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All Journal Nexus Pendidikan Kedokteran dan Kesehatan The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Calista Giovani
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Dentistry Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Perbedaan Kecerdasan Emosi antara Siswa Kelas XI SMA Berbasis Agama dan SMA Reguler Giovani, Calista; Hadin, Yusvick M; Sukilarso, FX Bambang
Nexus Pendidikan Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Pendidikan Kedokteran & Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (14.277 KB)

Abstract

Background: Emotional quotient (EQ) refers to one’s ability to recognize and manage feelings, to arouse such feelings to help one’s mind understand the feelings and their meanings, and to deeply control the feelings for emotional and intellectual development. Religion can improve EQ and has good influence on youth, especially high school students. Students from religion-based high school tend to have better emotional intelligence due to more religion education received, and thus its more likely application into their daily life. This aim of this research was to describe any differences of emotional quotient between 11th grade students of religion-based and regular high school. Methode: This was a descriptive analytic research with cross-sectional approach. Grade 11 students from SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta and SMA Negeri 7 Surakarta were purposively sampled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were asked to fill out L-MMPI scale questionnaire to measure and describe their honesty when answering questions, and EQ questionnaire. Data normality were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and EQ scores were compared by t-independent test using SPSS 17,0 for Windows program. Results: Analysis from 60 samples showed a significant mean difference of emotional quotient scores between level 11th grade students from the two high schools. Mean EQ scores of students from the religion-based and regular high school were 119,9 ± 10,957 and 112,6 ± 9,708, respectively (t = 2,719,  p = 0,009). Conclusions: There was a significant difference of emotional quotient scores between 11th grade students from religion-based and regular high school. Students from religion-based high school had better emotional quotient than those from regular high school. Keywords: Emotional quotient, religion-based high school, regular high school
Perbedaan Kecerdasan Emosi antara Siswa Kelas XI SMA Berbasis Agama dan SMA Reguler Calista Giovani; Yusvick M Hadin; FX Bambang Sukilarso
Nexus Pendidikan Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Pendidikan Kedokteran & Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (14.277 KB)

Abstract

Background: Emotional quotient (EQ) refers to ones ability to recognize and manage feelings, to arouse such feelings to help ones mind understand the feelings and their meanings, and to deeply control the feelings for emotional and intellectual development. Religion can improve EQ and has good influence on youth, especially high school students. Students from religion-based high school tend to have better emotional intelligence due to more religion education received, and thus its more likely application into their daily life. This aim of this research was to describe any differences of emotional quotient between 11th grade students of religion-based and regular high school. Methode: This was a descriptive analytic research with cross-sectional approach. Grade 11 students from SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta and SMA Negeri 7 Surakarta were purposively sampled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were asked to fill out L-MMPI scale questionnaire to measure and describe their honesty when answering questions, and EQ questionnaire. Data normality were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and EQ scores were compared by t-independent test using SPSS 17,0 for Windows program. Results: Analysis from 60 samples showed a significant mean difference of emotional quotient scores between level 11th grade students from the two high schools. Mean EQ scores of students from the religion-based and regular high school were 119,9 10,957 and 112,6 9,708, respectively (t = 2,719, p = 0,009). Conclusions: There was a significant difference of emotional quotient scores between 11th grade students from religion-based and regular high school. Students from religion-based high school had better emotional quotient than those from regular high school. Keywords: Emotional quotient, religion-based high school, regular high school
The Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review Calista Giovani; Charles Sanjaya Seikka
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/v70g4262

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and multisystem organ damage. Vitamin D, a potent immunomodulator, has been implicated as a potential environmental factor influencing SLE pathogenesis and activity. A high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is consistently observed in SLE patients, yet its precise role and the therapeutic benefit of supplementation remain areas of active investigation. This systematic review aims to synthesize the current evidence on the association between vitamin D status and disease activity in SLE and to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation as an adjunctive therapy. Methods: A systematic search of medical databases was conducted to identify relevant observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to 2025. Studies were included if they investigated the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and SLE disease activity, or the effects of vitamin D supplementation on clinical and serological outcomes in SLE patients. Data on study design, patient characteristics, interventions, and outcomes were extracted. The quality of included RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB 2) tool, while observational studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: A total of 17 studies, comprising 12 observational studies and 5 interventional trials, met the inclusion criteria. Observational studies consistently demonstrated a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in SLE cohorts. A statistically significant inverse correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and global disease activity scores (e.g., SLEDAI) was reported in the majority of these studies. Lower vitamin D levels were also associated with specific organ involvement, particularly lupus nephritis, and adverse serological markers, including higher anti-dsDNA titers and lower complement levels. Interventional studies and meta-analyses showed that vitamin D supplementation significantly, albeit modestly, reduced SLEDAI scores. The most consistent clinical benefit was observed in the improvement of patient-reported fatigue. Discussion: The evidence strongly supports a relationship between low vitamin D status and higher disease activity in SLE. The biological plausibility for this association is robust, grounded in vitamin D's multifaceted immunomodulatory effects on both innate and adaptive immunity. While supplementation appears to be a safe and beneficial adjunctive therapy, particularly for managing fatigue, its effect on global disease activity is modest. Heterogeneity in trial designs, including dosing regimens and study duration, contributes to variability in outcomes and highlights the need for larger, standardized trials. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is a significant and modifiable factor associated with increased disease activity in SLE. Routine screening for and correction of hypovitaminosis D is warranted in all SLE patients, both for its established role in bone health and its potential as a low-cost, adjunctive immunomodulatory therapy. Future research should focus on large-scale, long-term RCTs to define optimal dosing strategies and target serum levels for specific clinical phenotypes.
The Association of Chronic Kidney Disease with Increased Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review Calista Giovani; Charles Sanjaya Seikka
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/edv76569

