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All Journal Pendidikan Biologi Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Biocelebes BERITA BIOLOGI Jurnal Biodjati Jurnal Biologi Tropis Konservasi Hayati Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Erizal Mukhtar
Universitas Andalas
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Immunology & microbiology Social Sciences

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Komposisi dan Struktur Tumbuhan Bawah pada Habitat yang Diinvasi Tumbuhan Invasif di Kawasan Wisata Geopark Silokek Kabupaten Sijunjung Solfiyeni Solfiyeni; Anita Mayang Sari; Chairul Chairul; Erizal Mukhtar
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 11, No 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i1.7709

Abstract

The Silokek Geopark area, Sijunjung Regency, is one of the tourist areas in West Sumatra Province which has a high level of biodiversity, which can be disrupted due to the presence of invasive plants. A study has been carried out which aims to determine the composition and structure of undergrowth in habitats invaded by weeds in the Silokek Geopark tourist area, Sijunjung Regency. This research was conducted from September to December 2022 using the quadratic method and plotting by purposive sampling with a plot size of 10 x 10 m with a sub-plot measuring 2 x 2 m. The composition of undergrowth in the habitat invaded by weeds found 24 families, 38 genera, 38 species, and 1049 individuals. Among the undergrowth found, there were 12 families, 20 genera, 20 species and 532 individuals of invasive plants with the dominant family being Asteraceae (30.41%), and the co-dominant family being Nephrolepidaceae and Poaceae with a percentage of 17 each. .83% and 11.63%. The highest important value index was in Nephrolepis biserrata (28.42%) and the lowest was in Musa acuminata (0.76%). The most dominant weed species was Mikania michranta with an IVI of 18.79%. The diversity index of the understorey plants in this area is categorized as high with a diversity index (H' = 3.24). Weed plant species are more successful in dominating open and disturbed areas with high levels of light intensity, gaps or wide gaps and forest edges can be utilized by invasive plant species to grow optimally.
Estimation of Mangrove Canopy Cover in The Carocok Tarusan Tourist Area Irawan, Fiska Asif; Mukhtar, Erizal; Solfiyeni, Solfiyeni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9572

Abstract

The mangrove canopy cover is the uppermost layer in the mangrove vegetation group, which is formed by the crown (leaf group) of mangrove vegetation and covers the layer below. The purpose of the study is to determine the estimation of mangrove canopy cover in the Carocok area using the MonMang v2.0 application and to determine the influence of environmental factors on the mangrove canopy cover in the Carocok area. This research was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024 in the Carocok Tarusan tourist area, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra.The method used in this study is the transect line method with the placement of transects carried out from the coastline to the land that has true mangrove vegetation. In the transect line, 20 plots were mapped with a size of 5 x 5 m. Then, the crown cover was measured using the MonMang v2.0 application using the hemispherical photography method on each plot. The results of the study show that the average mangrove canopy cover in this Carocok area is 69.19% and is classified as a medium category. The results of the study also showed that environmental factors between salinity, temperature, and pH had an influence on the mangrove canopy cover in the Carocok Tarusan area.
Analysis of Mangrove Canopy Cover with MonMang Application in Gemuruh River, West Sumatra, Indonesia Irtanti, Amartia Eksa; Mukhtar, Erizal; Solfiyeni, Solfiyeni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9593

Abstract

Mangrove canopies play a vital role in the photosynthetic process through their structure and density. The denser the canopy, the more difficult it is for sunlight to penetrate, making it less likely for mangroves in the seedling and sapling stages to receive adequate sunlight. This study aims to determine the mangrove canopy cover using the MonMang application and to determine the influence of environmental factors on mangrove trees. One method for measuring this is by applying the MonMang application in the mangrove forest of Sungai Gemuruh, Pesisir Selatan Regency, to determine canopy width within the ecosystem. The line transect method was used to estimate canopy cover, with transects laid from the shoreline inland through areas with true mangrove vegetation. Along the transects, 10 × 10 m plots were established. The MonMang application was applied to each plot to measure canopy cover, accompanied by data analysis, including the calculation of mangrove tree density. The results showed that the average canopy cover was higher along Transect II (76.88%) compared to Transect I (75.72%). Based on this study, it can be concluded that the estimated canopy cover in the Sungai Gemuruh Tourism Area falls into the category of very dense canopy cover.
Composition and Structure of Tree and Sapling Level Plants in Nagari Paru Forest, Sijunjung Regency Geovana, Savira; Chairul, Chairul; Mukhtar, Erizal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9949

