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All Journal Reaktor International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Pasopati : Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Inovasi Pengembangan Teknologi International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Aji Prasetyaningrum

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty Of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, Tembalang-Semarang, 50275, Telp/fax: (024)7460058/(024)76480675

Author-ID : 2955380

Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other

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Application of Glyoxal Acrylamide Modified Κ-Carrageenan as A Superabsorbent Polymer in Drug Delivery System Aji Prasetyaningrum; Al Farrel A. Raemas; Nur Rokhati; Bakti Jos
Reaktor Volume 20 No.3 September 2020
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The hydrogel is superabsorbent polymers (SAP) that are biodegradable and can be obtained from polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins. Polysaccharides include cellulose, starch and their derivatives, seaweed extracts such as carrageenan, alginate, pectin, and chitosan. Carrageenan is the result of the extraction of red seaweed sap with an alkaline solution. The main objective of this study was to simultaneously increase the strength and properties of κ-carrageenan SAP film with the addition of glyoxal and acrylamide as crosslinkers. The addition of acrylamide (variated from 1 to 7 % b/v) into the k-Carrageenan based SAP hydrogel compound and the presence of glyoxal as crosslink agent (variated from 0 to 1,0 % v/v). The physical properties of the SAP films were analyze using swelling degree and tensile strength. The structural and morphological properties of composite films were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In addition, the effect of pHs on the releasing drug Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-Iodine was investigated. This research shows that the addition of acrylamide and glyoxal can improve the physical properties of the modified κ-carrageenan film. Characterization using SEM shows that the addition of glyoxal causes the formation of tissue fibers in SAP. FTIR spectra indicated the formation of cross bonds in modified SAP film at 3294.42 cm-1 (carboxylic acid). The treatment under alkaline conditions will increase drug release ability.Keywords: κ-carrageenan; hydrogels; acrylamide; glyoxal; drug delivery

Effect of pH and Gas Flow Rate on Ozone Mass Transfer of Κ-Carrageenan Solution in Bubble Column Reactor Aji Prasetyaningrum; Dyah Arum Kusumaningtyas; Purbo Suseno; Ratnawati Ratnawati
Reaktor Volume 18 No. 4 December 2018
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

This research was conducted to calculate the mass transfer coefficient value for ozonation reaction of κ-carrageenan solution in the bubble column reactor. Ozone gas was produced using ozone generator type corona discharge. In this study, operating conditions were regulated at ozone gas flow rate 2- 5 L min-1, pH 4-10, and temperature 29 ± 1 oC. Samples were tested every 5 minutes to determine the dissolved ozone concentration. The results showed that dissolved ozone concentrations increased with increasing ozonation time and ozone gas flow rate. However, a very high gas flow rate can increase turbulence so that the mass transfer coefficient (kLa) value decreased. In alkaline conditions, the formation of free radicals (HO*) increases so that the amount of dissolved ozone decreases. The kLa value of ozone gas in κ-carrageenan solution is slightly lower than the kLa value of the ozone gas in the water. The results of this study indicate that (kLa) ozone gas in water is 0.131 / minute while the value (kLa) in κ-carrageenan solution is 0.128 / minute.Keywords: ozone; mass transfer; pH; flowrate

Encapsulation of Lemongrass Extract (Cymbopogon citratus) Coated Alginate/Chitosan Using Gelation Method Aji Prasetyaningrum; Sadam Arrois; Fitri Lafifa; Aat Zaki Mubarok; Fadlillah Fani; Noer Abyor Handayani; Ratnawati Ratnawati; Bakti Jos
Reaktor Volume 21 No. 3 September 2021
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a medicinal plant with various biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. This study aimed to encapsulate lemongrass bioactive in alginate/chitosan complex by enhancing the properties of CaCl2 crosslinked incorporated with tween 80 by ionic gelation method. The hydrogel was prepared by mixing alginate solution (2% w/v) and chitosan solution (1% w/v) with a ratio (1:1 v/v). Tween 80 (2% v/v) was added as a dissolution enhancer and CaCl2 as a crosslinker agent. The formulation varying by concentration of CaCl2 (0.1M to 0.3M) and lemongrass extract (2% to 12%). Encapsulation lemongrass with alginate-chitosan beads is characterized to determine encapsulation efficiency, swelling study, morphology, functional groups, and release study. The results showed that encapsulation efficiency ranged from 74.81% to 83.07%. Encapsulation efficiency increased with the addition of CaCl2 and lemongrass extract concentration. The swelling ratio ranged from 27.29 to 37.81, it will decrease with the addition of CaCl2 and lemongrass extract concentration. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis of hydrogel beads shows a polyhedral shape, porous, and rough surface which indicates bioactive of lemongrass trapped on the beads. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results show new peaks at 1734 cm-1 as carbonyl stretch vibrations in ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids, indicating the addition of lemongrass extract. Bioactive of lemongrass extract loaded alginate-chitosan beads was successfully released as much as 87.12% at pH 6.8. This study suggested the strong potential alginate-chitosan beads as an encapsulating agent for lemongrass extract using the ionic gelation method, and it has potential as a drug delivery system.Keywords: encapsulation; lemongrass; alginate; chitosan; CaCl2

