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A Study on the utilization of coffee grounds for particle board Cut Rizka Maulida; Mursal Mursal; Ismail Ismail
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 10, Number 2, April 2021
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v10i2.19063

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat papan partikel dengan menggunakan limbah ampas kopi dan resin epoksi sebagai perekat. Komposisi resin epoksi divariasikan yaitu 5, 10, 15 dan 20 vol.% untuk masing-masing partikel ampas kopi berukuran 20 dan 40 mesh. Papan partikel dibuat dengan teknik pressing dengan beban sebesar 9 ton selama 30 menit. Sifat mekanik yang diuji adalah MOE, MOR, dan kuat tekan. Sifat fisis papan partikel yang diuji adalah kerapatan dan pengembangan tebal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nilai MOE tertinggi yaitu 20,910 kgf/cm2 pada komposisi 95 vol.% ampas kopi dan 5 vol.% resin epoksi dengan ukuran ampas kopi 40 mesh. MOR tertinggi yaitu 167 kgf/cm2 pada ukuran partikel 40 mesh dengan komposisi ampas kopi 90 vol.% dan resin epoksi 10 vol.%. Nilai kuat tekan tertinggi diperoleh 220 kgf/cm2 pada 20 mesh, dengan komposisi 85 vol.% ampas kopi dan 15 vol.% resin epoksi. Kerapatan dan pengembangan tebal papan partikel yang tertinggi masing-masing adalah 1,16 g/cm3 dan 0,85%. Secara umum, sifat mekanis papan partikel ampas kopi tergantung pada komposisi dan ukuran partikel ampas kopi. Namun, sifat fisisnya tidak berubah secara signifikan untuk ukuran partikel dan komposisi yang berbeda. Papan partikel yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini memenuhi standar ANSI sehingga berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai papan partikel atau komposit. Abstract.. This study aims to make a particle board using coffee ground waste and epoxy resin as an adhesive. The composition of the epoxy resin was varied, namely 5, 10, 15 and 20 vol.% for 20 mesh and 40 mesh of coffee grounds particles. Particle board is made by pressing technique with a load of 9 tons for 30 minutes. The mechanical properties tested were MOE, MOR, and compressive strength. The physical properties of the particle board tested were density and thickness swelling. The results showed that the highest MOE particle board was 20.910 kgf/cm2 (95 vol.% coffee grounds:5 vol.% epoxy resin; 40 mesh). The highest MOR was 167 kgf/cm2 (90 vol.% coffee grounds:10 vol.% epoxy resin;40 mesh). The hihgest compressive strength values was 220 kgf/cm2 (85 vol.% coffee grounds:15 vol.% epoxy resin;20 mesh). The highest density and thickness expansion were 1.16 g/cm3 and 0.85%, respectively. In general, the mechanical properties of coffee grounds particleboard depend on the composition and particle size of coffee grounds. However, their physical properties do not change significantly for different particle sizes and compositions. The particle board obtained from this study meets the standard of ANSI. Thus, coffee grounds have the potential to be used as particle board or composite. Keywords particle board, coffee grounds, epoxy resin, mechanical properties, physical properties

Mechanical properties of coconut shell particle board using epoxy resin adhesive Zia Nurkhalida Hatta; Mursal Mursal; Ismail Ismail
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 10, Number 2, April 2021
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v10i2.19086

Abstrak. Papan partikel merupakan komposit yang tersusun dari filler (penguat) dan matriks (pengikat). Papan partikel dapat dibuat dari bahan limbah pertanian yang mengandung selulosa seperti tempurung kelapa. Penelitian ini menggunakan limbah tempurung kelapa sebagai filler dan resin epoksi (RE) sebagai matriks. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan ukuran partikel tempurung kelapa (60, 80, 100 dan 120 mesh) dan komposisi filler tempurung kelapa:perekat RE (70:30, 75:25, 80:20, dan 85:15 vol.%) untuk memperoleh sifat mekanik yang terbaik. Sifat mekanik yang diuji adalah modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, dan kuat tekan. Sifat mekanik papan partikel diuji sesuai standar ASTM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat mekanik menurun dengan bertambahnya komposisi tempurung kelapa. Namun sifat mekanik meningkat dengan mengecilnya ukuran partikel dari 60 ke 120 mesh. Papan partikel yang dihasilkan memenuhi persyaratan ANSI untuk ukuran partikel 120 mesh, komposisi tempurung kelapa 80 vol.%, dan RE 20 vol.%.Abstract. Particle board is a composite composed of filler (reinforcement) and a matrix (binder). Particle board can be made of agricultural waste material containing cellulose such as a coconut shell. This study used coconut shell particles as a filler and epoxy resin (RE) as a matrix. The research was conducted by varying the particle size of coconut shells (60, 80, 100 and 120 mesh) and the composition of coconut shell fillers:RE adhesive (70:30, 75:25, 80:20, and 85:15 vol.%) to obtain the best mechanical properties. The mechanical properties tested were modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and compressive strength. Particleboard was tested according to ASTM standards. The results showed that the mechanical properties decreased with increasing coconut shell composition. However, the mechanical properties increased as the particle size decreased from 60 to 120 mesh. The resulting particle board meets ANSI requirements for a particle size of 120 mesh, 80 vol.% of coconut shell composition, and 20 vol.% of RE. Keywords: Coconut Shell, Epoxy Resin, Mechanical Properties, Particle Board

