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All Journal Jurnal INKOM Makara Journal of Technology
Andon Insani
Pusat Teknologi Bahan Industri Nuklir (PTBIN)-BATAN Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong 15314, Tangerang Selatan
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Pengembangan Perangkat Lunak Akuisisi Data dan Kontrol Difraktometer Serbuk Resolusi Tinggi Bharoto, Bharoto; Insani, Andon
INKOM Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Informatika - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/j.inkom.306

Abstract

Pada  tulisan  ini,  dipresentasikan  sebuah  sistem  akuisisi data  dan  kendali  untuk  difraktometer  serbuk  resolusi tinggi (High Resolution Powder Diffractometer, HRPD). Sistem  terdiri dari  dua  bagian  yaitu  bagian  kontrol  instrumen  seperti sistem penggerak, sistem pembaca posisi, dan sistem pencacah pulsa neutron, dan bagian akuisisi data yang mengendalikan instrumen secara  otomatis  sesuai  dengan  mode  pengukuran yang  diinginkan.  Tampilan  perangkat  lunak  ini  dibuat sedemikian  rupa sehingga tampak lebih user friendly, dan memudahkan pengguna dalam melakukan eksperimen karena perangkat lunak ini akan melakukan pengukuran secara otomatis tanpa ada intervensi lebih lanjut dari pengguna sesuai dengan parameter yang dimasukkan pengguna. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat lunak ini telah berjalan dengan baik dibuktikan dengan pengukuran kinerja dengan menggunakan peralatan difraktometer serbuk resolusi tinggi.
Effects of the Preheating Temperature on the Crystal Structure and Texture of Martensitic Stainless Steel Priyanto, Tri Hardi; Muslih, Rifai; Mugirahardjo, Herry; Bharoto, Bharoto; Insani, Andon; Muzzakiy, Muzzakiy
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 22, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Theoretically, the preheating temperature refers to the start martensite temperature (Ms), and the martensite transformation can be considered as the conservation of the invariant habit-plane in the lattice structure. The habit-plane is the interface plane between austenite and martensite as measured on a macroscopic scale. From the calculation, Ms = 252 °C. The martensite formation can be affected by temperature or stress treatment. In this experiment, temperature treatment was conducted. The sample was treated at 250 °C ± 10 °C. Before and after the pre-heat treatment, the sample was characterized using the neutron diffraction method. BATAN’s Texture Diffractometer (DN2) with a neutron wavelength of 1.2799Å was used to characterize the sample. Analysis of the crystal structure showed that there are three phases before the preheating. The lattice parameters (a) obtained were as follows: for the -phase, a = 2.8501 ± 0.0004 Å; for the α’-phase, a= b =2.517 ± 0.003 Å, and c= 3.581 ± 0.002 Å; for the -phase, a= 3.5884 ± 0.0004 Å, Rwp = 17.94%, and  = 1.33. After preheating, only the -phase appears with a = 3.5830 ± 0.0005 Å, Rwp = 26.03%, and  = 1.17. The orientation distribution function is modeled by the sample symmetrization model based on triclinic to orthorhombic sample symmetry. It shows that, before being preheated, the -phase has {100} <001> with texture index (F2 ) between 0.701 m.r.d. to 3.650 m.r.d., the α-phase has a texture index between 0.923 m.r.d. to 1.768 m.r.d., and the ’-phase has a texture index between 0.910 m.r.d. to 1.949 m.r.d. After being preheated, the -phase also has {100} <001> with a texture index between 0.846 m.r.d. to 3.706 m.r.d. It can be concluded, that because of the high preheating temperature, a phase change from martensite to austenite occurred that allowed the sample to be welded easily. After preheating, the -phase has the same cubic type orientation {100} <001>, and the texture index is nearly the same as that before preheating, with not martensite present.
Comprehensive Inspection on the Experimental Ferritic Stainless Steel by Means of Transmission Electron Microscopy and Neutron Diffraction Techniques Parikin, Parikin; Dani, Mohammad; Iskandar, Riza; Jahja, Aziz Khan; Insani, Andon; Mayer, Joachim
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The field of physical metallurgy is one of the primary beacons that guide alloy developments for multipurpose materials such as the in-core structure materials for pressure vessel components and heat exchangers. The surface microstructure of new ferritic steel with significant local constituent materials was characterized by high resolution powder neutron diffractometer (HRPD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), combined with the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The alloy contains73% Fe, 24% Cr, 2% Si, 0.8% Mn, and 0.1% Ni, in %wt. The charge materials were melted by the casting techniques. The neutron diffractograms obtained shows five dominant diffraction peaks at (110), (200), (211), and (220) reflection planes, which is a typical structure for a body centered tetragonal system. The pattern also included some unidentified peaks which were verified to be Al2O3.54SiO2, Cr23C6, and SiC crystals. A piece of alloy which taken from the middle of the ferritic ingots was also characterized by the HRPD; no unidentified peaks were observed. Results from the scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with EDX analyses confirmed the neutron identified phase distributions. Also, oxides and carbides were observed to form mainly close to the surface of the steel. Cracks and pores which probably formed during the preparations were also identified close to the surface. Although the ferritic steel was successfully synthesized and characterized, some unidentified phases and defects could still be found in the produced ingots.
