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Karakterisasi Polutan Logam dan Potensi Radioaktif dalam E-Liquid Rokok Elektrik Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Naristiana Putra, Alif Aziz; Bimastyaji Surya Ramadhan; Ika Bagus Priyambodo
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes have become a popular alternative for smokers, but research on the pollutants contained in these products remains limited, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to characterise the metal content and radioactive potential of e-liquid from electronic cigarettes marketed in Indonesia. Five e-liquid samples from popular brands were selected based on user surveys and analysed to detect potential hazards. The samples consisted of mango-flavoured saline nicotine e-liquid with a nicotine concentration of 30 mg, which was analysed using neutron activation analysis (NAA) and total alpha and beta radiation measurements. The results showed the presence of heavy metals such as aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) with varying concentrations between samples. Aluminium was the dominant metal with the highest concentration reaching 66.256 ± 6.131 µg/g. Although alpha and beta radiation activity was below the detection limit, the presence of certain heavy metals, such as nickel and arsenic, indicates potential health and environmental risks. This study provides valuable insights into the contaminants in e-liquid products in Indonesia, which can be used as a basis for developing regulations to improve product safety.
Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Load and Emission Reduction from Switching to Electric Vehicles: A Case Study of Java Island Wicaksono, Surya Adi; Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Samadikun, Budi Prasetyo; Joyosemito, Ibnu Susanto
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 21, No 3 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v21i3.773-792

Abstract

In order to  mitigate the impact of climate change  arising from Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions generated from the transportation sector, many countries  including Indonesia, have  initiated to develop policies to encourage environmentally friendly transportation technologies. Electric vehicles  represent a highly sustainable  alternative when compared to conventional vehicles. This study aims to  assess the potential reduction of GHG emissions from the shifting  to electric vehicle utilization on Java Island. The research method was conducted by modeling conventional vehicles until 2033 where there was a transition to electric vehicles throughout the model year and then calculating the GHG emission.  This study employs three scenarios : Business As Usual (BAU), Electric Vehicle Plan (EVP) with existing scenario power plant and Electric Vehicle Plan (EVP) with National Energy Plan (NEP) scenario power plant.  Model results revealed potential GHG emission reductions within 12.11% from the Existing EVP scenario and 12.54% from the NEP scenario against the BAU scenario  due to the shifting usege of electric vehicles on Java island. Based on the model results, it is possible to determine that shifting from conventional vehicles to electric vehicles can reduce GHG emissions from conventional vehicle use.
Assimilative Capacity of Air Pollutants Using Emission Inventory and Dispersion Model Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Samadikun, Budi Prasetyo; Manullang, Okto Risdianto; Khasanah, Nurul
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 20, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2025)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v20i1.43810

Abstract

Air pollution in urban areas will increase along with increasing population activity. This study, with the location of Magelang Regency, examines the carrying capacity and capacity of air pollution. The study began with the identification of emission inventories for transportation, household, waste burning and industrial activities. The results of the inventory were used to examine the distribution of air pollutants. The results of the emission inventory in Magelang Regency showed that the transportation sector was the dominant contributor of emissions compared to the waste, household and industrial sectors with an emission load of 2-3.5 times higher. The transportation sector contributes dominantly to the NO2 parameter (94%) and PM parameter (72%), with a relatively similar contribution to the industrial sector in the SO2 parameter (40%). Dispersion modeling showed that the distribution of emissions was even throughout Magelang Regency and showed an accumulation of emissions, especially for the NO2 parameter which was centered on the arterial and collector road networks. When compared to the Ambient Air Quality Standard in Indonesia, the maximum concentration values for SO2, NO2 and PM parameters are still below the quality standard. However, the NO2 parameter needs to be considered because its concentration value has reached 75% of AAQS. Based on environmental carrying capacity, Tegalrejo, Mungkid and Mertoyudan sub-districts are still in good condition, while Secang and Tempuran sub-districts need to carry out mitigation and emission reduction efforts so that air quality is maintained because the air quality index shows moderate and unhealthy quality respectively
Potential Use of Waste Biodrying Products as Cofiring Steam Power Plants (PLTU Labuhan Angin) Harianja, Ria Wenny; Zaman, Badrus; Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science Vol. 4 No. 8 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/ijoms.v4i8.1129

Abstract

Sustainable waste management is an important challenge in facing the energy and environmental crisis. One of the solutions that has begun to be developed is the use of biodrying technology, which is the process of drying organic waste using biological activity and aeration to reduce moisture content and increase the calorific value. This study aims to examine the potential of waste biodrying products as an alternative fuel in the cofiring process at the Labuhan Angin Steam Power Plant (PLTU). The methodology used includes the analysis of biodrying product characteristics, measurement of calorific values, as well as technical and environmental feasibility studies in cofiring applications. The results show that biodrying products have a calorific value that is competitive enough to be used as a partial substitute for coal, and can reduce carbon emissions and environmental burden. The implementation of cofiring with waste biodrying has the potential to contribute to the clean energy transition and reduce the volume of waste disposed of in landfills.
Air Pollution Control Analysis at the Tofu Industry Center in Sugihmanik Village, Grobogan Regency Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Ramadan, Bimastyaji Surya; Undari, Melinda Tri; Fauziyah, Fitria Umi; Syafei, Wahyul Amien; Jassey, Babucarr
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.70130