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a global public health crisis, affecting over 10% of the world's population. It is now unequivocally recognized not merely as a renal condition but as a systemic state of exceptionally high cardiovascular risk, where patients are more likely to die from cardiovascular complications than to progress to end-stage kidney disease. This review systematically synthesizes the evidence quantifying this profound risk. METHODS: A systematic review of prospective cohort studies and meta-analyses published between January 2000 and September 2024 was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Studies were included if they reported on the association between CKD, defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or albuminuria, and specific cardiovascular morbidity or mortality outcomes in adult populations. The risk of bias in included non-randomised studies was systematically assessed using the Cochrane ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions) tool. RESULTS: A total of 18 prospective cohort studies and 3 meta-analyses, encompassing a collective population of over 5 million participants, met the inclusion criteria. The evidence demonstrates a strong, independent, and graded association between declining eGFR and increasing albuminuria with heightened risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Significant associations were confirmed for over 15 distinct outcomes. Compared to preserved renal function, CKD was associated with substantially increased risks for myocardial infarction (Hazard Ratio up to 1.90), ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (HR up to 2.19), incident heart failure (HR >2.0 for severe CKD), atrial fibrillation (HR up to 4.04 in stage 4 CKD), peripheral artery disease (HR >6.0 for associated complications), and sudden cardiac death, for which CKD confers a risk 4 to 20 times greater than that of the general population. DISCUSSION: The profound cardiovascular risk in CKD is driven by a synergistic interplay of highly prevalent traditional risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes) and potent, non-traditional uremia-specific pathways. These include chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, sympathetic overactivity, anemia, and CKD-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD), which leads to accelerated and extensive vascular calcification. This unique pathophysiology renders general population risk scores inadequate and necessitates an integrated, cardiorenal-metabolic approach to patient management, as advocated by modern clinical practice guidelines. CONCLUSION: The evidence is overwhelming and definitive: CKD is a potent and independent risk multiplier for a wide spectrum of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. Aggressive risk stratification using both eGFR and albuminuria, coupled with intensive management of both traditional and CKD-specific risk factors, is imperative to mitigate this substantial burden of disease.
The Association of Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia with the Risk of Febrile Neutropenia and Infections: A Systematic Review Calista Giovani; Charles Sanjaya Seikka
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/73fmrg57

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) is a primary dose-limiting toxicity of myelosuppressive cancer therapy. It significantly increases a patient's susceptibility to febrile neutropenia (FN), an oncologic emergency associated with severe infections, substantial morbidity, and mortality. This systematic review synthesizes the evidence linking CIN to the risk of FN and subsequent infectious complications. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was conducted for studies published from January 2010 onwards, following PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies and clinical trials involving cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and reporting on neutropenic complications were included. Data on over 15 distinct clinical, microbiological, and treatment-related outcomes were extracted. The methodological quality of included studies was appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Twenty studies, encompassing prospective and retrospective cohorts, cross-sectional analyses, and validation studies, met the inclusion criteria. The evidence confirms that CIN is a direct precursor to FN, with an incidence of up to 16.8% per chemotherapy course, and a peak risk during the first treatment cycle. FN frequently necessitates hospitalization, with a mean duration of approximately 8 days, and is associated with significant in-hospital mortality rates ranging from 2.6% to over 25% in high-risk, culture-positive cohorts. Bloodstream infections are the most common severe documented complication. The microbiological landscape is evolving, with a resurgence of Gram-negative pathogens, including multidrug-resistant organisms, challenging standard empiric antibiotic regimens. Neutropenic events directly impact oncologic care, leading to frequent chemotherapy dose reductions and delays, which can compromise treatment efficacy. DISCUSSION The synthesized evidence underscores the profound clinical and economic burden of neutropenic complications. A critical gap exists between guideline recommendations for risk stratification and the poor predictive performance of existing clinical tools like the MASCC and CISNE scores. An episode of FN serves not only as an acute event but also as a sentinel marker of patient vulnerability, predicting a significantly increased long-term risk of subsequent infections. CONCLUSION CIN is unequivocally associated with an elevated risk of FN and life-threatening infections. This relationship drives significant morbidity, mortality, and disruptions to cancer treatment. Future efforts must prioritize the development of dynamic, data-driven risk prediction models and surveillance-informed antimicrobial stewardship to optimize patient management and improve oncologic outcomes.
What Are The Most Effective Non-Pharmacological Interventions For Preventing Osteoporosis And Sarcopenia In Adults Over 65 Years Old? Calista Giovani; Yudhi Hajianto Nugroho; Mutia Juliana
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 17 No. 5 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/e6em4w32

