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PENGARUH NANOPARTIKEL ZnO TERHADAP STRUKTURMIKRO SEMEN GIGI SENG FOSFAT Tito Prastyo R.; Eriek Wahyu R. W.; Nofrizal Nofrizal; Dwi Wahyu N.; Radyum Ikono; Wahyu Bambang W.; Agus Sukarto; Siswanto Siswanto; Nurul Taufiqu Rochman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 13, No 4: Edisi Khusus Material untuk Kesehatan
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

PENGARUH NANOPARTIKEL ZnO TERHADAP STRUKTURMIKRO SEMEN GIGI SENG FOSFAT. Semen gigi berbasis seng fosfat (Zinc Phosphate Cement) merupakan bahan semen gigi tertua yang masih banyak digunakan hingga kini. Salah satu kelemahan semen gigi berbasis seng fosfat adalah sifat mekanisnya yang cenderung rendah. Pada penelitian ini, nanopartikel ZnO ditambahkan ke semen gigi berbasis seng fosfat dengan hipotesis bahwa akan terjadi penguatan sifat mekanis semen gigi. Penambahan dilakukan dengan variasi fraksi nanopartikel ZnO sebesar 0,1 g, 0,5 g, 1 g dan 1,5 g terhadap semen gigi seng fosfat yang kemudian dilakukan pembanding terhadap semen gigi tanpa penambahan nanopartikel ZnO. Metode yang digunakan berupa pembuatan pellet semen gigi (tebal 4mm dan diameter 4mm)melalui proses pencampuran bahan secara manual dan diakhiri dengan proses pencetakan. Hasil uji karakterisasi kekerasan dan kekuatan sampel pelet menghasilkan nilai yang linier terhadap penambahan nanopartikel ZnO, dimana nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan mengalami kenaikan seiring penambahan fraksi nanopartikel ZnO. Hasil analisis X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) menunjukan senyawa Zn3(PO4)24H2O dan Senyawa ZnO serta didukung dengan penampakannnya dalam analisis struktur permukaanmenggunakan Scanning ElectronMicroscope (SEM). Semen gigi yangmempunyai nilai kekerasan dan kuat tekan yang tinggi didukung oleh strukturmikro yang mempunyai jumlah crack yang sedikit dan persebaran nano ZnO yang homogen. Penambahan nanopartikel ZnO dapat diaplikasikan untuk meningkatkan nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan dalamsemen gigi.

PENGARUH NANOPARTIKEL ZnO TERHADAP STRUKTURMIKRO SEMEN GIGI SENG FOSFAT Tito Prastyo R.; Eriek Wahyu R. W.; Nofrizal Nofrizal; Dwi Wahyu N.; Radyum Ikono; Wahyu Bambang W.; Agus Sukarto; Siswanto Siswanto; Nurul Taufiqu Rochman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 13, No 4: Edisi Khusus Material untuk Kesehatan
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

PENGARUH NANOPARTIKEL ZnO TERHADAP STRUKTURMIKRO SEMEN GIGI SENG FOSFAT. Semen gigi berbasis seng fosfat (Zinc Phosphate Cement) merupakan bahan semen gigi tertua yang masih banyak digunakan hingga kini. Salah satu kelemahan semen gigi berbasis seng fosfat adalah sifat mekanisnya yang cenderung rendah. Pada penelitian ini, nanopartikel ZnO ditambahkan ke semen gigi berbasis seng fosfat dengan hipotesis bahwa akan terjadi penguatan sifat mekanis semen gigi. Penambahan dilakukan dengan variasi fraksi nanopartikel ZnO sebesar 0,1 g, 0,5 g, 1 g dan 1,5 g terhadap semen gigi seng fosfat yang kemudian dilakukan pembanding terhadap semen gigi tanpa penambahan nanopartikel ZnO. Metode yang digunakan berupa pembuatan pellet semen gigi (tebal 4mm dan diameter 4mm)melalui proses pencampuran bahan secara manual dan diakhiri dengan proses pencetakan. Hasil uji karakterisasi kekerasan dan kekuatan sampel pelet menghasilkan nilai yang linier terhadap penambahan nanopartikel ZnO, dimana nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan mengalami kenaikan seiring penambahan fraksi nanopartikel ZnO. Hasil analisis X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) menunjukan senyawa Zn3(PO4)24H2O dan Senyawa ZnO serta didukung dengan penampakannnya dalam analisis struktur permukaanmenggunakan Scanning ElectronMicroscope (SEM). Semen gigi yangmempunyai nilai kekerasan dan kuat tekan yang tinggi didukung oleh strukturmikro yang mempunyai jumlah crack yang sedikit dan persebaran nano ZnO yang homogen. Penambahan nanopartikel ZnO dapat diaplikasikan untuk meningkatkan nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan dalamsemen gigi.

SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE (ZNO) NANOPARTICLE BY MECHANO-CHEMICAL METHOD Siswanto Siswanto; Anita Yuliati; Mayasari Hariyanto
UNEJ e-Proceeding 2016: Proceeding The 1st International Basic Science Conference
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Zinc Oxide nanoparticle have been synthesized by mechano-chemical method. The method is reacting zinc chloride (ZnCl2), Natrium Carbonate (Na2CO3), Sodium Chloride (NaCl) into Zinc Carbonate (ZnCO3) and Sodium Chloride (NaCl). This research focuses on the effect of variations in the length of time milling to the size of particles formed. Milling time used in this research are 0 hours, 15 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 5 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours respectively. Calcination to remove CO2 carried out at a temperature of 4500C for 2 hours. This process may lead to aggregation of the particles so that the particles will swell due to the merger between the particles. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) removed by dissolving in aquadestilata with sonicator for 30 minutes a speed of 60 Hz. Characterization of the size of the particles formed is done using the Particle Size Analyzer. The measurement results show that the particles formed yet reached below 100 nm. 3 hours long milling time provides the best particle size is 135.6 nm. The particle size obtained when milling 1 and 7 hours respectively were 183.8 nm, 877.7 nm. ZnO compounds are formed for a variation of milling time 0 hours, 1 hour and 8 hours respectively was 12.55%, 13.31%, 14.8%.

Physical characteristic of brown algae (Phaeophyta) from madura strait as irreversible hydrocolloid impression material Prihartini Widiyanti; Siswanto Siswanto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 3 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Brown algae is a raw material for producing natrium alginates. One type of brown algae is Sargassum sp, a member of Phaeophyta division. Sargassum sp could be found in Madura strait Indonesia. Natrium alginate can be extracted from Sargassum sp. The demand of alginate in Indonesia is mainly fulfilled from abroad, meanwhile Sargassum sp is abundantly available. Purpose: The purpose of study were to explore the potency of brown alga Sargassum sp from Madura strait as hydrocolloid impression material and to examine its physical characteristic. Methods: The methods of research including extraction natrium alginate from Sargassum sp, synthesis of dental impression material and the test of porosity, density, viscosity, and water content of impression material which fulfilled the standard of material used in clinical application in dentistry. Results: Extraction result of Sargassum sp was natrium alginate powder with cream colour, odorless, and water soluble. The water content of natrium alginate was 21.64% and the viscosity was 0.7 cPs. The best porosity result in the sample with the addition of trinatrium phosphate 4% was 3.61%. Density value of impression material was 3 gr/cm3. Conclusion: The research suggested that brown algae Sargassum sp from Madura strait is potential as hydrocolloid impression material, due to its physical properties which close to dental impression material, but still need further research to optimize the physical characteristic.Latar belakang: Alga coklat adalah sumber bahan baku material natrium alginat. Salah satu jenis alga coklat adalah Sargassum sp yang merupakan anggota divisi Phaeophyta. Sargassum sp dapat ditemukan di Selat Madura Indonesia. Natrium alginat dapat diekstraksi dari Sargassum sp. Kebutuhan akan bahan ini di Indonesia sebagian besar dipenuhi dari impor, padahal ketersediaan Sargassum sp di Indonesia sangat melimpah. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi alga coklat Sargassum sp dari Selat Madura sebagai bahan cetak hidrokoloid dan meneliti karakteristik fisiknya. Metode: Tahap pertama adalah ekstraksi natrium alginat dari Sargassum sp, tahap kedua yaitu sintesis bahan cetak gigi dan menguji karakteristik bahan seperti porositas, densitas, viskositas, kadar air, bahan cetak yang memenuhi standar bahan yang digunakan dalam aplikasi klinis bidang Kedokteran Gigi. Hasil: Hasil ekstraksi berupa natrium alginat bubuk dengan warna krem, tidak berbau, dan dapat larut dalam air. Kadar air natrium alginat sebesar 21,64% dengan viskositas 0,7 cPs. Porositas terbaik dalam sampel dengan penambahan trinatrium fosfat 4% yaitu 3,61%. Nilai densitas bahan cetak 3 gr/cm3. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa alga coklat Sargassum sp dari Selat Madura memiliki potensi sebagai bahan cetak hydrocolloid kedokteran gigi karena memiliki karakter fisik yang mirip dengan bahan cetak kedokteran gigi, namun masih memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengoptimalkan karakter fisiknya.

