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Preliminary study on the adsorption of lead (II) ions from aqueous solution with breadfruid’s bark (Artocarpus altilis) by un-modified and modified with citric acid Lia Mairiza; Muhammad Zaki; . Nurhayati; Evi Juliyanti
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 1, No 2 (2011): Engineering
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The adsorption of lead(II) ions from aqueous solution with breadfruit’s bark by unmodified and modified with citric acid was investigated. The results by using adsorbent dosage 20 g/L indicated the   adsorption efficiency was up to 99%, and the best result is obtained about 99,963% when adsorbate is  conducted with modified bark for 90 minutes. The adsorption behavior by modified bark followed the Langmuir isotherm model and the Freundlich isotherm model for modified bark. The maximum adsorption capacity of lead(II) ions are 34,98 mg adsorbate/g adsorbent for unmodified bark when contact time is 60             minutes. The influence of contact time showed that adsorption reached the equilibrium rapidly. A batch adsorption model followed the pseudo second order kinetic.
A Literature Review on Reconstructing Islamic Educational Philosophy in the Digital Age: Between Classical Wisdom and AI Ethics Evi juliyanti; Iskandar, Iskandar; Latifur Rahmi; Fatimah Zohra
DIAJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Penelitian Pengabdian Algero

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54259/diajar.v5i1.6781

Abstract

The development of digital technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents epistemic, ethical, and ontological challenges that require a reconstruction of the philosophy of Islamic education to remain relevant in the era of disruption and digital posthumanism. The growing integration of AI into learning processes, knowledge production, and educational decision-making reshapes understandings of humanity, knowledge, and values. This conceptual study aims to reformulate the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations of Islamic education in response to intelligent technologies. This study employs a critical literature review of scholarly works published between 2020 and 2025 on the philosophy of Islamic education, technology ethics, and contemporary AI discourse, drawing from both Western perspectives and classical as well as modern Islamic thought. The findings indicate that, ontologically, Islamic education views human beings as moral subjects and khalifah endowed with spiritual dimensions and transcendent responsibility, rendering them irreducible to algorithmic entities or computational systems. Epistemologically, AI is positioned as an assistive epistemic tool that supports knowledge acquisition and management, rather than replacing human reason or divine revelation. Axiologically, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah provide an ethical framework to ensure that the use of AI aligns with principles of justice, public benefit (maṣlaḥah), responsibility, and human fitrah. This study proposes a Digital-Humanistic Philosophy of Islamic Education that integrates classical Islamic wisdom with contemporary AI ethics, affirms the primacy of values over technology, positions technology as a servant of values, and centers human beings as the core of education and moral responsibility in the digital age.