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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business International Research Journal of Business Studies (E-Journal) Humaniora International Journal of Communication and Society Jurnal Manajemen Jurnal Ekonomi Perusahaan ASEAN Marketing Journal Journal of International Conference Proceedings Journal of Business Studies and Management Review Global Research on Economy, Business, Communication, and Information
Bilson Simamora
Institut Bisnis Dan Informatika Kwik Kian Gie
Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Public Health Social Sciences

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Achievement goals model validation: Is the 2X2 better than the Trichotomous? Bilson Simamora; Elisabeth Vita Mutiarawati
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 10, No 1: March 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v10i1.20869

Abstract

Achievement motivation evolved fast in the educational field. In this development, the trichotomous and the 2X2 models received myriad attention from the educational specialist. However, there is a debate about which is better between the two models. This study aimed to intercede this debate and argue that the study's duration should be accounted for in the validation. Approach goals should dominate new students' achievement goals, and old students' achievement goals will show the balance of approach and avoidance goals. For these reasons, this study gathers the data from 350 new students and 203 old students. Confirmatory factor analysis reveals that the trichotomous is the best model for new student segments. While for the old student segment, the 2X2 model shows its efficacy. Therefore, for the new students' segment, achievement goals consist of mastery-approach, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals. For the old students, besides those three-goal orientations, mastery-avoidance goals are also included. As expected, the independent sample t-test shows that new students have higher mastery-approach and performance-approach goals than old students have. Self-efficacy is more influential in the new than old student segments, as shown by simple linear regression. This study is still stuck to a single cross-sectional design. Further research can utilize longitudinal research with segmental-based analysis and pay attention to gender, major, social class, or other potential moderation variables.
How Proponents and Opponents Influence Achievement Motivation: The Role of the Anticipated Emotions of Other People Bilson Simamora
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business Vol 23, No 1 (2021): January-April
Publisher : Master in Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/gamaijb.44042

Abstract

There are countless studies about the influence of other people’s emotions on individuals' behavior. However, the influence of proponents' and opponents' future emotions on achievement motivation remains unclear. This study aims to fill this gap. Therefore, departing from the emotional intelligence theory, the author materializes the anticipated emotions of other people concept and tests it using a static group experimental design with success and failure scenarios, involving 203 participants chosen judgmentally. When reminded of the proponents' joyfulness caused by their success, the Mann-Whitney U test with normal approximation, supported by the Monte Carlo estimation, shows that the mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals of the experimental group are enhanced. Whereas, when reminded that they would be envied and make the opponents feel distressed, the performance-approach goals are improved. In the failure scenario, when the participants were directed to the proponents' distress, as a response to their failure, the four components of the achievement goals are increased: mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance. However, the opponents' joyfulness, anticipated as a malicious schadenfreude to the participants' failure, is only successful in stimulating the performance-avoidance goals.  A Bayesian estimate with 5,000 times bootstrapping reveals that self-efficacy mediates the influence of the proponents' anticipated joyfulness on the mastery-approach fully, and on the performance-approach goals in a complementary way. Complementary mediation is also apparent in the impact of the proponents' distress on the mastery-approach and mastery-avoidance goals. Above all, love for the proponents is more potent than hatred from social environments for increasing the achievement motivation. Further research is encouraged to replicate this study with different social behavior.
Silent Competition among Students: How Schadenfreude and Social Envy Influence Rating-based Achievement Motivation Bilson Simamora
Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology Vol 10 No 1 March 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jehcp.v10i1.18129

