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All Journal Humaniora Cakrawala: Jurnal Pendidikan
Didik Rinan Sumekto
Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University
Humanities Education

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Javanese Politeness Experience as Depicted in Its Speech Levels of the Transactional Communication Didik Rinan Sumekto; Imam Ghozali; Suhud Eko Yuwono; Gunawan Budi Santoso; Tukiyo Tukiyo
Humaniora Vol 34, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jh.65058

Abstract

Javanese interactions are bound by politeness speech levels. Ngoko, the lowest form, reflects the interactions between close equals, or persons of higher status towards those of lower status, whereas krama, the highest form, is used to address elders or those of higher status. This study aimed to disclose communication politeness as expressed by Javanese users in the public place. Twelve participants were enlisted, among them seven males and five females. Data were recorded from a smartphone and transcribed orthographically to obtain natural data, while data analysis used the interpretative approach, aiming to identify and code the transcripts. The results showed that five females consistently communicated with the krama speech level when dealing with other parties, whilst one female conveyed her ngoko speech level. On the other hand, one participant out of seven accordingly engaged in the krama speech level, whilst the other six participants consistently employed ngoko. These politeness patterns advocated both the interlocutor and hearer’s genuine interests and behavioral reflections within adaptable consequences, and expressed a sense of intimacy, respectfulness, functionality, and equality using various words, expressions, and meaningful talks that made up the existence of their social status. Females complimented others’ appearances, whereas males focused on predominance to show a sense of familiarity. This study concludes that Javanese politeness levels naturally constitute users’ daily speech habits that govern Javanese diglossia through their contextual adoption, adaptation, and reinterpretation. <w:LsdException Locked="false"
Beyond Paralinguistic Responsiveness: How Does a Pre-schooler Address His Gestural Communication? Didik Rinan Sumekto; Taufiqulloh Taufiqulloh
Cakrawala: Jurnal Pendidikan Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Pedagogical Innovations and Sustainable Education: Integrating Local Wisdom, Tec
Publisher : Universitas Pancasakti Tegal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24905/mb2mtd76

Abstract

This study ethnographically portrays the pre-schooler's gestures responsiveness with his existing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and speech delay. This ethnographic study naturally accomplished the insightful qualitative analysis and interpretation observation and videotape recordings to address Levi's daily communication that became a single case study. Levi's paralinguistic responsiveness measured some portrayable emotions and behaviours including responses, requests, and complaints that empirically conveyed his egocentrics, obliviousness, self-consciousness, self-reliance, and reticence rhythms. The findings recalled the eduistic language annotator (ELAN) results of depicting the annotations on chronological transcriptions, generic, and media synchronization modes, from which partially showed Levi's emotions and behaviours as indicated his gesturally paralinguistic responsiveness. This fact addressed how a pre-schooler with his ASD and speech delay emotionally and behaviourally derives the responses, requests, and complaints as major nonverbal language communications. This study recommends other comparably quantitative and qualitative instruments that are subject to consider the neuroscience and psychometric assessments of having accomplished research variances, particularly on the fields of paralinguistic attribution. 
Co-Authors Gunawan Budi Santoso Imam Ghozali Suhud Eko Yuwono Taufiqulloh Taufiqulloh Tukiyo Tukiyo