Abstract

This study discusses the composition and structure and estimates the potential carbon reserves and environmental service value of the Nagari Paru Forest (Rimbo Larangan) in Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra. The method used was the transect method with purposive sampling. The vegetation observed consisted of trees and tree seedlings. The results showed that the tree-level vegetation consisted of 17 families, 21 genera, 23 species, and 53 individuals, with Hopea sangal as the dominant species, while the sapling-level vegetation consisted of 17 families, 23 genera, 24 species, and 94 individuals, dominated by Drepananthus ramuliflorus. The diversity index (H') was moderate, at 2.95 for trees and 2.74 for seedlings. This study shows that the Nagari Paru Forest has great ecological potential and can support climate change mitigation efforts and community empowerment through environmental service schemes.
Estimated Tree Carbon Reserves and Saplings in the Nagari Sumpur Kudus Social Forestry Area, Sijunjung Regency Amanda, Falencia Mauri; Chairul, Chairul; Solfiyeni, Solfiyeni; Mukhtar, Erizal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1 (2024): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1.6552

Abstract

The forest within The Social Forestry of Nagari Sumpur Kudus, Sijunjung Regency has the ability to store carbon reserves. The forest area located in the highlands shows a lot of biodiversity, influenced by the ability of the forest to maintain carbon stocks and diverse plant species in the area. The purpose of this study is to determine the total biomass and total carbon stocks stored in the Social Forestry Area of Nagari Sumpur Kudus, Sijunjung Regency. This research was conducted from May to October 2023. Taking at tree and sapling strata uses a nondestructive sampling method. From the results, it is obtained that the three strata are as many as 14 families and 14 species. The sapling strata is obtained from as many as 17 families and 37 species. The total above-ground biomass is l78,97 ton/ha consisting of 177,83 ton/ha tree biomass and 1,13 ton/ha sapling biomass. The total above-ground carbon stock is 86,11 ton/ha consisting of tree carbon stock 85,58 ton/ha and sapling carbon stock 0,53 ton/ha. The Social Forestry Area of Nagari Sumpur Kudus, Sijunjung Regency has the potential to store carbon stocks which is included in the medium category and need to be maintained.
Bird Diversity and its Potential for Tourism Activities in Mangrove Areas, Carocok Anau, West Sumatra, Indonesia Khairini, Ridha; Mukhtar, Erizal; Novarino, Wilson
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7611

Abstract

Avitourism is activity that utilizes bird diversity in economic aspect that provides benefits for conservation and economic improvement. Mangrove ecosystem in Carocok Anau located in tourist area that has high potential to diversity of bird species. Data related to bird diversity and potential in tourism activities have not been conducted. This study aims to analyze bird diversity and its potential in tourism activities in Carocok Anau mangrove ecosystem area. This research was carried out from February until April 2024. The method used is the point count method. Data collection is species and numbers of bird species was carried out at 15 observation points. The distance of each points was 150 meters with 50 meters of radius observation. Data collection in 10 minutes of each point. Observation was conducted during four days, and continued by bird species identification. Data analysis used is Shannon Wiener diversity index, evenness index and richness index. The results found 40 bird species with 1023 individu. Dominated by family of E strildidae and species of Collocalia esculenta. The diversity index value of 2.51 included in medium diversity category. 0.68 for evenness index value with uneven category and 5.63 for richness index with high species richness category. Birds with ecotourism attractions found are three types of raptors, one endemic, 13 protected bird, there are eight bird with attractive feather colors and 20 bird with beautiful voices, so that the Carocok Anau mangrove ecosystem area has capability to avitourism activity.
The Diversity and Diameter Growth Rate of Sprouting-Type Tree in Bukit Pinang-Pinang Forest Permanent Plots Ade Ayu Oksari; Irvan Fadli Wanda; Erizal Mukhtar; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 4 No 2 (2019): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v4i2.4728

