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M. Herman
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar 3A, Bogor 16111
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Identitas dan Keragaman Genetik Begomovirus yang Berasosiasi dengan Penyakit Keriting pada Tomat Berdasarkan Teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) Tri Joko Santoso; Sri H. Hidayat; M. Herman; H. Aswidinnoor; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 4, No 1 (2008): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v4n1.2008.p9-17

Abstract

Begomoviruses, members of the Geminivirus,are considered as emerging plant viruses. This was due tothe increasing incidences and severities of the diseases in anumber of economically important crops, including tomato.Genetic diversities of the Begomovirus isolates infectingtomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) of several areas in Indonesiawere analyzed by using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)technique. A 1500 base pairs of PCR fragments amplified byusing degenerate primers for Begomovirus was digestedusing four restriction enzymes, i.e., DraI, EcoRI, RsaI, andPstI. The pattern of RE digested fragments of 8 Begomovirusisolates and the predicted RFLP fragments of the Begomovirusisolates in the GeneBank database were used to determinethe genetic identities and diversities among the isolates.Positive results of the PCR amplifications proved thatdiseased tomato plant samples collected from 8 locations inJava and Sumatra were infected with at least one Begomovirusisolate. The PCR amplification products, which weredigested using the four restriction enzymes indicated thepresence of polimorfisms among the DNA fragments of theBegomovirus isolates. Identifications of the Begomovirusindicated that the Brastagi, Bogor, Sragen, Ketep, and Boyolaliisolates were Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV); theisolates from Malang and Blitar isolates were AgeratumYellow Vein Virus (AYVV), while one isolate from Kaliurangwas Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV). Results of thephylogenetic analysis of the 8 Begomovirus isolates basedon Begomoviruses from the DNA database indicated thatthey belonged to three different groups.
Regenerasi Pepaya melalui Kultur In Vitro Diani Damayanti; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Ika Mariska; M. Herman
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 2 (2007): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n2.2007.p49-54

Abstract

A study was conducted in the Indonesian Center forAgricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Researchand Development to optimize papaya regeneration systemsthrough in vitro culture. Four steps were done, i.e., callusinduction, callus regeneration, root formation, and acclimatization.Explant materials used were immature embryos ofpapaya cv. Burung. Immature papaya embryos were culturedon different media. The best medium for embryogeniccallus development was ½ MS + 10 mg/l 2.4-D + 60% sucrose+ 143 mg/l adenine sulphate + 50 mg/l myo inositol +400 mg/l glutamine, while that for callus embryo regenerationwas MS + 0.5 mg/l GA3 + 0.1 mg/l kinetin + Morel andWetmore Vitamin. Using this medium, the average of shootformation was three shoots per explant of embriogeniccallus, and the percentage of regenerated callus was 80%.The color of shoot derived from this treatment was green.Eighty percent of plants formed a complete root developmentusing ½ MS + 0.5 mg/l paclobutrazol media. Media hullof rice and compost was the best medium for papaya plantacclimatization. The percentage of survival on that acclimatizationstep was 65%.
Sebelas Tahun Perkembangan Jagung Bt dan Statusnya secara Global M. Herman
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 2 (2007): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n2.2007.p73-79

Abstract

Major insect pests of corn are the Asiancorn borer, the European corn borer, and the corn rootworm. The value of crop losses due to the insect pests inAmerica is $2.6 billion, Asia $1.6 billion, Africa $0.8 billion,and Europe $0.6 billion. Prior to the use of Bt corn, farmersused a lot of insecticides to control the insect pests.Following introduction of the Bt corn in 1996, this crop hasbeen grown over 21 million hectares by millions of farmersfrom 13 countries in North America, Latin America, Asia,Africa and Europe. Globally, the farmers had been benefitedby grownt the Bt corn. The benefits varies, dependent oncountries and level of the corn borer infestations. In 2001,the US farmers gained $125 million benefit from growing thecrop. In 2002, farmers in Spain gained 11-15 million benefitfrom the Bt corn alone. During the period of 2003-2005, cornfarmers in the Philippines gained $8 million from the Bt corn.Bt corn has not been grown commercially in Indonesia,although Bt corn MON810 has been declared as save torelease in the environment by the Indonesian BiosafetyCommittee. In 2001-2002, farmers in South Sulawesi withhad grown Bt cotton, this was the first time Bt crop in thecountry since the placement and implementation of thebiosafety regulation by the Indonesian Government in 1998.
Co-Authors Diani Damayanti H. Aswidinnoor Ika Mariska Sri H. Hidayat Sudarsono Sudarsono Tri Joko Santoso