Abstract

Schadenfreude and social envy have attracted human interest for thousands of years. However, little is know about how they influence achievement motivation in a hierarchical and competitive social environment. To overcome this problem, inspired by Mayer and Salovey’s (1997) emotional intelligence theory, the author develops rivals' anticipated emotions (RAE) and models how the sense of being envied and become the schadenfreude target influence the motivation to avoid the decrease of or to increase current competitive position.  The study follows Higgin's (1997) self-regulatory framework in students' context. In the schadenfreude scenario, as part of self-protection, the study proposes that the sense of being a schadenfreude target, represented by rivals' anticipated joyfulness (RAJ), influences students' motivation to avoid the decrease of current competitive position (prevention focus), especially for those who occupy upper and medium positions. Rivals' anticipated distress (RAD) that represents the sense of being envied stimulates students' motivation to increase competitive position (promotion focus), especially for those who occupy the lower and medium position. When working together, the RAJ and RAD stimulate promotion and avoidance motivations simultaneously, especially among mediocre students. Future researchers can widen their investigation into intergroup schadenfreude and social envy research domains. 
Significant Other’s Anticipated Emotions Increase Student’s Intention to Avoid Smoking Bilson Simamora
Humaniora Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): Humaniora
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/humaniora.v12i2.6884

Abstract

The research started with a premise that individuals could take the initiative and regulate their behavior to generate Significant Others’ Anticipated Emotions (SOAEs). Could the SOAEs function as a social element of behavior in addition to subjective norms (SN)? The research aimed to answer this question. Therefore, the researcher extended the Theory of  Planned Behavior (TPB) and argued that the SOAEs influenced behavioral intention through attitude toward behavior based on cognitive balance theory. In the smoking abstinence behavioral context, the researcher tested the extended model. The data from 242 respondents chosen conveniently, analyzed using structural equation modeling, revealed that Significant Others’ Anticipated Joyfulness (SOAJ) for smoking abstinence behavior and Significant Others’ Anticipated Distress (SOAD) for smoking behavior positively influences anti-smoking behavior through attitude. Moreover, the sole influence of the SOAJ and cumulative influence of SOAJ and SOAD on smoking abstinence intention are higher than that of the SN. As a new component of TPB, the SOAEs complement and do not rival the SN. Other researchers can utilize a longitudinal research design and test the extended model in different contexts of behaviors.
RETRACTED: The Quest for Inauthenticity: How Indonesian Bikers Co-Produce Value through Brand Camouflage (pp.121-139) Bilson Simamora
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF BUSINESS STUDIES Vol 7, No 2 (2014): August-November 2014
Publisher : Universitas Prasetiya Mulya

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Abstract

Anticipated emotions of significant others as social influence: Can they predict students’ smoking abstinence continuance intention? Simamora Bilson
Jurnal Ekonomi Perusahaan Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Business and Entrepreneurship Department, Kwik Kian Gie School of Business and Information Technology, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (820.726 KB) | DOI: 10.46806/jep.v28i1.819

Abstract

In the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991), subjective norms (SN) represent social influence on an individual's behavior. This famous model of behavior postulates that an individual is under pressure or expectation of significant others to perform or not to perform a behavior. This study starts from the premise that an individual can take the initiative and regulate his or her behavior to generate anticipated emotion of significant others’ (AESO). The question is, can the AESO function as the SN to represent the social factor in influencing students' smoking abstinence continuance intention? To answer this question, the author conducts the study upon 235 non-smoker students. The result is; first, negative AESO can carry out that function. However, positive AESO and SN fail to do so. Therefore, besides the SN, as shown by this study, the AESO, represented by negative AESO, can be regarded as a social influence component of an individual's behavioral intention. Other researchers are encouraged to validate this finding in different contexts of behavior.
Strategic decisional beliefs: Conceptualization and empirical research Bilson Simamora
Jurnal Ekonomi Perusahaan Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : Business and Entrepreneurship Department, Kwik Kian Gie School of Business and Information Technology, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1033.554 KB) | DOI: 10.46806/jep.v28i2.828