Neutron Diffraction Study of Multiferroic 0.6NiFe2O4/0.4BaTiO3 Composite Sukirman, Engkir; Sarwanto, Yosef; Ahda, Syahfandi; Insani, Andon
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Neutron diffraction study on the 0.6NiFe2O4/0.4BaTiO3 multiferroic composite has been carried out. The 0.6NiFe2O4/0.4BaTiO3 multiferroic composites have been synthesized by solid reaction method. In this study, 20 g of BaTiO3 (BTO) and 20 g of NiFe2O4 (NFO) compounds were prepared from the powder raw materials of BaO3 and TiO2 for BTO, and NiO and Fe2O3 for NFO. Furthermore, both BTO and NFO were each crushed for 5 hours using High Energy Milling (HEM). Then the BTO and NFO were calcined in the furnace at 950 °C/5 hours and 900 °C/5 hours, respectively. Both NFO and BTO precursors were manually mixed with a weight percent ratio of NFO:BTO was 100:0, 60:40, and 0:100, hereinafter referred to NFO, NFO/BTO, and BTO, respectively. Then the three samples were pressed into pellets. The pellets were then sintered at 1150 °C/5 hours with a heating rate of about 44.8 °C/min. Once cooled to room temperature within the furnace it was obtained NFO, BTO, and NFO/BTO multiferroic composite. The magnetic properties of the material were observed with the aid of the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) instrument. The nuclear structure of BTO, and the magnetic structure of NFO, and NFO/BTO multiferroic composite were determined by neutron diffraction technique using the high resolution powder neutron diffractometer. The cations arrangement of NFO was obtained by whole pattern fitting with the Rietveld method based on neutron diffraction data using FullProf software. The cations arrangement was obtained by refining the occupancy of individual cation at tetrahedral and octa-hedral sites. The results of the analysis show that both NFO and 0.6NFO/0.4BTO samples have a mixed spinel structure, it means that there are cations of Ni2+ and Fe3+ on A-site and B-site. In NFO sample, the cations distribution among the A-site and B-site of NiFe2O4 is [Ni0.002Fe0.852][Ni0.006Fe0.862]2O4. The cations distribution among the A-site and B-site of NiFe2O4 in 0.6NFO/0.4BTO samples is [Ni0.0250Fe0.8975] [Ni0.012Fe0.950]2O4. So, the effect of adding BTO as a composite is to increase Ni2+ occupancy by 12.5 times on A-site and 2 times on B-site. The magnetic moment of mul-tiferroic 0.6NFO/0.4BTO composite is 2.4(5) μB same as one of NFO. The BTO content in the composite has caused ten-sile strains induced into the NFO lattice, and at the same time, tensile strains of NFO caused the compressive strain on the c lattice of BTO even though the unit cell volume of BTO is also increasing from 64.100(5) to 64.374(6) Å3.
Effects of Plasma Sintering on the Post TIG Weld Joint of Fe-15Cr-25Ni Austenitic Stainless Steel Parikin, Parikin; Dani, Mohammad; Dimyati, Arbi; Insani, Andon; Deswita, Deswita; Aziz, Ferhat; Mardiyanto, Mardiyanto; Mustofa, Salim; Purwanto, Setyo; Adhika, Damar Rastri; Syahbuddin, Syahbuddin; Huang, Ching An
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 26, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Arc-plasma sintering (APS) for 5 s has been applied to the post tungsten inert gas (TIG) weld joint of Fe–15Cr–25Ni austenitic stainless steel (ASS). The treatment is intended to observe the effect of heat generated by plasma on micro-crystal structures around the fusion zone (FZ), especially internal stress relief in steel after being subjected to welding. The effect of stress relief in weld was measured using the neutron diffraction technique. ASS that is predominantly composed of Fe, Cr, and Ni elements, with contents of 57%, 15%, and 25%wt. respectively, was cut into two parts. Both parts were then welded with TIG without filler with a current and voltage of 60 A and 50 V, respectively. After APS for 5 s, the sample was characterized and analyzed using high-resolution powder neutron diffractometer at a high-temperature laboratory facility. The results show that the tensile residual stress decreased with the APS heat input. The residual stresses significantly decreased from 82.40 MPa to 1.21 MPa in the FZ and continued almost evenly from 65.92 MPa to 1.24 MPa in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The residual stress is a tensile stress that can reduce the mechanical strength of materials. This condition is also applicable to applied loads. A microstructure gives a confirmation that the C element migrates from the FZ to HAZ. The content was very high in dark traces. The C element reacts to Cr and O to form chromium carbide (Cr23C6) and chromium carbonyl (CrC6O6), respectively. It rapidly migrates among its grain boundaries. It may also weaken materials and probably initiate intergranular cracks.
Co-Authors Arbi Dimyati Bharoto Bharoto Damar Rastri Adhika Deswita Deswita Engkir Sukirman Ferhat Aziz Herry Mugirahardjo, Herry Huang, Ching An Jahja, Aziz Khan Joachim Mayer, Joachim Mardiyanto Mardiyanto Mohammad Dani Muslih, Rifai Muzzakiy, Muzzakiy Parikin Parikin Riza Iskandar Salim Mustofa Setyo Purwanto Syahbuddin Syahbuddin Syahfandi Ahda Tri Hardi Priyanto Yosef Sarwanto