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. Hudiyono
Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Efektivitas Desinfektan Karbol 4% di Ruang Isolasi Barat ICU RSUD Dr. Moewardi Brenda Ervistya Pertiwi; . Hudiyono; . Purwoko
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 2 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Nosocomial infection still becomes a global health problem. An attempt to reduce the risk of nosocomial infections in the ICU (intensive care unit) room of RSUD Dr. Moewardi, 4% carbol has been used routinely in disinfection. This study was to know the effectiveness of 4% carbol disinfectant in West Isolation Room of ICU in RSUD Dr. Moewardi. This study was an analytical observational research with a cross sectional approach. The samples collected from ICU resulted from three groups. Each group was 15 samples, collected from swabbing the floor and the wall (grown on agar), and from the air (grown on blood agar). For each group, 5 samples were taken at 6 am (1 hour before disinfection), at 9 am (2 hours after disinfection) and at 12 pm (5 hours after disinfection). The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon experiment Based on the standard of germs limit on wall, floor (5-10 colony/cm2) and air (?200 cfu/m3) at intensive care unit, the result from swabbing the wall and air samples showed that the disinfection was 100% effective. Whereas, the result from swabbing the floor was only 13.33% effective. Between germs number from swabbing the wall collected at 6 am and 9 am represented a significant reduction (p = 0.042). On the other hand, there was no significant reduction of germ number between which were collected at 6 am and 12 pm (p = 0.068) as well as between 9 am and 12 pm (p = 1.000). In addition, there was also no significant reduction of germs number resulting from swabbing the floor between collected at 6 am and 9 am (p = 0.080); 6 am and 12 pm (p = 0.080); and 9 am and 12 pm (p = 0.068). Furthermore, the number of air germs between collected at 6 am and 9 am represented a significant reduction (p = 0.043). But, there was no significant reduction between collected at 6 am and 12 pm (p = 0.225), as well as at 9 am and 12 pm (p = 0.715). Disinfection with 4% carbol in west isolation room of ICU RSUD Dr. Moewardi showed effectively controlling germs number on the wall and the air, but it was not effectively controlling on the floor. Keyword: disinfectant, carbon 4%, germs number.
Perbedaan Efektivitas antara Sterilisasi Dialyzer secara Manual dan Otomatis di Rumah Sakit DR.Moewardi Dezca Nindita; . Hudiyono; Endang Sutisna Sulaeman
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 2 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Dialyzer is a critical medical equipment having high risk of microorganism contamination. Because of economical reason, dialyzer reuse is performed as first choice in Indonesia. The making of dialyzer reuse starts from rinsing, priming test and sterilization itself. Sterilization method of dialyzer that has been carried out in Rumah Sakit Dr. Moewardi is manual and automatic sterilization. Method: This was an observational study using cross sectional design. Samples taken by consecutive sampling technique were collected from the last rinsing of NaCl right before the dialyzer was used. This NaCl samples were collected from dialyzer which were sterilized manually and automatically, each, 15 samples. The difference of posistive growth of bacteria cultures of both methods was analyzed by Chi square test, while the difference of the number of colony forming unit was analyzed by independent T test. Result: Fifteen samples of the last rinsing of NaCl from dialyzer sterilized manually showed there were 10 samples positive contaminated and 5 samples negative. While from dialyzer sterilized automatically showed there were 8 samples positive contaminated and 7 samples negative. All positive samples were contaminated by positive Gram bacteria. The statistical analyses showed no significant difference of both based on quality (p = 0.456) and quantity (p = 156). Conclusion: There was bacterial contamination as many as 10 samples (66.6%) of dialyzer which was sterilized manually and 8 samples (53.3%) of dialyzer which was sterilized automatically. There was no significant difference statistically on the effectiveness between manual and automatic sterilization. Keywords: dialyzer reuse, manual sterilization, automatic sterilization.
Interferon Gamma of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta Hanif Hary Setyawan; . Hudiyono; . Marwoto; Afiono Agung Prasetyo
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Interferon-? (IFN-?) produced by CD4+(Th1) T cells plays a critical role in immunityto tuberculosis infection. MDR-TB patients have decreased T cell IFN-?production capacity. Data of IFN-? plasma level of MDR-TB patients in Indonesia, include its association with age and gender, are not yet known. This study was aimed to identify the profile of IFN-? on plasma of MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta and its association with age and gender. Methods: Blood samples and medical records data from 43 MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological test was done to measure IFN-?titer. Results: Twenty samples (46.5%, 20/43) had elevated IFN-? level in their plasma. Elevated IFN-? level was more likely to be found in women (OR 3.63; 95% CI 1.02-12.94) and respondentsaged 21-30 years (OR 4.5; 95% CI 0.79-25.57). No association between elevation of IFN-? level with age (p = 0.450) and gender (p = 0.067). Conclusions: Elevated IFN-? level was found in 46.5% of MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta.Elevated IFN-? level was more likely to be found in women and respondents aged 21-30 years. Keywords: IFN-g, MDR-TB, Surakarta
Uji Sterilitas Instrumen Bedah Selama Penyimpanan di Kamar Operasi IGD RSUD Dr. Moewardi Rizki Banjar Kurniawan; . Hudiyono; . Purwoko
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 2 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in RSUD Dr. Moewardi still occurs frequently. SSI strongly relates to the sterilization quality of surgical instrument which is determined by the stage of sterilization process that includes cleaning, packaging, ordering in sterilizer, sterilizing process, distribution, and storage. The maximum storage length of sterile surgical instrument in IGD operating chamber of RSUD Dr. Moewardi is seven days. This research aimed to know the sterilization rate of surgical instrument stored in IGD operating chamber of RSUD Dr. Moewardi. Methods: Five samples were taken from post-steriliziation surgical instrument swab with varied storage length, those were 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, and 7 days. A total of 35 samples were collected based on the rule of thumb with simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test. Results: The result of 5 samples of surgical instrument swab after 1 day storage was 1 positive sample with contamination and 4 negative samples. From 5 samples of surgical instrument swab after 2 and 3 days storage, there was not any positively contaminated samples. Five samples of surgical instrument swab after 4 and 5 days storage showed 4 samples positively contaminated and 1 sample negative. From 5 samples of surgical instrument swab after 6 and 7 days storage, there were 3 samples positively contaminated and 2 samples negative. The microorganisms of contaminant found were gram positive bacteria. The statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between the length of surgical instrument storage and the contamination of microorganism (p = 0.017). Conclusions: There was a significant difference of bacteria growth rate on surgical instruments based on storage length. Surgical instruments stored in IGD operating chamber of RSUD Dr. Moewardi > 3 days were 33 times more likely contaminated than the surgical instruments stored ? 3 days (OR = 32,67; p < 0,001). Keywords: sterility, contamination of surgical instrument, storage length.
Co-Authors . Marwoto . Purwoko Afiono Agung Prasetyo Brenda Ervistya Pertiwi Dezca Nindita Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Hanif Hary Setyawan Rizki Banjar Kurniawan