In vivo characterization of polymer based dental cements Widiyanti P; Siswanto Siswanto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 4 (2011): December 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: In vivo studies investigating the characterization of dental cements have been demonstrated. As few in vitro studies on this cement system have been performed. Previous researches in dental material has been standardized dental cement which fulfilled the physical and mechanical characteristic such as shear strength but were on in vitro condition, the animal model and clinical study of dental cement from laboratory has not been done yet. This research examined physical and mechanical characteristic in vivo using rabbit by making the caries (class III) in anterior teeth especially in mesial or distal incisive, fulfilled the cavity by dental cement and analyzed the compressive strength, tensile strength, and microstructure using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Purpose: This study is aimed to describe the in vivo characterization of dental cements based on polymer (zinc phosphate cement, polycarboxylate, glass ionomer cement and zinc oxide eugenol). Methods: First, preparation was done on animal model’s teeth (6 rabbits, male, 5 months old). The cavity was made which involved the dentin. Then the cavity was filled with dental cement. After the filling procedure, the animal model should be kept until 21 days and than the compressive test, tensile test and microstructure was characterized. Compressive test and tensile test was analyzed using samples from extracted tooth and was measured with autograph. The microstructure test was measured using SEM. Results: The best compressive strength value was belongs to zinc phosphate cement which was 101.888 Mpa and the best tensile strength value was belongs to glass ionomer cement which was 6.555 Mpa. Conclusion: In conclusion, comparing with 3 others type of dental cements which are zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate and glass ionomer cement, zinc oxide eugenol cement has the worst for both physical and mechanical properties.Latar belakang: Studi in vivo meneliti karakterisasi secara in vivo dari semen gigi. Beberapa studi in vitro di bidang ini telah dilakukan. Beberapa riset di bidang material gigi telah menghasilkan semen gigi yang memenuhi standart sifat fisik dan mekanik seperti regangan dan kekuatan secara in vitro, sedangkan uji in vivo dan uji klinis dari semen gigi dari laboratorium belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini menguji karakteristik fisik dan mekanik semen gigi menggunakan hewan coba kelinci dengan membuat karies kelas III di gigi anterior terutama di permukaan mesial atau distal insisif, mengisi kavitas dengan semen gigi dan menganalisa kekuatan tekan, kekuatan tarik dan struktur mikronya dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM). Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran karakterisasi in vivo semen gigi berbahan dasar polimer (semen seng fosfat, polikarboksilat, ionomer kaca dan seng oksida eugenol). Metode: Pertama, kami melakukan preparasi pada gigi hewan coba (6 kelinci, jantan, usia 5 bulan). Kemudian kita membuat kavitas yang melibatkan dentin. Lalu kami menumpat kavitas dengan semen gigi. Setelah prosedur penumpatan, hewan coba dipelihara selama 21 hari dan dikarakterisasi kekuatan tekan, kekuatan tarik dan struktur mikronya. Kekuatan tekan dan kekuatan tarik dianalisa dari sampel uji gigi hewan coba yang diekstraksi dan diukur dengan autograf. Struktur mikronya diuji dengan SEM. Hasil: Hasil nilai kuat tekan terbaik diperoleh oleh semen seng fosfat (zinc phosphate cement) sebesar 101,888 Mpa dan nilai kuat tarik semen gigi terbaik adalah semen gelas ionomer (glass ionomer cement) sebesar 6,555 Mpa. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan, dari ketiga jenis bahan semen yaitu seng fosfat, polikarboksilat, dan ionomer kaca, yang mempunyai sifat fisik dan mekanikal terburuk adalah semen ionomer kaca.

