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Profil Minyak Biji dari Empat Varietas Rosela Herbal (Hisbiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) Indonesia Elda Nurnasari; Tantri Dyah Ayu Anggraeni; Nurindah Nurindah
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/btsm.v11n1.2019.8-15

Rosela herbal dibudidayakan untuk diambil kalik (kelopak bunga) sebagai bahan baku minuman herbal. Produk samping dari budidaya rosela herbal salah satunya adalah biji rosela. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi komposisi senyawa asam lemak dan kadar minyak biji rosella dari empat varietas unggul rosella herbal (Roselindo 1, Roselindo 2, Roselindo 3, dan Roselindo 4 dan membahas potensinya sebagai bahan pangan). Minyak biji rosella herbal diekstrak dengan cara pengepresan dan analisa profil asam lemak dengan metode GCMS. Biji rosela herbal mempunyai kadar minyak yang cukup tinggi, yaitu antara 23,25 – 27,31%. Asam linoleat, asam oleat, asam palmitat dan asam nonadekanoat adalah asam lemak utama pada empat varietas rosela herbal. Pengelompokan varietas rosela berdasarkan persentase kemiripan kandungan minyak dan asam lemak menunjukkan bahwa Roselindo 1 berada dalam satu kelompok dengan Roselindo 3 dan Roselindo 2 dengan Roselindo 4. Senyawa asam lemak dari Roselindo 1 dan Roselindo 3 asam adalah dari kelompok asam lemak tak jenuh (UFA) yakni asam linoleat pada Roselindo 1 dan asam oleat pada Roselindo 3. Senyawa asam lemak utama varietas Roselindo 2 dan Roselindo 4 adalah asam nonadekanoat. Berdasarkan jenis asam lemak tersebut maka minyak biji rosella termasuk dalam kategori minyak yang aman dikonsumsi (edible oil) dan juga berkhasiat bagi kesehatan.Profile of Four Varieties of Indonesian Herbal Roselle (Hisbiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) Herbal roselle is cultivated for calices production as raw material for herbal drinks. One of the by products from herbal roselle cultivation is roselle seeds. This study was conducted to evaluate the composition of fatty acid compounds and roselle seed oil content of four herbal roselle superior varieties (Roselindo 1, Roselindo 2, Roselindo 3, and Roselindo and discuss their potency as a foodstuff 4). Herbal roselle seed oil is extracted using pressing method and analyzing fatty acid profiles using GC-MS method. Herbal roselle seeds have high oil content, i.e., 23.25 - 27.31%. Linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and nonadecanoic acid are the main fatty acids in four herbal rosela varieties. The grouping of rosela varieties based on the percentage similarity of oil content and fatty acids shows that Roselindo 1 is in one group with Roselindo 3 and Roselindo 2 with Roselindo 4. The main fatty acids of Roselindo 1 and Roselindo 3 are from a group of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), namely linoleic acid on Roselindo 1, and oleic acid in Roselindo 3 The main fatty acid compounds of Roselindo 2 and Roselindo 4 are nonadecanoic acid. Based on these types of fatty acids, rosella seed oil of Roselindo varieties is in the category of edible oil and is also beneficial for health.

Pengaruh Perlakuan Pelapisan Benih (seed coated) terhadap Viabilitas Benih Tiga Varietas Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Taufiq Hidayat RS; Nurindah Nurindah; Anik Herawati
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/btsm.v11n1.2019.16-23

