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Journal : Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

3-ACETYL -2,5,7-TRIHYDROXY-1,4-NAPHTALENEDIONE, AN ANTIMICROBIAL METABOLITE FROM THE CULTURE OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS COELOMYCETES TCBP4 FROM Tinospora crispa Praptiwi, Praptiwi; Jamal, Yuliasri; Fathoni, Ahmad; Nurkanto, Arif; Agusta, Andria
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 23, No 3 Sep (2013)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

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Abstract

Abstract Isolation, identification and testing of antimicrobial activity of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungal culture TCBP4 isolated from bratawali (Tinospora crispa) has been performed. The fungus TCBP4 was cultivated in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) for 1 month, media and fungi extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was separated and purified by several chromatographic techniques, from which 9 fractions were obtained. Fraction 3e was purified again and was obtained 6 fractions (3e1-3e6). Fractions 3e3-3e6 were tested against bacteria isolates Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus subtilis,Eschericia coli and yeast isolate Candida albicans by microdillution method. Antimicrobial activity test result showed that fractions 3e3-3e5 had better antibacterial activity compared to chloramphenicol as commercial antibiotic. It was indicated by MIC value of the fractions was lower (8 ug/ml) compared with the antibiotic chloramphenicol (16 ug/ml). Fraction 3e3 had better antifungal activity compared to commercial antifungal nystatin and cabisidin against C. albicans. GC-MS analysis showed that the chemical constituent of 3e5 fraction was identified as 3-acetyl -2,5,7-trihydroxy-1,4-naphtalenedione . Key words : Tinospora crispa, endophytic fungi, isolation, identification, antimicrobial Abstrak Isolasi, identifikasi dan uji aktivitas antimikrobia terhadap metabolit sekunder dari kultur jamur endofit TCBP4 yang diisolasi dari tumbuhan bratawali (Tinospora crispa). Jamur endofit TCBP4 dikultivasi pada media Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) selama 1 bulan, selanjutnya media dan jamur diekstrak dengan pelarut etil asetat. Ekstrak dipisahkan dan dimurnikan dengan beberapa teknik kromatografi sehingga diperoleh 9 fraksi. Fraksi 3e dimurnikan kembali dan diperoleh 6 fraksi (3e1-3e6). Fraksi 3e3-3e6 diuji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap beberapa isolate bakteri Staphylo-coccus aureus Bacillus subtilis, Eschericia coli dan isolate khamir Candida albicans dengan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil uji antimikrobia menunjukkan bahwa fraksi 3e3-3e5 mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan chloramfenikol, dimana nilai MIC dari fraksi (8 ug/ml) lebih rendah dari antibiotika chloramfenikol (16 ug/ml). Fraksi 3e3 mempunyai aktivitas antijamur lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan antijamur komersial nistatin dan kabisidin terhadap  C. albicans. Analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa komponen kimia dari fraksi 3e5 diidentifikasi sebagai 3-acetyl -2,5,7-trihydroxy-1,4-naphtalenedione . Kata kunci : Tinospora crispa, jamur endofit, isolasi, identifikasi, antimikrobia
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF JAVANEESE PEPPER LEAVES (PIPER RETROFRACTUM VAHL.) Jamal, Yuliasri; Irawati, Pipit; Fathoni, Ahmad; Agusta, Andria
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 23, No 2 Jun (2013)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

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Abstract

Abstrak Daun cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) telah terbukti berkhasiat sebagai bahan antimikroba, akan tetapi belum ada informasi lebih lanjut tentang mekanisme aksi antibakteri dari minyak atsiri daun cabe jawa. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh minyak atsiri daun cabe jawa terhadap bakteri uji sensitif serta difokuskan untuk melihat kerusakan membran sel bakteri melalui analisis protein, asam nukleat dan ion-ion logam kalsium dan kalium. Distilasi uap minyak atsiri dari daun segar cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) menghasilkan 0.03% cairan kental kekuningan. Analisis dengan GC-MS mengidentifikasi 4 senyawa sebagai komponen utama, yaitu germakren D (24.20%), tetrametilsiklo[5.3.1.0(4.11)]-undek-8-ena (17.73%), ar-turmeron (11.55%) dan benzil benzoat (6.28%). Minyak atsiri cabe jawa terbukti aktif melawan beberapa bakteri patogen antara lain Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus dengan diameter daya hambat berturut-turut 8.0; 9.7; 8.5 mm. Pengamatan lebih lanjut memperlihatkan nilai MIC dari minyak atsiri cabe jawa  terhadap B. subtilis adalah 2% (v/v), dan juga merubah morfologi sel dari bakteri yang diobservasi menggunakan SEM. Kata kunci: Piper retrofractum Vah., cabe jawa, minyak atsiri, aktivitas antibakteri Abstract The leaves of Javaneese pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) has been proven efficacious as antimicrobial agent, however, there was no further information about action mechanism of antibacterial of Javaneese pepper leaves essential oil. This study was to determine the effect of essential oils of javaneese pepper leaves against bacterial sensitive test and is focused on investigating the damage of cell membranes of bacteria through the analysis of proteins, nucleic acids and metal ions, calcium and potassium. Steam distillation of essential oil from fresh leaves of Javaneese pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) gave 0.03 % yellowish viscous liquid. Germacrene D (24.20 %), tetramethylcyclo[5.3.1.0(4.11)]-undec-8-ene (17.73 %), Ar-turmeron (11.55 %) and benzyl benzoate (6.28 %) were identified as major constituents analyzed by GC-MS. Javaneese pepper essential oil was active against pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus with diameter of clear zone of 8.0, 9.7 and 8.5 mm respectively. Further investigation showed MIC value of the oil against B. subtilis was 2 % (v/v), and was also alter the cell morphology of tested bacterium observed by SEM. Key words: Piper retrofractum Vahl., Javeneese pepper, essential oil, antibacterial activity