In vitro effect of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser exposure on morphology, hydroxyapatite composition and microhardness properties of human dentin Retna Apsari; Siswanto Siswanto; Anita Yuliati; Noriah Bidin
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 4 (2011): December 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was employed as a source of ablation. The fundamental wavelength of the laser is 1064 nm, with pulse duration of 8 nanosecond operates with uniphase mode of TEM00. In the following experiments, dentin samples (without caries and plaque) are exposed to pulse laser with Q-switching effect at various energy dose. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of laser ablation on dentin samples using Q-switched Nd:YAG laser exposure. Methods: The laser was operated in repetitive mode with frequency of 10 Hz. The energy dose of the laser was ranging from 13.9 J/cm2, 21.2 J/cm2 and 41.7 J/cm2. The target material comprised of human dentin. The laser was exposed in one mode with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Energy delivered to the target through free beam technique. The exposed human dentin was examined by using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluoresence scanning electron microscopy for energy dispersive (FESEM-EDAX). Microhardness of human dentin were examined by using microhardness vickers test (MVT). Results: The result obtained showed that the composition of hydroxyapatite of the dentin after exposed by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser are 75.02% to 78.21%, with microhardness of 38.7 kgf/mm2 to 86.6 kgf/mm2. This indicated that exposed pulsed Nd:YAG laser on the human dentin attributed to the phototermal effect. The power density created by the Q-switched Nd:YAG laser enables the heat to produce optical breakdown (melting and hole) associated with plasma formation and shock wave propagation, from energy dose of 21.2 J/cm2. From XRD analysis showed that the exposure of Nd:YAG laser did not involve in changing the crystal structure of the dentin, but due to photoablation effect. Conclusion: In conclusion, the application of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser as contactless drills in dentistry should be regarded as an alternative to the classical mechanical technique to improve the quality of the dentin treatment.Latar belakang: Mode Q-Switch pada laser Nd:YAG dapat menghasilkan fenomena ablasi pada dentin. Laser Nd:YAG yang digunakan mempunyai panjang gelombang 1064 nm, durasi pulsa 8 ns beroperasi dengan mode TEM00. Sampel dentin yang digunakan tanpa karies dan plak, yang dipapari laser dengan mode Q-switch dalam berbagai variasi dosis energi. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengamati efek ablasi dentin secara in vitro akibat paparan laser Nd:YAG Q-switch dengan pengamatan morfologi permukaan, komposisi hidroksiapatit, dan uji kekerasan mikro. Metode: Laser Nd:YAG Q-switch dengan frekuensi 10 Hz dan variasi dosis energi 13,9 J/cm2, 21,2 J/cm2 dan 41,7 J/cm2 ditembakkan pada sampel dentin manusia dengan teknik penyinaran bebas tanpa dilewatkan serat optik. Dentin yang terbuka diamati menggunakan x-ray diffraction (XRD) dan fluoresence scanning electron microscopy for energy dispersive (FESEM-EDAX). Kekerasan mikro dari dentin juga diamati menggunakan microhardness vickers test (MVT). Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi hidroksiapatit dari dentin setelah paparan laser Nd:YAG Q-Switch menunjukkan peningkatan berkisar 75,02% sampai 78,21% dibandingkan normal, dengan kekerasan mikro berkisar 38,7 kgf/mm2 sampai 86,6 kgf/mm2. Perubahan pada struktur mikro tersebut disebakan karena adanya efek fototermal. Kerapatan daya yang bervariasi berdasarkan variasi dosis energi menyebabkan efek panas pada dentin yang menyebabkan adanya fenomena optical breakdown, yang ditandai dengan munculnya efek leleh dan lubang pada sampel karena produksi plasma dan adanya gelombang kejut, mulai dosis 21,2 J/cm2. Berdasarkan uji XRD, efek yang muncul pada dentin tidak menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan struktur kristal hidroksiapatit, tetapi menyebabkan perubahan komposisi hidroksiapatit yang disebut dengan fotoablasi. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan mode Q-switched pada laser Nd:YAG sebagai alat dengan kontak minimal dapat dijadikan teknik alternatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas perawatan dental.

