianjur (1,250 m asl.) todetermine the suitable and effective inoculant to increase the growth of tomato plants, and also to stimulate soil microbialactivities. The tomato variety used was Gondol. The organic fertilizers were compost, chicken dung plus rice husk,and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), as a biofertilizer. A randomized block design with three replications wasutilized in this experiment. The treatments consisted of without organic fertilizers or PSB (control) (K), inoculationof PSB (P1), application of compost (P2), (4) application of chicken dung plus rice husk (P3), and application of thechemical fertilizer (NPK) (P4). The results showed that the application of organic fertilizers and PSB increased thegrowth of tomato plants and also PSB population, acid, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the soil after harvesting.The inoculation of PSB resulted in heighest plant height (108.3 cm) compared to control (72.3 cm) and also thehighest tomato yield compared to the control treatment (88.2%), and even it was higher than the yield caused by theapplication of the chemical fertilizer. The highest increase of PSB population and the activities of acid and alkalinephosphatase enzymes in soil after harvesting was also caused by the application of the PSB inoculant compared to theother treatments. The applications of organic fertilizers and PSB for wide scale cultivation of tomato expectantly playan important role for increasing production, productivity, and quality of tomato to fulfill market demand for the product.
THE POPULATION OF NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA IN THE RHIZOSPHERE FROM GUNUNG HALIMUN NATIONAL PARK Sri Widawati; Suliasih Suliasih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 6 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i6.1075

Abstract

The biodiversity of nitrogen fixing bacteria (Rhizobium, Azotobacter and Azospirillum) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria in rhizosphere collected from Gunung Halimun National Park were studied.Bacterial population was counted from soil rhizosphere collected from various ecosystem types (determined based on elevation) namely 600 m, 1000 m, 1100 m, 1500 m and 1800 m above sea level.The results showed that the highest population of N-fixing and P solubilizing bacteria at Cikaniki (1100 asl) are founded in the plant rhizosphere of Schima wallichii in plot Suzuki A I and Altingia exelsa in Suzuki A III,at Gunung Botol area is in 1000 m asl,and Ciptarasa area is in 600 m asl.The population of N-fixing and P solubilizing bacteria at Gunung Halimun was influenced by the vegetation type, soil pH,and the elevation of area. Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum (N-fixing bacteria); Pseudomonas sp, and Bacillus megaterium (P solubilizing bacteria), are most dominant at 600 m, 1000 m and 1100 m asl.
BIODIVERSITAS Basidiomycetes DIKECAMATAN KELILA, KABUPATEN JAYAWIJAYA, PROVINSI PAPUA DAN MANFAATNYA SEBAGAI BAHAN MAKANAN DAN OBAT TRADISIONAL Hartati Imamuddin; Suliasih Suliasih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 6, No 5 (2003)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v6i5.1195

Abstract

Biodiversity of Basidiomycetes was studied in Kelila, Jayawijaya, Papua.The aim of this observation was to identify species diversity of Basidiomycetes and their utilities. Sixty one species were found in the location. The 19 species were edible mushroom while 7 species have been used as traditional medicines and some species have a common odours (smell) and 1 species (Clavatia sp.) contains clavatin which could be used as arm tumour agent.
KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM FOSFATASE TANAH DAERAH PERAKARAN TANAMAN OBAT DARI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS Suliasih suliasih
Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 3: Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jrl.v6i3.1943

Abstract

A study was undertaken to investigate to occurance of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere soil samples of medicine plants in Cibodas Botanical Garden. 13 soil samples of medicine plants are collected randomly The result shows that 71 isolates of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were isolated, and 10 species of these organism was identified as Azotobacter sp, Bacillus sp, Chromobacterium sp, C.violaceum, Citrobacter sp. , Enterobacter sp., E. liquefaciens. Nitrosomonas sp., Serratia rubidaea, Sphaerotillus natans. Azotobacter sp. And Bacillus sp. Are found in all of soil tested. Conversely, Serratia rubidaea is only in the sample from rhizosphere of Plantago mayor The activity of acid alkaline phosphatase in soil tested ranged from 0.78 – 60,18 ugp nitrophenole/g/h, with the higest values being recorded in soil sample from rhizosphere of “Lavender”.Keywords : phosphate solubilizing bacteria, soil enzyme phosphatase