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All Journal Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Yadi Suryadi
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Selection of Rhizosphere Bacterial Isolates and Development of Antagonistic Bacterial-Based Formulation to Control Fusarium Wilt on Shallot Yadi Suryadi; Dwiningsih Susilowati; I Made Samudra
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 26, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v26n2.2020.p89-102

Abstract

Wilt disease caused by Fusarium spp. is a major disease in shallot-producing areas particularly in the North Coast of West Java. The research was aimed to select rhizosphere bacteria and develop an antagonistic bacterial-based formulation for its effectiveness to suppress wilt disease caused by Fusarium spp. on shallot plant under greenhouse and field trials. The field trials were carried out using randomized complete block design with four replications at the shallot farmer condition in Subang and Indramayu during the 2019 planting season. Antagonistic test of bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere showed that most of the bacterial isolates can be used as a biocontrol to Fusarium spp. pathogen. The result revealed that bacterial suspension formulation (E-76 + DBS-2 isolates) in combination with phytohormone (1:1 [v/v]) at Subang and Indramayu tended to suppress Fusarium wilt disease intensity with the disease inhibition ranging from 73.54–93.39% and 66.3–95.65%, respectively. The spraying application of formulation 2.5 ml/l was obtained as the best formula to suppress the disease. The growth and production of shallot were also affected by the application of antagonistic-bacterial formula.
Cendawan Penghasil Mikotoksin pada Komoditas Pertanian Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Dalia Sukmawati; Yadi Suryadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 26, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v26n2.2020.p157-172

Abstract

Mikotoksin adalah metabolit sekunder beracun dengan bobot molekul rendah yang dihasilkan oleh cendawan berfilamen. Cendawan penghasil mikotoksin menginfeksi berbagai komoditas mulai dari kacang-kacangan, sampai komoditas pertanian lainnya seperti jagung, padi, buah-buahan, kopi, kakao, biji pala, dan gandum. Meskipun bukan merupakan penyebab utama penyakit tanaman, namun beberapa cendawan penghasil mikotoksin perlu diwaspadai karena dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan pada beberapa tanaman dan produknya. Infeksi cendawan penghasil mikotoksin dapat mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas hasil pertainan karena sifat mikotoksin yang karsinogenik, nefrotoksik, hepatotoksin, dan berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Sehubungan dengan tingginya keragaman jenis cendawan penghasil mikotoksin dan dampak negatifnya terhadap komoditas pertanian, maka perlu diketahui deskripsi beberapa jenis cendawan penghasil mikotoksin, jenis mikotoksin yang dihasilkan, efek, dan solusi penanganannya.Hal ini perlu sebagai bahasan karena sejumlah mikotoksin pada produk pertanian dapat menimbulkan risiko kesehatan yang bervariasi dari reaksi alergi hingga kematian pada manusia dan hewan, serta permasalahan ekonomi. Ulasan ini menekankan pada status terkini kontaminasi mikotoksin pada komoditas pertanian dan strategi pengendalian lebih lanjut yang direkomendasikan untuk mitigasi mikotoksin.
Co-Authors Dalia Sukmawati Dwi Ningsih Susilowati Dwiningsih Susilowati I Made Samudra