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Testing the Efficiency of The Sawdust dan Wood Glue Particulate Filters to Reduce The PM2.5 Emissions from Motorcycles Arinto Yudi Ponco Wardoyo; Arsyal Karismadika Rumpoko; Abdurrouf Abdurrouf
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (342.216 KB)

Abstract

The increase of motor vehicle population in Indonesia causes the increase of pollution substances in ambient air, such as Particulate Matter with the diameter <2.5 µm or fine particle (PM2.5). There are many methods developed to reduce the PM2.5 concentrations emitted by motor vehicles, such as a biomass particulate filter. This study was aimed to develop biomass PM2.5 filters made of sawdust and wood glue with three different composition ratio: F1, F2, and F3. The PM2.5 concentrations before and after passing through the filters were measured using a Digital Dust Monitor (Kanomax, Model 3443) for 200 seconds of the sampling times. The filter efficiency was obtained from the reduction ratio of the PM2.5 concentrations before and after being filtered. Based on the surface morphology test using an electron microscope SEM, the diameters of the filter pores were 9.11 – 19.7 µm with the different densities. The efficiency was 33% to 52%, depending on the ratio of the sawdust and wood glue. A higher filter density (2.72 x 10-3 g/cm3) generated a higher filter efficiency (52%).
Nitrogenation of Amorphous Silicon : Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations Mauludi Ariesto Pamungkas; Choirun Nisa; Istiroyah Istiroyah; Abdurrouf Abdurrouf
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 8, No 3 (2019): Edition September-December 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2019.008.03.487

Abstract

Since silicon nitride (SiNx) film is more stable than SiO2, silicon nitride, thus it is widely used in semiconductor industry as an insulatorlayer. The study of nitrogenation process of a-Si was performed using molecular dynamics simulations to determine the properties of the bonds created in the structure of a-SiNx. Reactive force field (Reaxff) was used as potential in this molecular dynamic simulation owing to its ability to describe charge transfer as well as breaking and formation of atomic bonds. The structure of a-Si is obtained by melting the crystalline silicon at temperature of 3500 K followed by quenching to room temperature. The nitrogenation process was carried out by randomly distributing 900 N atoms over the a-Si surface for 60 ps at temperature varied from 300 K, 600 K, 900 K, and 1200 K. The higher the temperature nitrogenation applied in the system, the more number of N atoms adsorbed, resulting in a deeper penetration depth of Nitrogen atom. Amorphization and nitrogenation changed the distribution of coordination number of Ni, Si, and O atoms. Transfer of electrons from silicon to nitrogen occurs only in the nearest nitrogen atom with silicon atom.