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Dampak Perubahan Harga Solar Terhadap Konsumsi Beras Rumah Tangga Petani Padi Adreng Purwoto; Pantjar Simatupang
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 14, No 1 (1995): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v14n1.1995.50-62

Diesel oil is one of strategic commodities which their price controlled by the Indonesian Government. The diesel oil price is adjusted periodically. The impacts of diesel oil price adjustment on the agricultural sector, however, has been practically neglected. In this study we analyze the impact of the January 1993 diesel oil price adjustment on rice consumption of rice farming households through both income (farming profit) and price channels, conducted in West Java, East Java and North Sumatra provinces. The analysis shows that the Government decision to increase diesel oil price by 26.67 percent in January 1993 reduced rice consumption by 13.26 percent, 12.35 percent and 10.09 percent in West Java, East Java and North Sumatra respectively. The main channel through which diesel oil price affects rice consumption is rice farming income.

Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Nilai Tukar Barter Sektor Pertanian Pantjar Simatupang
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 11, No 1 (1992): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v11n1.1992.37-50

This paper develops a theoretical framework for the dynamics of the agricultural barter terms of trade using both mathematical and graphical analysis. The analysis shows that the agricultural barter terms of trade tends declining as the economy growing. This declining trend is due to the fact that the demand for agricultural product is inelastic with respect to real income changes. The declining trend of the agricultural barter terms of trade is also generally enhanced by the government interventions which biased toward the production of agricultural product, consumers and industrial sector development. Moreover, the assymmetrical bargaining power between the agricultural and the non-agriculture sectors further induces the declining trend of the agricultural barter terms of trade.

Faktor-Faktor yang Menentukan Pemilihan Teknik Pengolahan Tanah pada Usahatani Padi Sri Hery Susilowati; Pantjar Simatupang
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 9, No 2 (1990): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v9n2.1990.67-76

The main objective of this paper is the examine the factor influencing tractor utilization in rice form study was conducted in four village of East Java in crop season 1988-1989. Based on the logit analyses, it was shown that the probability of farmer using tractor was significanly influenced by cropping intensity and the ratio of tractor rental value to holing wage. Moreover, the rental rate of tractor shows a positive impact to the probablity of adapting tractor.

Penentuan Ekonomi Skala Usaha dengan Fungsi Keuntungan: Landasan Teoritis dengan Contoh Fungsi Cobb-Douglas dan Translog Pantjar Simatupang
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 7, No 1 (1988): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v7n1.1988.1-16

EnglishUnderstanding the economic of scale is important in determining the efficient size of production. Economic of scale may be determined using production function, cost function, and profit function. The profit function which widely used for empirical study is the Cobb-Douglas profit function. But this functions is well known very restrictive. The translog profit function is a class of general function, but is rarely used to study the economic of scale. This paper presents a derivation of the criteria to determine economic scale for profit functions in general. The criteria, then, is used for Cobb-Douglas and translog profit functions. The criteria derived for the translog profit function is completely different from the one found in the existing literature. The criteria in the existing literature have many caveats. The criteria formula derived in this paper is very useful for empirical study and for correcting the existing formula. The criteria is used to study rice farming in irrigated low-land in West Sumatera. The finding shows that the rice farming is at increasing return to scale. The main source of the economics of scale is land.IndonesianPenentuan ekonomi skala usaha sangat penting untuk menetapkan skala usaha yang efisien. Ekonomi skala usaha dapat ditentukan dengan mempergunakan fungsi produksi, fungsi biaya dan fungsi keuntungan. Fungsi keuntungan yang banyak dipergunakan dalam studi skala usaha hingga saat ini adalah fungsi keuntungan Cobb-Douglas. Namun fungsi keuntungan ini bersifat membatasi. Fungsi keuntungan translog bersifat umum tetapi masih jarang dipergunakan dalam studi skala usaha. Studi literatur terbatas yang dilakukan penulis ditemukan satu penelitian empiris yang mempergunakan fungsi keuntungan translog untuk menentukan ekonomi skala usaha. Tulisan ini berhasil menurunkan kriteria umum penentuan skala usaha dengan fungsi keuntungan. Dengan kriteria umum tersebut diturunkan kriteria penetapan ekonomi skala usaha untuk fungsi Cobb-Douglas dan translog. Kriteria yang diturunkan untuk fungsi translog berbeda dengan yang terdapat pada literatur yang ada. Literatur tersebut terutama dalam tulisan ini sangat berguna untuk dipakai dalam penelitian empiris sekaligus memperbaiki rumus kriteria yang ada saat ini. Rumus tersebut cukup operasional untuk diterapkan. Rumus tersebut kemudian diterapkan untuk menganalisa usahatani padi di lahan beririgasi dataran rendah di Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani tersebut berada dalam penerimaan skala bertambah. Luas lahan garapan merupakan penentu utama ekonomi skala usaha.