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are prevalent conditions among older adults, particularly those over 65, leading to increased fracture risk and functional decline. Understanding effective non-pharmacological strategies for prevention is crucial as the global population ages. This study evaluates the efficacy of exercise and dietary modifications in preventing these conditions. Methods: This systematic review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, focusing on randomized controlled trials that evaluated non-pharmacological interventions in adults aged 65 and older. Eligible studies were screened for their focus on primary prevention, intervention type, and outcome measures related to bone mineral density, muscle mass, and physical performance. Results: A total of 39 studies were included, revealing that high-intensity resistance training significantly improved bone mineral density and muscle strength. Nutritional interventions, particularly protein supplementation, enhanced the effects of exercise on muscle mass and functional performance. Multicomponent exercise programs integrating balance, aerobic, and resistance training also showed positive outcomes in reducing fall risk. Discussion: The findings underscore the importance of structured exercise programs and dietary modifications in preventing osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Community-based interventions demonstrated higher adherence rates, while home-based programs offered flexibility for older adults. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions, particularly high-intensity resistance training combined with dietary support, are effective strategies for preventing osteoporosis and sarcopenia in older adults. Future research should focus on enhancing long-term adherence to these interventions to improve health outcomes in this vulnerable population.
How Do Medication Management Interventions Reduce Polypharmacy- Related Risks In Older Adults With Multiple Chronic Conditions? Calista Giovani; Yudhi Hajianto Nugroho; Mutia Juliana
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 17 No. 5 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/20sx4161

Abstract

Introduction: Polypharmacy, defined as the concurrent use of five or more medications, is prevalent among older adults with multiple chronic conditions, increasing the risk of adverse drug events and diminished quality of life. Addressing these risks through effective medication management has become a critical healthcare priority. Methods: This systematic review evaluated 40 studies, primarily randomized controlled trials (RCTs), focusing on medication management interventions such as structured medication reviews, deprescribing protocols, and electronic decision support systems. The inclusion criteria targeted older adults aged 65 years and above, taking five or more medications. Results: The review revealed that medication management interventions significantly reduced the number of medications and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). Notably, 10 out of 14 studies reported a decrease in medication counts, and 5 out of 8 studies showed reductions in PIMs. Clinical benefits included improved quality-adjusted life years and fewer hospital admissions. Discussion: A multidisciplinary approach, involving pharmacists, physicians, and nurses, was essential for the success of these interventions. The integration of technology and patient-centered strategies enhanced medication adherence and safety. However, challenges such as time constraints and resource intensity hindered broader implementation. Conclusion: Medication management interventions effectively reduce polypharmacy-related risks in older adults. Continued focus on multidisciplinary collaboration, technology integration, and addressing implementation barriers is crucial for optimizing medication safety and health outcomes.
How Do Early Screening Interventions For Frailty Impact The Prevention Of Delirium In Older Adult Patients? Calista Giovani; Yudhi Hajianto Nugroho; Mutia Juliana
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 17 No. 5 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/57w91833

Abstract

Introduction: Frailty and delirium are common and interrelated conditions affecting older adults, especially those undergoing hospitalization or surgery. Early screening for frailty has been proposed as a strategy to identify vulnerable patients and implement preventive measures to reduce the incidence of delirium. Methods: This review analyzed interventional studies published within the last decade that assessed the impact of early frailty screening combined with individualized care plans on delirium prevention in older adults. Studies included randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs, and prospective interventions involving patients aged 65 years or older across various healthcare settings. Frailty screening tools and delirium assessment methods were evaluated alongside intervention timing and types. Results: Multiple studies demonstrated significant reductions in delirium incidence following early frailty screening and targeted interventions. For example, delirium rates decreased from 10.0% to 3.3% in vascular surgery patients after geriatric comanagement, and from 29.2% to 11.3% in colorectal surgery patients receiving comprehensive geriatric assessment. Interventions ranged from preoperative cognitive exercises and multimodal prehabilitation to in-hospital multidisciplinary care models. Some studies reported improved functional and cognitive outcomes, while a few noted no significant changes in longer-term results. Discussion: Early frailty screening enables proactive identification of at-risk older adults, facilitating the delivery of personalized, multidisciplinary interventions that effectively reduce delirium incidence. The timing of intervention—particularly preoperative assessments—plays a crucial role in optimizing outcomes. Multidisciplinary collaboration and individualized care plans are common success factors. However, challenges such as patient non-compliance, small sample sizes, and external factors like the COVID-19 pandemic may limit effectiveness in some contexts. Conclusion: Early screening for frailty combined with tailored, multidisciplinary care is an effective approach to delirium prevention in older adults. Continued research is needed to refine screening tools, intervention protocols, and implementation strategies to enhance patient outcomes and broaden applicability across healthcare settings.
Co-Authors Charles Sanjaya Seikka FX Bambang Sukilarso Mutia Juliana Yudhi Hajianto Nugroho Yusvick M Hadin