Abstract

Air pollution in Grobogan Regency, especially particulate parameters, annually shows an average value of 69% of ambient air quality standards with an average concentration of PM2.5 reaching 38 μg/m³, primarily due to industrial activities, transportation, and the burning of fossil fuels. In the Sugihmanik Village Tofu Industrial Centre, Grobogan Regency, there are 30 home-based tofu SMEs that use rice husks as fuel for boiler furnaces, which produce pollutants such as SO₂, NO₂, CO₂, CO, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, and TSP. The largest tofu factory in Sugihmanik Village uses 400 kg of rice husks daily. The chimney design, which does not comply with the technical standards of Kepdal No. 205 of 1996, further increases the risk of air pollution. Therefore, the design of an air pollution control device and a chimney redesign are required to mitigate these negative effects. After calculating the emission concentrations and comparing them with PermenLH No. 7 of 2007, only total particle parameter close to the quality standard of 350 mg/m3 with a particulate loading emitted from the furnace of 232 mg/s. By using a cyclone as an emission control device, there is a particulate removal efficiency of 53.05%. With the implementation of air pollution control devices, the ambient air concentration of particulates, previously a peak concentration of around 300 µg/m3, can be reduced to around 68.8 µg/m3.
Perencanaan Strategi Reduksi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca pada Sektor Energi Putri, Nabila Salma; Budiarti, Eka; Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Haryanti, Nurandani
Jurnal Teknologi Riset Terapan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Januari
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jatra.v2i1.4602

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to inventory and forecast Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and formulate effective emission reduction strategies in the transportation and industrial sectors of Kendal Regency, with projections extending from 2024 to 2033. Methodology: This study employs Tier 1 and Tier 2 calculation methods based on the IPCC guidelines. Emission projections are modeled under a Business as Usual (BAU) scenario. Mitigation strategies were developed by assessing international best practices and adapting them to the local conditions. Result: By 2033, GHG emissions in the transportation sector are projected to reach 1,596,350 tons of CO? equivalent (CO?eq), while industrial sector emissions are estimated at 111,530.09 tons of CO?eq. The mitigation strategies proposed for the transportation sector could reduce emissions by up to 28%, whereas industrial sector strategies have the potential to cut emissions by up to 76%. Conclusions: Comprehensive mitigation strategies can significantly curb GHG emissions in Kendal Regency. The combination of technological advancements and policy-based interventions offers a robust framework for achieving substantial reductions across both sectors. Limitations: This study is limited by the availability and accuracy of local emission factor data and the assumptions used in BAU projections, which may not fully capture dynamic policy changes or technological breakthroughs. Contribution: This study provides a localized GHG emissions model for Kendal Regency, offering actionable, evidence-based strategies to policymakers and stakeholders to advance regional climate action goals.
Identifying Concentration of Carbon Dioxide at Heights of 1.5 M and 15 M in Six Locations in Urban Areas Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Manullang, Okto Risdianto; Samadikun, Budi P
Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022): November
Publisher : Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21771/jrtppi.2022.v13.no2.p1-9

Abstract

Several activities in urban areas emit CO2 gas and the amount of the emission is closely related to land use. This will, in turn, increase global warming phenomena in urban areas. So far, the estimation of pollutant concentrations in the ambient air has been carried out at the height of human breath, and very rarely the concentration values at low-level altitudes have been studied in Indonesia. This study tries to analyze the CO2 concentration based on different altitudes and different locations. Measurements of this study were carried out in industrial, residential, commercial, and highway areas using drones at two altitudes of 1.5 m and 15 m. The use of altitude variations to know the homogeneity of CO2 spatial distribution at different heights. The results of the study showed CO2 concentrations on weekday mornings and afternoons, and weekend mornings in the sampling areas at 1.5 m and 15 m in the range of 393 – 462 ppm and 391 – 460 ppm, respectively. The statistical test showed that there is no significant CO2 concentration difference between altitudes of 1.5 m and 15 m, with only a 0.17% difference value on average. The Tugu Industrial Estate area has the highest concentration of CO2, while the area on Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan has the lowest concentration.
A Low-Cost Instrument to Monitor Sulphur Dioxide Emissions Based on The DOAS Method Zen, Nur; Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Romadhon, Moch. Syarif; Fatkhurrahman, Januar Arif; Amrulah, Sidna Kosim
Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): May
Publisher : Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21771/jrtppi.2023.v14.no1.p1-7

Abstract

Various techniques to measure SO2 concentration based on Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) have been widely developed and applied for various measurements. However, most of the applications are still relatively expensive. Some efforts have been made to reduce the cost by using Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as light sources, showing promising results. Further reductions can be possibly made by providing an alternative to replace high spectral resolution spectrometers widely used in DOAS applications since those spectrometers are commercially expensive. This paper studies the feasibility of a DOAS instrument using a low-cost spectrometer and UV-LEDs as light sources. The resolution of the spectrometer is 0.7 nm. With this resolution, it is expected that the instrument hardly captures narrow band structures of SO2 optical absorption in the spectral range between 280 nm and 320 nm when measuring SO2 gas concentration lower than the limits of SO2 emissions regulated by the Indonesian government. To compensate for this drawback, narrow and broad bands of optical absorption structures are considered in the data analysis to achieve a detection limit far below the regulated limits. To capture the broadband structures, four UV-LEDs are used to cover spectral absorption from 250 nm to 320 nm. The instrument was calibrated using eight different standard concentrations of SO2. The correlation between the readings and the standard concentrations is high, indicated by the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.9999. It was also found that the lowest concentration the instrument can distinguish from blank samples or the Limit of Detection is 16 ppm. However, the instrument can precisely measure concentrations higher than or equal to 25 ppm with a standard deviation of less than 10% of the mean concentration measured from five measurements. This is far below the required legal limits, below 229 ppm. After the calibration, the DOAS instrument was used to measure SO2 sampled from the emission of burning coals. To compare, a commercial SO2 sensor was used to measure the same gas. The results indicate that the difference in the readings between the two instruments is around 6% of the concentration.