Pengaruh Teknologi terhadap Perubahan Peranan Sektor Pertanian dalam Struktur Perekonomian Indonesia Pantjar Simatupang; nFN Supriyati; Sudi Mardianto
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 15, No 2 (1996): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v15n2.1996.1-20

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the pattern of Indonesia economic structural change and the roles of agricultural technology in affecting the pattern. The economic structure is measured with GDP and employment absorption shares composition by the economic sectors (agriculture, industry, and service). The direct impact of agricultural technology on the economic structure is evaluated with the supply side approach. The analysis is conducted with an econometric model using time series data of 1971-1991 period. The study shows that the pattern of Indonesian economic structural change is abnormal in the sense completely different from the experience of most developed countries. The economic structural change have been highly unbalanced, excessively burdened the agricultural sector with labor absorption. The study also shows that agricultural technology (measured with labor productivity) and real price are positively related with agricultural GDP share, but negatively related with the agricultural employment share. This explains why the directions of GDP shares is a contradictory with employment share. Accordingly the attempt to improve the pattern of economic structural change should be conducted with a multi sectoral policy package: increasing agricultural productivity and real price while increasing labor use intensity in the industrial sector.

Analisis Arus Dana Usaha Ternak Sapi Perah dengan Modal Pinjaman Kredit (Kasus di Cisarua, Bogor, Jawa Barat) Rosmijati Sajuti; Pantjar Simatupang; Erizal Jamal; Chairul Muslim
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 12, No 2 (1993): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v12n2.1993.66-77

The government policy on dairy development has been primarily focused on development of small scale dairy farming. One of the development instruments is the dairy credit scheme. Each recipient of these credit is provided with 1-2 dairy cows. This study is primarily intended to evaluate the economic viability of the credit scheme using a cash flow analysis in 7 years period. The study was conducted in Cisarua, Bogor in April-May 1992. The analysis shows that the surplus obtained from a dairy farm supported by one dairy cow credit is only sufficient to meet 33.7 percent of the farmers's family basic need. This indicates that a credit scheme with only one dairy cow is not sufficient to support a sustainable primary family dairy farming. The minimum credit package to support a sustainable dairy farming would be 3 cows for a family labor-using dairy farming and 5 cows for a hired labor-using dairy farming.

Analisis Arus Dana Usaha Ternak Sapi Perah dengan Modal Pinjaman Kredit (Kasus di Cisarua, Bogor, Jawa Barat) Rosmijati Sajuti; Pantjar Simatupang; Erizal Jamal; Chairul Muslim
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 12, No 2 (1993): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

The government policy on dairy development has been primarily focused on development of small scale dairy farming. One of the development instruments is the dairy credit scheme. Each recipient of these credit is provided with 1-2 dairy cows. This study is primarily intended to evaluate the economic viability of the credit scheme using a cash flow analysis in 7 years period. The study was conducted in Cisarua, Bogor in April-May 1992. The analysis shows that the surplus obtained from a dairy farm supported by one dairy cow credit is only sufficient to meet 33.7 percent of the farmers's family basic need. This indicates that a credit scheme with only one dairy cow is not sufficient to support a sustainable primary family dairy farming. The minimum credit package to support a sustainable dairy farming would be 3 cows for a family labor-using dairy farming and 5 cows for a hired labor-using dairy farming.