Pendidikan Mitigasi Bencana Berbasis Lingkungan Masyarakat Terhadap Titik Evakuasi Bencana Tsunami Edi Syahputra Barus; T. Budi Aulia; Ismail AB
Biotik Vol 1, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Biotik
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v1i2.221

Gempa bumi tanggal 11 April 2012 di Kota Banda Aceh dan sekitarnya masih menunjukkan minimnya persiapan masyarakat mengenai kesiapsiagaan menghadapi bencana. Penyebaran informasi dan pendidikan masyarakat terkait ilmu kebencanaan yang belum maksimal menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab. Minimnya persiapan dalam menghadapi bencana dapat dilihat dari kemacetan yang terjadi pada saat itu. Kemacetan terjadi di beberapa ruas jalan saat warga Kota Banda Aceh melakukan evakuasi akibat gempa bumi 11 April 2012. Jalur evakuasi dan titik evakuasi yang ada tidak memadai. Untuk menganalisa kejadian tersebut, survey dan observasi lapangan menjadi metode yang mungkin dilakukan dalam mengevaluasi kejadian darurat yang sudah terjadi. Masyarakat dan instansi terkait menjadi objek survey. Kajian yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Baiturrahman ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menentukan jalur evakuasi dan titik evakuasi alternatif. Kecamatan Kutaraja dan Meuraksa menjadi bagian dari kajian ini disebabkan sebagian warganya melewati Kecamatan Baiturrahman untuk melakukan evakuasi. Dari hasil survey tersebut didapatkan data pergerakan masyarakat pada gempa bumi 11 April 2012 yang lalu. Data tersebut kemudian menjadi acuan untuk observasi lapangan dan analisa tingkat pelayanan jalan (Level of Service, LoS). Berdasarkan data observasi dan analisa tersebut diketahui kelayakan suatu ruas jalan sebagai jalur evakuasi. Pada jalur evakuasi dengan LoS yang tidak stabil ditambahkan jalur alternatif untuk mereduksi kemacetan. Titik evakuasi vertikal menjadi variabel berikutnya untuk mereduksi kemacetan. Ruas-ruas jalan dan titik evakuasi vertikal tersebut kemudian menjadi peta jalur evakuasi alternatif Kecamatan Baiturrahman. Kata Kunci: Gempa Aceh 11 April 2012, Tingkat Pelayanan Jalan, Jalur Evakuasi, dan Titik Evakuasi Vertikal The earthquake on 11 April 2012 in the city of Banda Aceh and the surrounding communities still showed lack of preparation on disaster preparedness. Dissemination of information and education related to the science of disaster have not been up to be one of the causes. The lack of preparation for disasters can be seen from the congestion that occurs at that time. Congestion occurs on some streets as residents evacuate the city of Banda Aceh earthquake 11 April 2012. Evacuation routes and evacuation points are inadequate.To analyze these events, surveys and field observations become feasible method to evaluate emergency situation that has occured. Earthquake victims and stakeholders is the object of the survey. This study aims to create an alternative evacuation routes and evacuation points in sub-district Baiturrahman, Banda Aceh city. Kutaradja and meuraxa sub-district a part of the sudy, because of its population through the district baiturrahman when an earthquake to evacuate. The population movement data on the earthquake of 11 April 2012 were obtained from the survey. The data is used for a reference in the field of observation and to analyze the Level of Service. Based on the observational data and level of service can be determined the capacity of a road as evacuation road. Routes with unstable LoS, added alternate pathway to reduce congestion. Vertical evacuation points become next variable to reduce congestion. Roads and vertical evacuation point is then to be an Baiturrahman Sub-District alternatifve evacuation route map. Keywords: Aceh Earthquake on 11 April 2012, Level of Service, Evacuation Route, and Vertical Evacuation Point