Abstract

The process of forest regeneration can take place within a certain period of time. Sprouting is a form of strategy for in adapting to its environment for success in regenerating. The Research on  the diversity and diameter growth rate of sprouting-type tree in Bukit Pinang-pinang forest permanent plots, West Sumatra was carried out from October 2012 to December 2016 in the forest of Bukit Pinang-Pinang, West Sumatra and Herbarium Department of Biology, Universitas Andalas, Padang. This research was conducted using a survey method by census. The parameters analyzed were plant species composition, Morishita Index, Mann-Whitney test, Regression and Correlation test as well as RDGR (Relative Diameter of Growth Rate). The result of experiment was found 40 species of trees sprouting type in forest permanent plot Bukit Pinang-Pinang. The pattern of sprouting type trees distribution in the study locations was found to have a clustered, random and uniform pattern. Relative Diameter Growth Rate (RDGR) of 40 sprouting types of trees in the Bukit Pinang-Pinang forest permanent plots ranged from 0.003 cm/cm/year to 0.0288 cm/cm/year. Altitude did not affect  RDGR of an individual tree sprouting type for 31 years
Ethnobotany and conservation of indigenous edible fruit plants in South Aceh, Indonesia Adi Bejo Suwardi; ZIDNI ILMAN NAVIA; TISNA HARMAWAN; SYAMSUARDI; ERIZAL MUKHTAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210511

Abstract

Abstract. Suwardi AB, Navia ZI, Harmawan T, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E. 2020. Ethnobotany and conservation of indigenous edible fruit plants in South Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1850-1860. The traditional knowledge system is immensely important in the context of plant resource conservation, utilization, and environmental management. The objectives of this study, therefore, were to document local knowledge on the diversity, utilization and sustainable management of indigenous fruit yielding species in the South Aceh region of Indonesia. This research was based on extensive field surveys, plant collection, and interviews with the local people, and a total of 56 indigenous edible fruit species belonging to 24 families were identified. Furthermore, the recognized varieties have numerous applications and serve multiple use categories. For example, they have been adopted as food (56 species), by medicine (16 species), construction materials (14 species), furniture (13 species) and firewood (12 species). These indigenous edible fruits are mostly used in the treatment of cough, stomach ache, diarrhea, fever, and digestive problems, and the following species are commonly traded in traditional markets Durio zibethinus, Garcinia mangostana, Mangifera indica, Mangifera foetida, Mangifera odorata, Baccaurea macrophylla, and Baccaurea lanceolata. The agricultural expansion activities in South Aceh region are assumed to present significant threats to the sustainability of indigenous edible fruit species. Conservation of indigenous fruit plants can be performed through the preservation of traditional knowledge and the promotion and domestication of indigenous fruit plant species.
Diversity of wild edible fruit plant species and their threatened status in the Aceh Province, Indonesia ADI BEJO SUWARDI; ZIDNI ILMAN NAVIA; TISNA HARMAWAN; SEPRIANTO SEPRIANTO; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; ERIZAL MUKHTAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230315

Abstract

Abstract. Suwardi AB, Navia ZI, Harmawan T, Seprianto, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E. 2022. Diversity of wild edible fruit plant species and their threatened status in the Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1311-1319. Aceh Province, Indonesia is home to a diverse range of tropical fruit plants. However, increased anthropogenic activities such as population growth and natural disasters resulted in various biological resources such as wild edible fruit plants being under threat. The study aimed to assess the diversity and threatened status of wild edible fruit plant species in the Aceh Province of Indonesia. The study was conducted in six regencies, namely Aceh Tamiang, Aceh Timur, Aceh Selatan, Aceh Utara, Aceh Barat, and Aceh Tengah. At each study area, a line transect of 1,000 meters was laid from the forest's edge into the forest. Wild edible fruit plant species discovered along the transect were collected and given local names. A total of 129 wild edible fruit plant species at six studied areas in the Aceh Province belonged to 38 families. The highest number of fruit plant species was recorded in the district of Aceh Tamiang, i.e., 63 species, followed by Aceh Selatan (56 species), Aceh Barat (46 species), Aceh Timur (37 species), Aceh Utara (31 species), and Aceh Tengah (23 species). Mangifera foetida Lour., Mangifera odorata Griff., Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merr., Ficus altissima Blume, Ficus fistulosa Reinw. ex Blume, Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Passiflora foetida L., and Pometia pinnata J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. were the most frequently recorded wild fruit plant species in all regencies. From 129 wild edible fruit species recorded in the study areas, 35% are currently classified as Least Concern, 6% as Vulnerable, 3% as Near Threatened, 2% as Low Risk, 2% as Data Deficient, and 52% of species in the IUCN red list had No Available Data. Community-based conservation through domestication of wild edible fruit plant species can be one of the management strategies for the conservation of wild edible fruit plants in Aceh Province.
Impacts of invasive tree species Bellucia pentamera on plant diversity, microclimate and soil of secondary tropical forest in West Sumatra, Indonesia SOLFIYENI SOLFIYENI; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; CHAIRUL CHAIRUL; ERIZAL MUKHTAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230641