Seed coated merupakan teknologi pelapisan benih dengan bahan tertentu untuk mempertahankan mutu benih dan membuat bentuk benih lebih teratur. Prosesing benih kapas saat ini masih menggunakan bahan kimia seperti asam sulfat (acid seed delinted) untuk menghilangkan kabu-kabu (linter) yang masih menempel pada biji setelah proses pemisahan serat dan biji. Acid Seed delinted memungkinkan terjadinya kerusakan kulit hingga lembaga biji dan dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dari limbah yang dihasilkan dalam proses tersebut. Teknik pelapisan benih (seed coated) berpeluang untuk diterapkan dalam proses perbenihan kapas, sehingga proses tersebut menjadi ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pelapisan benih pada tiga varietas terhadap viabilitas benih kapas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Faktor Pertama terdiri atas empat perlakuan benih yaitu benih berkabu tanpa perlakuan (kontrol), benih diperlakukan dengan acid delinted, benih dilapisi (coated) dengan tapioka, kaolin, dan arabic gum. Faktor kedua terdiri atas varietas kapas yaitu Kanesia 10, Kanesia 18, dan Kanesia 19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan benih dengan arabic gum menghasilkan viabilitas benih yang terbaik dan benih kapas varietas Kanesia 10 menunjukkan persentase keserempakan tumbuh, persentase daya berkecambah, dan persentase potensi tumbuh maksimum terbaik masing-masing 92,25%; 96,25% dan 98,00%. Perlakuan coated benih kapas dengan arabic gum berpotensi untuk diterapkan dalam perbenihan kapas sebagai alternatif teknik acid delinting yang kurang ramah lingkungan Effect of Seed Coating on the Seeds Viability of Three Cotton Varieties (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Seed coating technology with certain materials is objected to maintain seed quality and to make seed shapes more regular. Currently, cotton seeds processing is using chemicals such as sulfuric acid (acid seed delinted) to remove the linter which is still attached to the seeds after the separation of fibers and seeds. Acid seed delinting could causing damage on the seed skin as well as to the seed embryo and also cause environmental problems from the waste produced in the process. Seed coated technology has the prospect to be applied in the process of cotton seeding, so the process becomes environmentally friendly. This study aims to evaluate the effect of seed coating treatment on three cotton varieties on the seed viability. This study uses Randomized Block Design Factorial. The first factor consisted of four seed treatments namely fuzzy seed (control), seed delinted, seed coated with tapioca and kaolin and seed coated with arabic gum. The second factor were cotton varieties namely Kanesia 10, Kanesia 18, and Kanesia 19. The results showed that the interaction between seed treatments with cotton varieties significantly affected the radicular length parameters and produced a coefficient of varians 9.85%. Seed coated with arabic gum showed the best results for all observation parameters. Kanesia 10 showed the best of growing simultaneity, germination, and the potential maximum growth by 92%, 96%, and 98%, recpectively. The cotton cotton seed coated with arabic gum is prospective to be applied in the cotton seeding process as an alternative to the acid delinting technique that is not environmentally friendly.

ANALISIS MUTU GULA TANJUNG DARI TIGA VARIETAS TEBU / Analysis of Tanjung Sugar Quality of Three Sugarcane Varieties Garusti Garusti; Yoga A. Yogi; Nurindah Nurindah
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 25, No 2 (2019): Desember, 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Tanjung sugar usually called “semut” sugar, is brown sugarcane in the form of fine powder with water content lower than block sugar. Tanjung sugar can be used to replace white sugar. The process of making tanjung sugar followed a standard method. Analysis of tanjung sugar quality from different sugarcane varieties has never been reported. This study aimed to analyze the quality of tanjung sugar produced from sugarcane varieties PS 864, PS 862, and BL. This research was carried out in the Sugar Production Unit at the Muktiharjo Experimental Station, Pati from May to October 2018. The process of making tanjung sugar from the three sugarcane varieties included squeezing the juice with a pressing machine with a capacity of 0.5 tons/day (0.5 TCD), cooking the juice in a pan on the stove at the temperature of 90-1100C for 3-4 hours until the juice has thickened. Then cooling the thickened juice in a cold pan for 15-30 minutes, and lastly stirring it until the brown sugar became granules. The sugar quality-analyzed were the color, content, ash, sugar reduction, and sucrose content. Data obtained were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results showed that tanjung sugar made from sugarcane PS 862 variety was the best quality compared to those of PS 864 and BL varieties. Tanjung sugar from varieties PS 862 had a light-brown color with a color index of 42.500, the water content of 3.90%, sucrose 87.10%, reducing sugar content of 4.40%, and ash content of 1.80%.Keywords: Brown sugar, sugarcane juice, sucrose, reducing sugar. AbstrakGula tanjung adalah gula merah tebu dalam bentuk serbuk halus dengan kadar air lebih rendah dari gula cetak, dan sering disebut gula semut. Gula tanjung ini dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti pemakaian gula pasir. Proses pembuatan gula tanjung mengikuti metode standar. Analisis mutu gula tanjung dari varietas tebu di daerah pengembangan belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mutu gula tanjung yang dihasilkan dari tebu varietas PS 864, PS 862 dan BL. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Unit Pengolahan Gula Merah Tebu di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Muktiharjo, Pati pada Mei-Oktober 2018. Proses pembuatan gula tanjung dari ketiga varietas tebu tersebut meliputi pemerasan nira dengan mesin pemerah berkapasitas 0,5 ton/hari (0,5 TCD), dimasak dalam wajan di atas tungku dengan suhu bahan 90-110oC selama 3-4 jam sampai nira mengental. Pendinginan dalam wajan dingin dilakukan sampai nira lebih mengental (15-30 menit) dan pengadukan dilakukan sampai gula merah tebu menjadi butiran gula tanjung. Mutu gula tanjung yang dianalisis yaitu warna dengan metode ICUMSA, kadar air dengan metode oven, kadar abu dengan tanur, kadar gula pereduksi dan sukrosa dengan metode Luff Schoorl. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan independen t tes. Gula tanjung yang dibuat dari varietas tebu PS 862 mempunyai mutu terbaik dibandingkan varietas PS 864 dan BL. Gula tanjung dari tebu varietas PS 862 mempunyai warna coklat muda-tua dengan indeks warna 42.500, kadar air 3.90%, sukrosa 87.10%, kadar gula reduksi 4.40%, dan kadar abu 1.80%.Kata kunci: Gula merah tebu, mutu nira, sukrosa, gula reduksi.

