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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Geography Jurnal Fisika Unand
Maria Evita
Departemen Fisika, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Topography changes and thermal distribution at the Kelud crater after the 2014 Plinian eruption Wahyudi Wahyudi; Ari Setiawan; Heriansyah Putra; Herlan Darmawan; Imam Suyanto; Irwan Meilano; Irzaman irzaman; Maria Evita; Mitra Djamal; Moh Yasin; Nina Siti Aminah; Perdinan Perdinan; Retna Apsari; Wahyu Srigutomo; Wiwit Suryanto
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.51986

Abstract

Topography of a volcano crater can change due to endogenic processes such as deformation or eruption, or surface processes. Erosion and deposition are surface processes that may occur and gradually change the slope of the inner volcano crater. Here, we investigated erosion and deposition processes that occurred in the Kelud crater after the 2014 plinian eruption. We used high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and orthomosaic images derived by drone photogrammetry that acquired between September 2018 and July 2019. We obtained hundreds of aerial images which were reconstructed to obtain 3D models of Kelud’s crater by using Structure from Motion (SfM) technique. Results show erosions at alluvial fans that dominantly located at the east valleys of Kelud crater. The erosion removed the volcanic materials up to -5 m which transported and deposited close to the vicinity of the Kelud crater. The deposition process causes the increase of the Kelud crater lake up to 3 m. Moreover, we also mapped the thermal distribution of the Kelud crater lake by using low cost thermal camera. Our thermal investigation is able to identify some hotspots at the vicinity of the Kelud crater lake with range temperature of 43.7°C – 55.3°C, while the average apparent temperature of the Kelud crater lake is ~ 29°C. This high temperature area may indicate underwater active fractures that continuously release volcanic gasses which leads to convection heat transfer through Kelud’s water lake.
Deteksi Gempa Bumi Real-Time Menggunakan Sensor MPU6050 dengan Koreksi Drift Adaptif dan Sistem ESP32 Berbasis IoT Nadila Gusriyani; Maria Evita
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 15 No 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.15.4.414-422.2026

Abstract

Indonesia is located in the most seismically active region in the world, creating an urgent need for an affordable earthquake monitoring system. This study presents a real-time earthquake event detection system based on an MPU6050 MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) accelerometer with adaptive drift correction integrated with an ESP32 microcontroller and Internet of Things (IoT)-based data transmission. The system acquires three-axis ground acceleration in real time, adaptive bias compensation, drift suppression using zero-velocity update (ZUPT), and event detection based on an adaptive threshold relative to a local noise baseline. Key seismic parameters, including Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Peak Ground Velocity (PGV), are calculated in real time, while frequency domain characterization is performed offline using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis. Long-term stationary measurements over approximately 60 minutes showed stable noise characteristics, with root mean square (RMS) noise levels of 0.0067 m/s², 0.0039 m/s², and 0.0027 m/s² in the X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. The system demonstrated excellent baseline stability, with a PGA variation of only 0.7% and a measured drift rate of 0.00088 m/s² per hour. Comparative validation against a smartphone-based reference sensor demonstrated a 100% event detection rate, and a PGA estimation error of ±2%, with linearity exceeding a coefficient of determination of 0.99.
Co-Authors Ari Setiawan Herlan Darmawan Imam Suyanto irwan meilano Irzaman, Irzaman Mitra Djamal Moh Yasin Nadila Gusriyani Nina Siti Aminah Putra, Heriansyah Retna Apsari Suryanto, Wiwit Wahyu Srigutomo Wahyudi Wahyudi