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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Asian Journal of Agriculture
Soeranto Human
PAIR-BATAN
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education

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IDENTIFICATION OF A MAJOR QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS CONFERRING RICE BLAST RESISTANCE USING RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES Sobrizal, Sobrizal; Bustamam, Masdiar; Carkum, Carkum; Warsun, Ahmad; Human, Soeranto; Fukuta, Yoshimichi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 11, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae is one of the limitingfactors for rice production world wide. The use of resistantvarieties for managing blast disease is considered as the mosteco-friendly approaches. However, their resistances may bebroken down within a few years due to the appearance of newvirulent blast races in the field. The objective of the presentstudy was to identify the quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferringresistance to blast disease using 126 recombinant inbred(RI) lines originated from a crossing of a durably resistant uplandrice genotype (Laka) and a highly susceptible rice accessioncultivar (Kencana Bali). The RI population was developedthrough a single seed descent method from 1997 to 2004.Resistance of the RI lines was evaluated for blast in an endemicarea of Sukabumi, West Java, in 2005. Disease intensity of theblast was examined following the standard evaluation systemdeveloped by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).At the same year the RI lines were analyzed with 134 DNAmarkers. Results of the study showed that one major QTL wasfound to be associated with blast resistance, and this QTL waslocated near RM2136 marker on the long arm of chromosome11. This QTL explained 87% of the phenotypic variation with37% additive effect. The map position of this QTL differedfrom that of a partial resistant gene, Pi34, identified previouslyon chromosome 11 in the Japanese durably resistant variety,Chubu 32. The QTL, however, was almost at the same positionas that of the multiple allele-resistant gene, Pik. Therefore, anallelic test should be conducted to clarify the allelic relationshipbetween QTL identified in this study and the Pik. The RI linesare the permanent segregating population that could be veryuseful for analysing phenotypic variations of important agronomictraits possibly owned by the RI lines. The major QTLidentified in this study could be used as a genetic resource inimprovement of rice varieties for blast resistance in Indonesia
Pendugaan Parameter Genetik dan Seleksi Galur Mutan Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) di Tanah Masam (Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Selection of Sorghum Mutant Lines under Acid Soil Stress Conditions) Sungkono, Sungkono; Trikoesoemaningtyas, Trikoesoemaningtyas; Wirnas, Desta; Sopandie, Didy; Human, Soeranto; Yudiarto, Muhammad Arif
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 37 No. 3 (2009): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (317.958 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v37i3.1238

Abstract

  Sorghum is one of high value commodities for food and energy security due to its wide adaptation. The objectives of this research were to study some genetic parameters of sorghum agronomic traits grown under acid soil conditions and to select aluminum-tolerant sorghum mutant lines.  The selection was conducted in an augmented design with 61 lines at the field research station of B2TP-BPPT Lampung. Genetic materials used were mutant lines developed throught gamma irradiation.  The results showed that there was significant differences among the mutant lines for  some agronomic characters observed.  The heritability estimates for agronomic characters were classified as intermediate to high.  Selection based on seed weight and biomass production resulted three best sorghum mutan lines i.e ZH30-29-07, ZH30-30-07, and ZH30-35-07.  These lines showed the best yield and biomass production under acid soil condition.   Key words:  sorghum, acid soil, heritability, selection
Radicle emergence as a rapid indicator of sorghum seed vigor to predict mean germination time, vigor index, and field emergence KUSUMAWARDANA, ADITYA; ILYAS, SATRIYAS; QADIR, ABDUL; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS, TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; HUMAN, SOERANTO; SIHONO, SIHONO
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100124