The Community Empowerment Policy to Lead A Clean and Healthy Life in Indonesia Rr. Herini Siti Aisyah; M. Hadi Shubhan; Nur Basuki Minarno; Siswanto Siswanto; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Siswandi Hendarta; Raissa Virgy Rianda; Rama Azalix Rianda; Ahmad Munir; Heru Irianto
Sriwijaya Law Review Volume 7, Issue 1 January 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28946/slrev.Vol7.Iss1.1367.pp173-188

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB) is influenced by some factors such as knowledge, attitudes, economic status, and supports from health and social officers. Increasing the knowledge of CHLB in the household structure is very important. The regulation on Health Development Program concerns the guidelines for implementing healthy Indonesian programs with a family approach. Several obstacles involved the queue of patients, doctors, installation and emergency room, and working hours. This study aims to examine community empowerment policies for clean and healthy living behaviours, which are expected to be a solution to restrictions on several aspects of health facilities, increasing population and demands better service quality. The research method uses a socio-legal qualitative approach. Supporting Legal is collected. Field research is also conducted. In-depth interviews and FGDs carried out data collection. This study concludes that community empowerment is carried out using an educational approach involving community and religious leaders. Community empowerment aims to develop community knowledge and skills, use health facilities, and create health institutions that originate from the community. Critical awareness must be built by forming a Clean and Healthy Community Movement group to give the community a CHLB. Empowering people to live clean and healthy lives takes a long time and consistently. For this reason, there is a need for legal instruments that must be enforced strictly and with wisdom.

Performance of Corrosion Behavior of Commercial Magnesium Alloy Anode Electrode in Seawater-Powered Lamps Rezza Ruzuqi; Eko Tavip Maryanto; Muhamad Ali Ulat; Dwi Rosalina; Ar Hanung Triyono; Siswanto Siswanto
Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS)
Publisher : Yayasan Riset dan Pengembangan Intelektual (YRPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37385/jaets.v6i1.5340

The development of environmentally friendly alternative technologies, such as seawater batteries, is increasingly important in addressing energy needs. This study aims to analyze the corrosion behavior of a magnesium alloy anode electrode used in seawater batteries with varying salinity levels. Five commercial anode electrode samples were prepared, each immersed in a salt solution with different concentrations: 14g, 16g, 18g, 20g, and 22g in 380 ml of distilled water. Potentiodynamic testing was conducted to measure the corrosion potential (Ecorr), corrosion current (Icorr), and corrosion rate. The results showed that an increase in salt concentration significantly increased the corrosion rate. The sample with the highest salt concentration (22g) produced a corrosion potential of 1.5419 Volts, a corrosion current of 0.0010 Amps/cm², and a corrosion rate of 12.5850 mm/year. These findings indicate that the corrosion rate increases with higher salinity. The study concludes that there is a positive correlation between salinity and corrosion rate, with future research expected to focus on additional treatments to improve electrode performance.

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