Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 13 Documents
Search

PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA LORONG BERBASIS TANAMAN PERKEBUNAN DI DATARAN TINGGI SEKITAR DANAU TOBA ELNA KARMAWATI; SAHARMAN DAMANIK; . Mukhasim
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 3 (2002): September, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n3.2002.83-90

Abstract

Penelitian budidaya lorong bcrbasis tanaman perkebunan di sekitar Danau Toba telah dilaksanakan di kabupaten Simalungun Sumatera Utara dai bulan November 1999 - Januari 2002. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah unluk (I) mengidenlifikasi potensi dan peluang pengembangan tanaman perkebunan dan (2) memperoleh model usahatani yang layak dikembangkan pada daerah dataran tinggi sekitar Danau Coba Pcnarikan contoh acak secara berlapis dilakukan untuk memperoleh data primer dan petani/kelompok tani dan pedagang pcngumpul. I.apis pertama adalah kabupaten, kedua kecamatan dan ketiga adalah desa. Data sckundcr diperoleh dari instansi terkait yaitu UPS, Dinas Perkebunan lingkat propinsi dan kabupaten, BPN, I3PTP Gcdong Johor, BPK Ack Nauli dan kantor kecamatan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang Iclah dilaksanakan di dataran tinggi Danau Toba dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa dari keadaan lahan dan iklim, sarana dan prasarana, kcragaan usahatani serta pemasaran. tanaman perkebunan berpeluang untuk dikembangkan di dalaran tinggi Danau Toba. Model yang dipilih dalam penerapan tanaman perkebunan dan tanaman pangarvhortikullura adalah model yang dapal mclcstarikan sumberdaya lahan, menccgah erosi dan memberikan nilai tambah kepada petani. Model tersebut adalah budidaya lorong dengan tanaman kopi yang ditanam segitiga sebagai pembentuk lorong dan baricr penahan erosi Diantara lorong ditanam tanaman jahe dan tanaman cabai merah secara tumpang gilir, dengan nilai BCR antara 1.07 -1.25. Pcngurangan laju erosi dengan penanaman kopi mencapai 30-44%.Kata kunci : Coffeae sp, Zingiber oicinale, potensi, peluang, Danau Toba, sumberdaya lahan, erosi, budidaya lorong, dalaran tinggi ABSTRACT Development of estate crop based alley cropping in the area of Toba LakeAlley cropping research on estate crops in area of Toba I ,ake was carried oul in Simalungun, North Sumatera from November 1999 to January 2002 The objectives were (1) to identify the polcncy and probability to develop estate crops and (2) lo obtain farming system model which are feasible to develop. Purposive stratified Random Sampling had been conducted lo obtain pimary data from farmers/farmers group and traders. The irst level was regency, the second sub distict and the third was village. Secondary data were obtained from related institution Based on the condition of soil and climate, facility, farming system performance and marketing. It could be concluded that estate crops had polcncy lo develop in upland area of Toba Lake. The model Uiat had to be selected was a model that could preserve land resource, prevent erosion, and increase farmers' income. The model was alley cropping based on triangle-planted coffee as erosion barrier. Ginger and red pepper were planted rotation between alleys. The value of BCR was 1.07 -1 25. The erotion rate decreased about 30-44%.Key words : Cofeae sp, Zingiber oficinale, potency, probability, Toba Lake, erosion, alley cropping, upland
PELUANG PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS DAN DAYA SAING LADA Opportunity For Increasing Productivity And Competitiveness Of Pepper Siswanto Siswanto; I Ketut Ardana; Elna Karmawati
Perspektif Vol 19, No 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v19n2.2020.149-160