Abstract

Extant studies hold that the decision quality at the very moment of choice indicates future task accomplishment. However, regarding individual-making, the decision’s strategic nature still received little attention from scientists so far. For that reason, the author utilizes the strategic decision dimensions of justifiability, confidence, and satisfaction to form a new concept called strategic decisional beliefs. Making self-efficacy, motivation, subjective well-being, loyalty, and switching likelihood as the concept’s consequences under investigation, the author tests the concept using data from 350 new students chosen judgmentally. As expected, exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood extraction offers only one latent variable for the three underlined dimensions. Further investigation with confirmatory factor analysis indicates that all items are internally valid, reliable, and solidly merged into a single construct with a close fit measurement model. Good-fit structural equation modeling with Lisrel 8.8 successfully confirms that strategic decisional beliefs predict the specified consequences strongly. Interestingly, the construct has better structural validity in a unidimensional than a multidimensional form. This study still relies on a single cross-sectional design. Hopefully, further research can utilize a longitudinal design to investigate how strategic decisional beliefs predict individuals’ actual performance, satisfaction, and loyalty. Original Article   |   Turnitin  
Decision, intention, expectation, willingness, and volition: Critics and comments Bilson Simamora
Jurnal Ekonomi Perusahaan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Business and Entrepreneurship Department, Kwik Kian Gie School of Business and Information Technology, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (644.902 KB) | DOI: 10.46806/jep.v29i1.834

Abstract

There are thousands of studies aimed at predicting future behavior. The most outstanding concept in those quests is behavioral intention. However, many researchers fell into misusing those concepts, raising the inaccuracy of the prediction. Many researchers paid no considerable attention to the specific context of their study. This article aims to give the direction to avoid that trap and to straighten out the proper use of the concept of decision, goal intentions, specific intention, implementation, behavioral expectation, behavioral willingness, and volition. The author also outlines their relevance to a particular behavior. Original Article | Turnitin
Achievement as Gift and Prestige: Formulating Anticipated Emotion of Others as New Determinant of Consumer Motivation Simamora, Bilson
ASEAN Marketing Journal Vol. 8, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Emotion is central component of consumer behavior. This concept, that is borrowed from psychology, is now widely and applied studied in marketing. Two major approaches used by marketing researchers are, first, behavior causes emotions and second, emotions cause behavior. In the second approach, marketing researchers study anticipated emotions of the actors and their consequences on the actors¡¯ behavior. The interesting question, how is anticipated emotion of others on the actor¡¯s behavior? This study is purposed to answer that question. The author studies potential emotions of others that accompany future individuals¡¯ achievement when achievement is considered as gift to significant others or prestige source for the individuals. In doing so, the author develops anticipated emotion of others concept, conceptual model, and related propositions. Discussion, direction for further research, and the contributions of the study to the academic and practical worlds are also presented.
PASSION AND SELF-EFFICACY BASED DECISION QUALITY: CONCEPTUALIZATION AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH Simamora, Bilson
ASEAN Marketing Journal Vol. 11, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Manuscript type: Research article Research Aims: I the marketing domain, consumer decision quality conceptualization still leaves unfulfilled nodes. When the decisions are made under uncertainty, decision outcomes occurred in the long run, and decision outcomes are determined mostly by customer participation in the value creation process; decision satisfaction as a decision quality sole indicator has less power. Therefore, this study offers passion-and self-efficacy-based decision quality in which passion and self-efficacy acted as a unidimensional construct in its function as a decision quality indicator. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a cross-sectional design. The data were collected with a survey using online questionnaires from 350 conveniently chosen respondents. The data are analyzed using structural equation modeling. Research Findings: Passion and self-efficacy based decision quality is a valid and reliable construct that is also more powerful and has better goodness-of-fit than decision satisfaction in representing decision quality. Its influence on mastery goals is higher than on avoidance goals. Approach motivation goals influence loyalty intention positively and likelihood to switch negatively. Avoidance motivation goals influence loyalty intention negatively and switching likelihood positively. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Passion and self-efficacy-based decision quality is a concept that is still limited to the present study and can be considered as new to the scientific world. Practitioner/Policy Implication: To increase loyalty intention, a university can fertilize approach achievement and decrease avoidance achievement motivations. Research limitation/Implications: Further research is encouraged to utilize longitudinal design to check a decision and its effect stabilities' in two or more different time points.
Co-Authors Christopher, Anthony Elisabeth Vita Mutiarawati Fellysia, Fellysia Natassja, Eileen Nurdin, Vinny Rosari, Theodora Lady Supriyatno, Christianus Adityo Wakari, Tesalonika Sifren Wijaya, Natalia Rebecca Audrey