Profil Minyak Biji dari Empat Varietas Rosela Herbal (Hisbiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) Indonesia Elda Nurnasari; Tantri Dyah Ayu Anggraeni; Nurindah Nurindah
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Rosela herbal dibudidayakan untuk diambil kalik (kelopak bunga) sebagai bahan baku minuman herbal. Produk samping dari budidaya rosela herbal salah satunya adalah biji rosela. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi komposisi senyawa asam lemak dan kadar minyak biji rosella dari empat varietas unggul rosella herbal (Roselindo 1, Roselindo 2, Roselindo 3, dan Roselindo 4 dan membahas potensinya sebagai bahan pangan). Minyak biji rosella herbal diekstrak dengan cara pengepresan dan analisa profil asam lemak dengan metode GCMS. Biji rosela herbal mempunyai kadar minyak yang cukup tinggi, yaitu antara 23,25 – 27,31%. Asam linoleat, asam oleat, asam palmitat dan asam nonadekanoat adalah asam lemak utama pada empat varietas rosela herbal. Pengelompokan varietas rosela berdasarkan persentase kemiripan kandungan minyak dan asam lemak menunjukkan bahwa Roselindo 1 berada dalam satu kelompok dengan Roselindo 3 dan Roselindo 2 dengan Roselindo 4. Senyawa asam lemak dari Roselindo 1 dan Roselindo 3 asam adalah dari kelompok asam lemak tak jenuh (UFA) yakni asam linoleat pada Roselindo 1 dan asam oleat pada Roselindo 3. Senyawa asam lemak utama varietas Roselindo 2 dan Roselindo 4 adalah asam nonadekanoat. Berdasarkan jenis asam lemak tersebut maka minyak biji rosella termasuk dalam kategori minyak yang aman dikonsumsi (edible oil) dan juga berkhasiat bagi kesehatan.Profile of Four Varieties of Indonesian Herbal Roselle (Hisbiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) Herbal roselle is cultivated for calices production as raw material for herbal drinks. One of the by products from herbal roselle cultivation is roselle seeds. This study was conducted to evaluate the composition of fatty acid compounds and roselle seed oil content of four herbal roselle superior varieties (Roselindo 1, Roselindo 2, Roselindo 3, and Roselindo and discuss their potency as a foodstuff 4). Herbal roselle seed oil is extracted using pressing method and analyzing fatty acid profiles using GC-MS method. Herbal roselle seeds have high oil content, i.e., 23.25 - 27.31%. Linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and nonadecanoic acid are the main fatty acids in four herbal rosela varieties. The grouping of rosela varieties based on the percentage similarity of oil content and fatty acids shows that Roselindo 1 is in one group with Roselindo 3 and Roselindo 2 with Roselindo 4. The main fatty acids of Roselindo 1 and Roselindo 3 are from a group of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), namely linoleic acid on Roselindo 1, and oleic acid in Roselindo 3 The main fatty acid compounds of Roselindo 2 and Roselindo 4 are nonadecanoic acid. Based on these types of fatty acids, rosella seed oil of Roselindo varieties is in the category of edible oil and is also beneficial for health.