Optimasi Proses Ozonasi pada Depolimerisasi κ-Karagenan dengan Metode Respon Permukaan Aji Prasetyaningrum; Ratnawati Ratnawati; Bakti Jos
Reaktor Volume 17 No.1 Maret 2017
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Abstract OPTIMIZATION OF OZONATION PROCESS FOR κ-CARRAGEENAN DEPOLYMERIZATION USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY. The objective of this research is to optimize the operating parameters in depolymerization of κ-carrageenan by ozone treatment. The optimization is done by using Box-Bhenken Design (BBD) model with ozonation time (5-15 minute), pH (3-11) and temperature (20-40oC) as the independent variables.The response of ozonation process is the degree of depolymerization of κ-carrageenan (DP). The initial molecular weight of refined κ-karagenan was 271 kDa. The κ-carrageenans powder was completely dissolved in distilled water to form 1% (weight/volume). The experiments were carried out in a 2000 ml of a glass reactor with an ozone gas sparger. The inlet ozone concentration was 80±2 ppm. The result shows that ozonation time, pH and temperature have significant effects during ozonation process (p< 0.05). Analysis of variance shows that the experimental data fit the model very well with the R2 value of 0.98. The optimum conditions during ozonation process are achieved at the reaction time of 15 min, ozonation pH of 3 and reaction temperature of 25oC. Under these optimum conditions the DP of κ-carrageenan is 91.513%. Keywords: depolymerization; κ-carrageenan;optimization; ozonation process Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan kondisi optimum parameter operasi depolimerisasi κ-karagenan dengan perlakuan ozonasi. Optimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan model statistika Box-Bhenken Design (BBD) dengan variabel yang digunakan yaitu waktu ozonasi (5-15 menit), pH (3-11), dan suhu (20-40oC). Respon dari proses ozonasi adalah derajat depolimerisasi κ-karagenan (DP). Berat molekul awal refined κ-karagenan adalah 271 kDa. Sampel κ-karagenan dilarutkan secara sempurna dalam air distilasi dan konsentrasi diatur 1% (berat/volume). Percobaan dilakukan dalam reaktor gelas volume 2000 ml yang dilengkapi dengan sparger gas ozon. Konsentrasi gas ozon yang masuk adalah 80±2 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu ozonasi, pH, dan suhu berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap proses ozonasi (p<0,05). Analisis varian menghasilkan ketelitian yang tinggi antara data eksperimen dan prediksi, dengan nilai koefisien R2 = 0,98. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada waktu ozonasi 15 menit, pH ozonasi 3 dan temperatur reaksi 25oC. Pada kondisi optimum ini diperoleh DP κ-karagenan sebesar 91,513%. Kata kunci:depolimerisasi; κ-carrageenan;optimasi; proses ozonasi

The Impact of Combination of Ozonation and Ultrasonication Process on Morphological and Chemical Properties of κ-Carrageenan Nurfiningsih Nurfiningsih; Ratnawati Ratnawati; Aji Prasetyaningrum
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 2 June 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Carrageenan application in the biomedical field is influenced by the size of molecular weight. Depolymerization process is needed for changing the high molecular weight (HMW) fraction of κ- carrageenan into low molecular weight fraction (LMW) of κ- carrageenan. Ozone is a powerful oxidant and considered for depolymerization of κ- carrageenan. This research was conducted as an investigation on the influence of the combination of ozonation and ultrasonication (OZ/US) on the chemical and morphological characteristics of κ-carrageenan. FTIR and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the change of chemical and morphological characteristics of κ-carrageenan. The result of this study showed that there was no change of chemical properties of κ-carrageenan during OZ/US treatment. The sulfate content was obtained after OZ/US treatment tends to be stable. Nevertheless, the result of SEM analysis showed that there were changes on morphological characteristics of κ-carrageenan after OZ/US treatment. Keywords: ultrasonication, κ-carrageenan, ozonation, morphological, chemical

ULTRASONIC-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF ANTIOXIDANT PHENOLIC COUMPOUNDS FROM EUCHEUMA COTTONII Dyah Hesti Wardhani; Denni Kartika Sari; Aji Prasetyaningrum
Reaktor Volume 14, No. 4, OKTOBER 2013
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The influences of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions on phenolic compounds of Eucheuma cottonii seaweeed were investigated. The effects of temperature, time and liquid-solid ratio were evaluated based on the total phenolic content (TPC). The result showed a significant variability of effect of temperature, time, and liquid-solid ratio on TPC. Application of ultrasound reduced the optimum temperature, time and liquid-solid ratio of the extraction when compared to the conventional extraction. The highest phenolic content (4.44 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight) was obtained at 3:1(v/w) of liquid-solid ratio, 55oC of temperature and 35 min of extraction time. At this condition, the extract showed ability to scavenging 91% of 1,1-diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH radical) and 10.9% of H2O2. High ability of the extract to scavenge DPPH radical but low in scavenging H2O2 indicated that the extract dominated by primary antioxidant compounds which work by donating hydrogen atoms to bind free radical.

Co-Authors . Widayat Aat Zaki Mubarok Al Farrel A. Raemas Alwi Meidianto Andri Cahyo Kumoro Bakti Jos Denni Kartika Sari Dessy Ariyanti Dessy Ariyanti Diah Susetyo Retnowati Dyah Arum Kusumaningtyas Dyah Hesti Wardhani Fadlillah Fani Fatoni Nugroho Fauzia Dara Qonita Fitri Lafifa Gian Restu Prinanda Indrawati Dwi Paramita Inggrid K. Wardhani M. Djaeni Muqsit Bramantiya Nadia Sevi Ardiana Nita Aryanti Noer Abyor Handayani Novianto D K Nur Rokhati Nurfiningsih Nurfiningsih Nurul Asiah Pajar Saputra Purbo Suseno Ratnawati Ratnawati Ressa Puspita Dewi Sadam Arrois Samir Badres Teguh Riyanto Widayat Widayat Y. Dinarianasari Yudhy Dharmawan

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