Cahya Buana
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif HIdayatullah Jakarta

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Journal : Buletin Al-Turas

Budaya Satire pada Masa Dinasti Umayyah dalam Syair Hijā’ Al-Farazdaq Cahya Buana
Buletin Al-Turas Vol 25, No 2 (2019): Buletin Al-Turas
Publisher : Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (66.161 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/bat.v25i2.11744

Abstract

Hijā’ atau satire adalah salah satu genre syair yang mengandung konten sinisme atau ejekan. Jenis puisi ini berkembang pesat pada masa Dinasti Umayyah. Penyair yang sangat terkenal dengan genre ini di antaranya adalah al-Farazdaq. Kajian ini bermaksud untuk mengungkap jenis budaya satire yang berkembang pada masa Bani Umayyah melalui syair al-Farazdaq serta latar belakang munculnya budaya tersebut. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, saya akan menggunakan metode penelitian qualitatif melalui pendekatan budaya dan sejarah pada teks-teks syair hija al-Farazdaq. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terungkap bahwa budaya satire yang berkembang pada masa Bani Umayah dalam puisi hija al-Farazdaq adalah jenis satire personal (al-hijā al-syakhsyi) yaitu satire yang menyerang pribadi seseorang dengan cara mengejeknya melalui hal-hal yang bersifat fisik, satire moral (al-hijā al-akhlāqi) yaitu sindiran-sindiran yang ditujukan kepada lawan karena dianggap memiliki moralitas yang rendah, satire politik (al-hijā al-siyāsi) yang digunakan untuk kepentingan politik, satire sosial (al-hijā al-ijtimāi) yaitu sindiran yang terkait perilaku sosial yang kurang lazim terjadi pada masyarakat pada umumnya dan satire agama (al-hijā al-dīnī) yaitu satire-satire yang digunakan untuk menyindir perilaku keagamaan seseorang. Adapun latar belakang munculnya budaya satire di antaranya disebabkan oleh motif politik, ekonomi dan fanatisme kesukuan.  Hijā' or satire is a genre of poetry that contains cynicism or mockeries. This type of poetry developed rapidly during the Umayyad Dynasty.  This study was intended to reveal the type of satirical culture in the era of Umayyads through al-Farazdaq’s poetry and the background of its emergence.  To achieve this purpose, I used a qualitative research method implementing cultural and historical approaches to read critically hija al-Farazdaq's poetic texts. The result of analysis revealed there were five kinds of satirical culture developing during the Umayyads in the poetry hija al-Farazdaq. There were a personal satire (al-hijā al-syakhsyi) attacked someone by mocking him through things that were physical; a moral satire (al-hijā al-akhlāqi), namely allusions that addressed the opponents because they were considered to have low morality; a political satire (al-hijā al-siyāsi) which was used for political purposes; a social satire (al-hijā al-ijtimāi) which was an allusion related to social behavior that were less common in the society in general; and a religious satire (al-hijā al-dīnī) which was used to insinuate one's religious behavior. The background for the emergence of satire culture were due to political, economic and tribal fanaticism.
Al-Akhṭal’s Praise for Yazid Bin Mu’wiyah, the Second Caliph of the Umayyad Dynasty (680-683 AD) Cahya Buana
Buletin Al-Turas Vol 26, No 2 (2020): Buletin Al-Turas
Publisher : Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/bat.v26i2.14998

Abstract

This study intended to uncover the meanings contained in the context of praise in the ode poems of Al-Akhtal “Fa Aqsamtu La Ansā Yadae Al-Dahr” in qāfiyah bā intended for Yazid ibn Mu’āwiyah, the second Caliph of the Umayyad dynasty along with the context behind the text of praise. To reveal the meanings behind the text and the context of al-Akhtal's praise to Yazid, this study used a qualitative analysis method with a balagah and pragmatic approach. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that al-Akhtal in delivering his praise to Yazid used a style of language that was loaded with high eloquent elements, such as the style of terms, tasybīh, metaphor, majaz and kināyah. There were many deixis that could be used to reveal the context of al-Akhtal's praise for Yazid, both persona, time, place, discourse and social, such as the first-person singular nominative case personal pronoun, Umm Malik, Yazid ibn al-Muluk, Aba Khalid, Nu’mān, Ibn Hurrah, the days of Jillaq, Damasqus, Jazair Hamiz, Ahl 'Anah, and others. Al-Akhtal's praise for Yazid bin Mu’āwiyah was influenced by both similar behaviors. Both liked the world of freedom in terms of women and drinking to gain power in cruel ways. In addition, the as a Christian Al-Akhtal got more freedom in his life; while, Yazid did not care about religious values.
Zhaahirat Tahwiil al-Syafrah fi al-Muhaadatsah Cahya Buana
Buletin Al-Turas Vol 18, No 2 (2012): Buletin Al-Turas
Publisher : Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1437.825 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/bat.v18i2.4301

Abstract

In all areas of life, human beings will not be separated from the language in the process of communication with each other. Everthing will go well as it can be arranged with the language associated with social conditions (sociolingusitic) is a very interesting study. This paper will discuss one of the objects of languages study, it's the code switching occurs in some forms of speech of speakers who  speak Arabic and Indonesian. The author specialized in the analysis of the causes of code switching in five forms of conversations, namely a desire of speaker to demonstrate his proficiency of bilingual and trying to make the audience believe hismastery, the emotional expression, accelerating the delivery of messages, making the limit between jokes and serious conversation, continuityof using the mother tongue because it is easier, limiting the audience, keep he distance of social status, the awareness that the second languageis also a mother tongue, adopt the foreign sentence, and reinforce the speech.