Abstract

Abstract. Solfiyeni, Syamsuardi, Chairul, Mukhtar E. 2022. Impacts of invasive tree species Bellucia pentamera on plant diversity, microclimate and soil of secondary tropical forest in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3135-3146. The invasion of alien species in a region can alter species diversity. Bellucia pentamera Naudin is considered an alien invasive plant that has spread from Mexico to tropical America, and it is now invading some areas in Indonesia, including the tropical forest of Sumatra. Yet, the effects of its invasion on vegetation and the abiotic environment are not yet well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of B. pentamera on species diversity and structure of vegetation, and microclimate and soil conditions of secondary tropical forests in West Sumatra. Vegetation analysis was conducted in secondary forest Bukit Tengah Pulau, South Solok, with three levels of dominance of B. pentamera namely: site 1 and 2 (60% and 16% dominance of B. pentamera respectively) and site 3 (no individual of B. pentamera). Sampling was conducted using a nested plot to collect data for tree, sapling and understorey vegetation for each site. The results showed the total number of tree species at sites 1, 2, and 3 were 23 species, 46 species, and 74 species respectively. For sapling, 20 species were found at site 1, 31 species at site 2, and 58 species at site 3. For understorey plants, 13, 16 and 36 species were detected at site 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The number of species at tree and sapling levels differed significantly among sites. The basal area also differed significantly among sites but not for sapling level. Site 1 was dominated by B. pentamera with Important Value Index (IVI) 130.8%), followed by Croton argyratus (27.63%), and Ficus variegata (26.47%). At site 2, B. pentamera dominated with IVI of 33.68%, followed by Lepisanthes sp. (20.01%) and Sizygium sp. (14.44%). Site 3 was dominated by Palaquium warsurifolium with IVI of 21.15% followed by Croton argyratus (20.02%) and Macaranga hypoleuca (13.21%). Diversity index (H') for tree-level was moderate at site 1 (H' = 1.78) and high at sites 2 and 3 (H' = 3.48 and 4.05). Similarly, the index for sapling was moderate at site 1 (H'= 2.12) and high at sites 2 and 3 (H'= 3.22 and 3.84). For understorey, the diversity index was low at site 1 (H'= 0.82) and moderate at sites 2 and 3 (H'= 1.8 and 2.86). Sites invaded by B. pentamera had a lower soil water content and higher temperature and light intensity, although they had higher nitrogen and phosphorus contents. Our findings suggest that the invasion of B. pentamera had negative impacts on plant biodiversity and microclimate, yet the impact was not clear cut on the soil.
Co-Authors - Khairinnisa - Solviana - Solviana Ade Ayu Oksari Adi Bejo Suwardi Ahmad Taufiq Ahsanul Husna Amanda, Falencia Mauri Andri Saputra Anita Mayang Sari Annisa Novianti Samin AYU SMARNIA PUTRI Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Mahmud Dahelmi Dahelmi Desyandri Desyandri Elza Safitri Geovana, Savira GUSMARDI INDRA Inda Dwi Solina Irawan, Fiska Asif Irtanti, Amartia Eksa Irvan Fadli Wanda Islami Annisa Khairini, Ridha Mahdi Mutashim Mansyurdin Nurainas Nurainas PUTRI LISYA ANGGRAINI Ramadhana Marqfirokh Rival Yuhendri Rizaldi Rizaldi Sari Fatul Husna SEPRIANTO SEPRIANTO Solfiyeni Solfiyeni Syamsuardi Syamsuardi Thoriq Alfath Febriamansyah TISNA HARMAWAN TISNA HARMAWAN Try Surya Harapan Wilson Novarino ZIDNI ILMAN NAVIA ZIDNI ILMAN NAVIA