Abstract

Abstract. Kusumawardana A, Ilyas S, Qadir A, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Human S, Sihono. 2026. Radicle emergence as a rapid indicator of sorghum seed vigor to predict mean germination time, vigor index, and field emergence. Asian J Agric 10 (1): g100124. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100124. This study aimed to develop a standardized radicle emergence test for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) seeds by determining the optimal single-count timing and temperature for the simultaneous assessment of seed vigor and viability. This test was conducted by calculating the percentage of seeds whose radicles had emerged by at least 2 mm in length during a single observation period at the beginning of germination. Seed lots with low radicle emergence rates showed slow germination, reflecting an early physiological indicator of seed deterioration and a key factor contributing to reduced vigor. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with one factor: 12 sorghum genotypes, and four replications (blocks). Radicle length was measured at 2-h intervals from 40 to 48 h, with a minimum length of 2 mm. Results of radicle emergence (production of 2 mm radicle) at 25°C and alternating temperatures 20⇔30°C for 44 h (the optimal time), mean germination time, germination percentage, germination speed, vigor index, maximum growth potential, tetrazolium test, and field emergence were compared using 12 genotypes of sorghum seeds with standard germination above 83%. The single counts of radicle emergence performed at 25°C and 20⇔30°C were highly correlated with key vigor and viability indicators. Correlations with vigor-related traits, such as mean germination time (R²=0.87-0.81), vigor index (R²=0.83-0.89), germination speed (R²=0.73-0.71), and field emergence (R²=0.77-0.70), were strong, as were those with viability parameters, including standard germination (R²=0.66-0.59) and tetrazolium test results (R²=0.58-0.52). This study concludes that a single count of radicle emergence at 44 h, conducted at either 25°C or 20⇔30°C, is a method for simultaneous assessment of seed vigor (mean germination time, vigor index, germination speed, and field emergence) and viability in sorghum, offering a significant improvement over more time-consuming tests, such as germination test that requires 10 days.
Heavy metal tracing from gold mining soil to vinasse in the downstreaming process of sweet sorghum to bioethanol Nurcholis, Mohammad; Yudiantoro, Dwi Fitri; Human, Soeranto; Johan, Erni; Makahenggang, Kristin Natalia H; Katon, Laponda Jaya; Fauzi, Firdaus Muhammad
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 22, No 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v22i2.94274

Abstract

Soils in gold mining areas have the potential to contain heavy metals from rock weathering.  Such soil was planted with sweet sorghum to increase land productivity in Boto Village, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java during the dry season.  The harvested crop was not used for food, but processed into biofuels through fermentation and distillation.   Accordingly, the aim of this research was to trace the presence of several heavy metals in vinasse, a by-product of sweet sorghum stem juice fermentation process, from plants grown on soil in a community of gold mining area.  Two varieties of sweet sorghum, Samurai 1 and Samurai 2, were cultivated on this soil. Then, they were harvested and the sorghum stem extract was fermented to produce ethanol.  Distillation process was carried out on the fermented juice to increase the ethanol concentration, leaving behind vinasse.  Chemical analysis was carried out on the chemical properties of the soil (pH, CEC, Organic-C, total-N, available-K, and potential-P), and content of the heavy metals of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Cu in the soil, juice, and vinasse.  The soil exhibits a neutral reaction, low salinity, organic-C, total-N, available P and CEC.  The levels of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Cu in soil are 7.8%, 0.1%, 76.00 ppm, 23.81 ppm. In the juice, these concentrations were 9.66, 21.14, 1.49, 1.64 in ppm. In the vinasse, they were 5.29, 28.15, 1.05, 0.73 ppm, respectively.  These results indicate that heavy metals in soils could be absorbed by sorghum crops and they were absorbed in the stems of Samurai 1 and 2 sweet sorghum varieties, extracted into the juice, and partially remained in the vinasse.
Co-Authors Abdul Qadir Ahmad Warsun Carkum Carkum Desta Wirnas Didy Sopandie Dwi Fitri Yudiantoro Fauzi, Firdaus Muhammad Johan, Erni Katon, Laponda Jaya KUSUMAWARDANA, ADITYA Makahenggang, Kristin Natalia H Masdiar Bustamam Mohammad Nurcholis, Mohammad Muhammad Arif Yudiarto SATRIYAS ILYAS Sihono Sihono Sobrizal Sobrizal Sungkono Sungkono Trikoesoemaningtyas Yoshimichi Fukuta