Pendidikan Mitigasi Bencana Berbasis Lingkungan Masyarakat Terhadap Jalur Evakuasi Gempa Bumi Berpotensi Tsunami (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Kuta Alam Kota Banda Aceh) Wildan Seni; Nazli Ismail; Ismail AB
Biotik Vol 1, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Biotik
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v1i2.219

Gempa bumi 11 April 2012 berkekuatan 8,5 SR memicu terjadinya pergerakan masyarakat Kecamatan Kuta Alam dalam usaha menyelamatkan diri, ribuan masyarakat bergerak untuk mencapai tempat aman dalam waktu yang sesingkat-singkatnya demi terhindar dari bencana. Pergerakan masyarakat tersebut dideskripsikan dalam bentuk peta pergerakan masyarakat Kecamatan Kuta Alam Kota Banda Aceh, data pergerakan didapat dari kuesioner dan wawancara dengan masyarakat serta pihak terkait. Peta pergerakan masyarakat dan peta tematik beserta informasi lainnya dianalisis untuk mendapatkan peta awal jalur evakuasi Kecamatan Kuta Alam. Selanjutnya dilakukan observasi dilapangan dengan membandingkan kondisi eksisting dengan peta awal tersebut guna mendapatkan titik evakuasi dan peta jalur evakuasi bagi masyarakat Kecamatan Kuta Alam. Pada penelitian ini di gunakan ArcGIS 10 untuk menggabarkan peta-peta tersebut. Titik evakuasi Kecamatan Kuta Alam adalah kawasan di sepanjang Jalan T. H. Bendahara di Kuta Alam, Jalan Keuchik Saman di Beurawe dan Jalan terusan T. P. Nyak Makam di Pango. Direkomendasikan sepuluh jalur evakuasi untuk mencapai titik-titik evakuasi tersebut: (1.) Mainun Saleh-T. P. Polem-T. H. Bendahara (2.) Kuta Lam Panah-Pocut Meurah Insuen I-Bakti-Chik Kuta Karang-T. H. Bendahara (3.) T. Diblang/Teratai-Tgk. Hasyim Banta Muda-Darma-T. Malem I-T. H. Bendahara (4.) Al Ikhlas-Kenanga-Bahtera-Kasturi-Potemerehom-T. H. Bendahara (5.) Syiah Kuala-T. Hasan Dek-Keuchik Saman (6.) Anggur-Semangka-Kartika-Keuchik Amin-Keuchik Saman (7.) Cermai-Beringin-Kowera I-Cut Makmun-Keuchik Saman (8.) Ayah Gani-DR. T. Syarief Thayeb-T. Iskandar-Terusan T. P. Nyak Makam (9.) Mujahiddin-Tanggul-Stadion-T. P. Nyak Makam-Terusan T. P. Nyak Makam dan (10.) T. P. Nyak Makam-Terusan T. P. Nyak Makam. Kata Kunci: Gempa Bumi, Jalur Evakuasi, dan Peta Pergerakan Masyarakat 11 April 2012 an earthquake measuring 8.5 Richter Scale triggered the Kuta Alam sub-district movement of people in an attempt to save himself, thousands of people move to reach a safe place in the shortest possible time in order to avoid disaster. The movement of the people described in the form of a map of the movement of the Kuta Alam sub-district of Banda Aceh, the movement of data obtained from questionnaires and interviews with the public and stakeholders. Map the movement of people and thematic maps along with other information are analyzed to obtain initial evacuation route map Kuta Alam sub-district. Further field observations conducted by comparing the existing condition with the initial map in order to obtain the evacuation point and evacuation route maps for the Kuta Alam sub-district. This research used ArcGIS 10 to illustrate the maps. Evacuation point Kuta Alam sub-district is the area along Jalan T. H. Bendahara in Kuta Alam, Jalan Keuchik Saman in Beurawe and Jalan Terusan T. P. Nyak Tomb in Pango. Ten recommended evacuation routes to reach evacuation points are: (1.) Mainun Saleh-T. P. Polem-T. H. Bendahara (2.) Kuta Lam Panah-Pocut Meurah Insuen I-Bakti-Chik Kuta Karang-T. H. Bendahara (3.) T. Diblang/Teratai-Tgk. Hasyim Banta Muda-Darma-T. Malem I-T. H. Bendahara (4.) Al Ikhlas-Kenanga-Bahtera-Kasturi-Potemerehom-T. H. Bendahara (5.) Syiah Kuala-T. Hasan Dek-Keuchik Saman (6.) Anggur-Semangka-Kartika-Keuchik Amin-Keuchik Saman (7.) Cermai-Beringin-Kowera I-Cut Makmun-Keuchik Saman (8.) Ayah Gani-DR. T. Syarief Thayeb-T. Iskandar-Terusan T. P. Nyak Makam (9.) Mujahiddin-Tanggul-Stadion-T. P. Nyak Makam-Terusan T. P. Nyak Makam dan (10.) T. P. Nyak Makam-Terusan T. P. Nyak Makam. Keywords: Earthquake, Evacuation Routes, and Maps the Movement of People