Pengaruh Perlakuan Pelapisan Benih (seed coated) terhadap Viabilitas Benih Tiga Varietas Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Taufiq Hidayat RS; Nurindah Nurindah; Anik Herawati
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Seed coated merupakan teknologi pelapisan benih dengan bahan tertentu untuk mempertahankan mutu benih dan membuat bentuk benih lebih teratur. Prosesing benih kapas saat ini masih menggunakan bahan kimia seperti asam sulfat (acid seed delinted) untuk menghilangkan kabu-kabu (linter) yang masih menempel pada biji setelah proses pemisahan serat dan biji. Acid Seed delinted memungkinkan terjadinya kerusakan kulit hingga lembaga biji dan dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dari limbah yang dihasilkan dalam proses tersebut. Teknik pelapisan benih (seed coated) berpeluang untuk diterapkan dalam proses perbenihan kapas, sehingga proses tersebut menjadi ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pelapisan benih pada tiga varietas terhadap viabilitas benih kapas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Faktor Pertama terdiri atas empat perlakuan benih yaitu benih berkabu tanpa perlakuan (kontrol), benih diperlakukan dengan acid delinted, benih dilapisi (coated) dengan tapioka, kaolin, dan arabic gum. Faktor kedua terdiri atas varietas kapas yaitu Kanesia 10, Kanesia 18, dan Kanesia 19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan benih dengan arabic gum menghasilkan viabilitas benih yang terbaik dan benih kapas varietas Kanesia 10 menunjukkan persentase keserempakan tumbuh, persentase daya berkecambah, dan persentase potensi tumbuh maksimum terbaik masing-masing 92,25%; 96,25% dan 98,00%. Perlakuan coated benih kapas dengan arabic gum berpotensi untuk diterapkan dalam perbenihan kapas sebagai alternatif teknik acid delinting yang kurang ramah lingkungan Effect of Seed Coating on the Seeds Viability of Three Cotton Varieties (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Seed coating technology with certain materials is objected to maintain seed quality and to make seed shapes more regular. Currently, cotton seeds processing is using chemicals such as sulfuric acid (acid seed delinted) to remove the linter which is still attached to the seeds after the separation of fibers and seeds. Acid seed delinting could causing damage on the seed skin as well as to the seed embryo and also cause environmental problems from the waste produced in the process. Seed coated technology has the prospect to be applied in the process of cotton seeding, so the process becomes environmentally friendly. This study aims to evaluate the effect of seed coating treatment on three cotton varieties on the seed viability. This study uses Randomized Block Design Factorial. The first factor consisted of four seed treatments namely fuzzy seed (control), seed delinted, seed coated with tapioca and kaolin and seed coated with arabic gum. The second factor were cotton varieties namely Kanesia 10, Kanesia 18, and Kanesia 19. The results showed that the interaction between seed treatments with cotton varieties significantly affected the radicular length parameters and produced a coefficient of varians 9.85%. Seed coated with arabic gum showed the best results for all observation parameters. Kanesia 10 showed the best of growing simultaneity, germination, and the potential maximum growth by 92%, 96%, and 98%, recpectively. The cotton cotton seed coated with arabic gum is prospective to be applied in the cotton seeding process as an alternative to the acid delinting technique that is not environmentally friendly.

Evaluasi pelepasan Trichogramma spp. untuk pengendalian penggerek pucuk dan batang tebu Nurindah Nurindah; Dwi Adi Sunarto; Sujak Sujak
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 2 (2016): Juli
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

The success and effectiveness evaluation of Trichogramma releases for controlling sugarcane top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis (Walker)) and stalk borers (Chilo spp.) have not been intensively evaluated. This research was aimed to evaluate the control technique of sugarcane borer complex by releasing Trichogramma spp. The evaluation approach was performance tests of the parasitoid fitness through determination of reproductive rate and parasitism capacity of the parasitoids. Field observations were also done to obtain the borers’ egg parasitism level in Trichogramma released and unreleased sugarcane fields. The observation was done by collecting the borers’ eggs in such fields and egg parasitism level was recorded. Results showed that releases of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii or Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead were not effectively caused egg parasitism on S. excerptalis or Chilo spp. A hundred % parasitism of S. excerptalis eggs and 77% parasitism of Chilo spp. were caused by Telenomus sp. T. chilonis parasitized only Chilo spp. Reproductive performance of T. japonicum indicated a low reproduction capacity. Mass releases of Trichogramma spp. for controlling the sugarcane borers’ complex in Indonesia has to be reconsidered by taking into account the species and release technique to obtain a successful biocontrol of sugarcane borers’ complex.

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