Pengaruh Teknologi terhadap Perubahan Peranan Sektor Pertanian dalam Struktur Perekonomian Indonesia Pantjar Simatupang; nFN Supriyati; Sudi Mardianto
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 15, No 2 (1996): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the pattern of Indonesia economic structural change and the roles of agricultural technology in affecting the pattern. The economic structure is measured with GDP and employment absorption shares composition by the economic sectors (agriculture, industry, and service). The direct impact of agricultural technology on the economic structure is evaluated with the supply side approach. The analysis is conducted with an econometric model using time series data of 1971-1991 period. The study shows that the pattern of Indonesian economic structural change is abnormal in the sense completely different from the experience of most developed countries. The economic structural change have been highly unbalanced, excessively burdened the agricultural sector with labor absorption. The study also shows that agricultural technology (measured with labor productivity) and real price are positively related with agricultural GDP share, but negatively related with the agricultural employment share. This explains why the directions of GDP shares is a contradictory with employment share. Accordingly the attempt to improve the pattern of economic structural change should be conducted with a multi sectoral policy package: increasing agricultural productivity and real price while increasing labor use intensity in the industrial sector.

Penentuan Ekonomi Skala Usaha dengan Fungsi Keuntungan: Landasan Teoritis dengan Contoh Fungsi Cobb-Douglas dan Translog Pantjar Simatupang
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 7, No 1 (1988): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v7n1.1988.1-16

EnglishUnderstanding the economic of scale is important in determining the efficient size of production. Economic of scale may be determined using production function, cost function, and profit function. The profit function which widely used for empirical study is the Cobb-Douglas profit function. But this functions is well known very restrictive. The translog profit function is a class of general function, but is rarely used to study the economic of scale. This paper presents a derivation of the criteria to determine economic scale for profit functions in general. The criteria, then, is used for Cobb-Douglas and translog profit functions. The criteria derived for the translog profit function is completely different from the one found in the existing literature. The criteria in the existing literature have many caveats. The criteria formula derived in this paper is very useful for empirical study and for correcting the existing formula. The criteria is used to study rice farming in irrigated low-land in West Sumatera. The finding shows that the rice farming is at increasing return to scale. The main source of the economics of scale is land.IndonesianPenentuan ekonomi skala usaha sangat penting untuk menetapkan skala usaha yang efisien. Ekonomi skala usaha dapat ditentukan dengan mempergunakan fungsi produksi, fungsi biaya dan fungsi keuntungan. Fungsi keuntungan yang banyak dipergunakan dalam studi skala usaha hingga saat ini adalah fungsi keuntungan Cobb-Douglas. Namun fungsi keuntungan ini bersifat membatasi. Fungsi keuntungan translog bersifat umum tetapi masih jarang dipergunakan dalam studi skala usaha. Studi literatur terbatas yang dilakukan penulis ditemukan satu penelitian empiris yang mempergunakan fungsi keuntungan translog untuk menentukan ekonomi skala usaha. Tulisan ini berhasil menurunkan kriteria umum penentuan skala usaha dengan fungsi keuntungan. Dengan kriteria umum tersebut diturunkan kriteria penetapan ekonomi skala usaha untuk fungsi Cobb-Douglas dan translog. Kriteria yang diturunkan untuk fungsi translog berbeda dengan yang terdapat pada literatur yang ada. Literatur tersebut terutama dalam tulisan ini sangat berguna untuk dipakai dalam penelitian empiris sekaligus memperbaiki rumus kriteria yang ada saat ini. Rumus tersebut cukup operasional untuk diterapkan. Rumus tersebut kemudian diterapkan untuk menganalisa usahatani padi di lahan beririgasi dataran rendah di Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani tersebut berada dalam penerimaan skala bertambah. Luas lahan garapan merupakan penentu utama ekonomi skala usaha.

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