Abstract

Pepper is a spice commodity that plays an important role in the Indonesian economy, and occupies the first position as an export commodity for the spice plant commodity. In the last few decades the volume and value of exports of pepper has decreased, so that Indonesia's position as the world's largest producer and exporter was shifted by Vietnam. In addition to a decrease in area, the national average productivity of pepper is still low (<1000 kg / ha / year) compared to other world pepper producing countries. Pepper cultivation technology innovation is needed to increase the productivity and competitiveness of Indonesian pepper in the world. Three main components that affect the increase in productivity and competitiveness of pepper, namely the use of seed technology, cultivation efficiency, and efficiency of pepper processing. Pepper seed technology includes the use of superior varieties and preparation of superior quality and healthy seeds. Until now, 10 high-yielding varieties have been produced with an average productivity of> 3.0 tonnes / ha and quality seed propagation technology, but the performance of seedlings has not been running well, due to limited information and adequate number of seeds. Pepper cultivation technology that is environmentally friendly and efficient starting from seed preparation, land, planting, maintenance, pruning, fertilization, pest control and harvesting has been produced. Likewise, more efficient yield processing technology using appropriate equipment and certain enzymes for soaking, threshing, stripping, drying and sorting has been produced. However, in the field there are still many farmers who have not applied them or are not consistent in fully applying existing technology so that the results obtained are not optimal. Therefore it is necessary to encourage efforts to develop and supervise the implementation of SOPs appropriately and consistently so that the productivity, quality and competitiveness of pepper can be improved.ABSTRAKLada merupakan komoditas rempah yang berperan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, dan menduduki posisi pertama sebagai komoditas ekspor komoditas tanaman rempah. Dalam beberapa dasawarsa terakhir volume dan nilai ekspor lada mengalami penurunan, sehingga posisi Indonesia sebagai produsen dan exportir terbesar dunia sempat tergeser oleh Vietnam.  Selain terjadinya penurunan luas areal, produktivitas rata-rata nasional lada tergolong masih rendah (<1000 kg/ha/th) dibandingkan negara produsen lada dunia lainnya. Inovasi teknologi budidaya lada sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan daya saing lada Indonesia di dunia. Tiga komponen utama yang berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan produktivitas dan daya saing lada, yaitu pemanfaatan teknologi perbenihan, efisiensi budidaya, dan efisiensi pengolahan lada. Teknologi perbenihan lada meliputi penggunaan varietas unggul dan penyiapan benih unggul bermutu dan sehat. Hingga saat ini telah dihasilkan 10 varietas unggul dengan produktivitas rata-rata > 3,0 t/ha serta teknologi perbanyakan benih bermutu, namun kinerja perbenihan belum berjalan baik, karena keterbatasan informasi dan jumlah benih bina. Teknologi budidaya lada yang ramah lingkungan dan efisien mulai dari persiapan benih, lahan, penanaman, pemeliharaan, pemangkasan, pemupukan, pengendalian hama penyakit hingga panen sudah dihasilkan. Teknologi pengolahan hasil yang lebih efisien menggunakan peralatan yang tepat guna dan pemanfaatan enzim tertentu untuk perendaman, perontokan, pengupasan, pengeringan dan sortasi telah dihasilkan. Namun di lapangan masih banyak ditemukan petani yang belum mengaplikasikannya atau tidak konsisten mengaplikasikan teknologi yang ada secara penuh sehingga hasil yang diperoleh kurang baik.  Oleh karena itu perlu didorong upaya pembinaan dan pengawasan terhadap penerapan SOP secara tepat dan konsisten agar produktivitas, mutu dan daya saing lada dapat ditingkatkan.
Biologi dan kelimpahan tungau merah Tetranychus sp. (Acari: Tetranychidae) pada dua kultivar jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) Sugeng Santoso; Aunu Rauf; Nelly Mastina Gultom; Elna Karmawati; Widi Rumini
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (455.369 KB) | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.1.34

Abstract

Red spider mite Tetranychus sp. is one of the most important pests attacking leaves of Jatropha curcas. The objective of this study was to elucidate life history parameters and abundance of spider mite on two J. curcas cultivars. Field studies were carried out in BALITTRI Pakuwon Sukabumi, and laboratory experiments were conducted at the Department of Plant Protection, Bogor Agricultural University, from June to November 2008. Cultivars significantly affected several life history parameters of the spider mite. Spider mite reared on IP1-P cultivar have longer oviposition period and higher fecundity than those on IP2-P (7.00 days and 25.56 eggs against 5.00 days and 10.00 eggs). The sex ratio of spider mite was 3.2 : 1 on IP1-P and 2.5 : 1 on IP2-P. Intrinsic rate of increase was also higher on IP1-P. However, field studies indicated that the spider mite were less abundant on this cultivar. These might be due to the presence of other arthropods which were higher on IP1-P. In general, the highest population of spider mite occurred in August and the lowest in October–November. Predatory mite Family Phytoseiidae was found associated with spider mite, however its role as natural control agent was not significant.