TEACHER PERSPECTIVES ON HIGH SCHOOL IN ACEH PROVINCE ABOUT NATURAL DISASTERS Rina Fitri; Sulastri Sulastri; Ismail AB
JURNAL GEOGRAFI Vol 13, No 2 (2021): JURNAL GEOGRAFI
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jg.v13i2.23863

The Indonesian government has made efforts to restore the structure and development of school responses, including increasing knowledge, skills, and disaster management operating systems in schools. School leaders and teachers are expected to balance the need for standard operating procedures with the ability of organizational structures to respond to specific problems caused by disasters. Teacher enhancement is expected to provide a more active role for students and overcome their stress in post-disaster situations. This study aimed to examine the perspective of high school teachers on knowledge of natural disasters and natural disaster mitigation. A descriptive statistical approach is used to describe and explain teacher knowledge and mitigate natural disasters. Explaining how much influence or relationship between teachers' knowledge on disaster mitigation is done. The sample in this study was high school teachers in Aceh province, with 389 teachers. The research data collection used an instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The results showed that the perspective of high school teachers regarding knowledge of natural disasters was in the high category on average; the average teacher knew general knowledge of natural disasters, signs of catastrophe, classification of natural disasters, and causes of natural disasters. Not much different from the results of the teacher's perspective regarding natural disaster mitigation in the very high category, planning in the mitigation process, policies, operational disaster procedures, signs of disaster evacuation have been recognized by SMA teachers in Aceh province. The level of knowledge of high school teachers with mitigation has a significant relationship, so the higher the knowledge of high school teachers about natural disasters, the more high-school teachers can mitigate against natural disasters.Keywords: Teacher's Perspective, Natural Disaster Knowledge, Natural Disaster Mitigation, Regression Analysis

Determination of the crystallite size and crystal structure of magnesium powder by x-ray diffraction ISMAIL ISMAIL; RESI MULIANI; ZULFALINA ZULFALINA; SITI HAJAR SHEIKH MD FADZULLAH
Jurnal Natural Volume 20 Number 3, October 2020
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Magnesium powder has become an important material in the development of science and technology such as alloy and hydrogen storage. In this work, the chemical composition, crystallite size, and crystal structure of the magnesium powder sample have been studied by using x-ray fluorescent and x-ray diffraction. The x-ray diffraction data of the magnesium powder sample was analyzed by using the Rietveld method to obtain the crystal structure. Our results show that the purity of our magnesium powder sample is 93.1%. Our sample has good crystallinity with the average crystallite size of 31 nm. The crystal structure is found to be a hexagonal closed-packed structure with the lattice constants of 3.2100 Å (a and b-axis) and 5.2107 Å (c-axis). Our result revealed that the lattice constant in the c-axis of magnesium powder is influenced by impurity. This finding suggests that the impurity can affect the crystal structure of a material in general.

Determination of the crystallite size and crystal structure of magnesium powder by x-ray diffraction ISMAIL ISMAIL; RESI MULIANI; ZULFALINA ZULFALINA; SITI HAJAR SHEIKH MD FADZULLAH
Jurnal Natural Volume 20 Number 3, October 2020
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v20i3.16584

Magnesium powder has become an important material in the development of science and technology such as alloy and hydrogen storage. In this work, the chemical composition, crystallite size, and crystal structure of the magnesium powder sample have been studied by using x-ray fluorescent and x-ray diffraction. The x-ray diffraction data of the magnesium powder sample was analyzed by using the Rietveld method to obtain the crystal structure. Our results show that the purity of our magnesium powder sample is 93.1%. Our sample has good crystallinity with the average crystallite size of 31 nm. The crystal structure is found to be a hexagonal closed-packed structure with the lattice constants of 3.2100 Å (a and b-axis) and 5.2107 Å (c-axis). Our result revealed that the lattice constant in the c-axis of magnesium powder is influenced by impurity. This finding suggests that the impurity can affect the crystal structure of a material in general.

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