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All Journal Journal of Tropical Soils AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science JURNAL ILMIAH GEOMATIKA Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim AGRIC
ANTONIUS KASNO
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Mathematics Social Sciences

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Point of Zero Charge Determination and the Inluence of P, Basic Slag, Organic Matter and Lime Applications on Colloidal Charge and Quality of Oxisols MARKUS ANDA; ANTONIUS KASNO; WIWIK HARTATIK; . SULAEMAN; J. SRI ADININGSIH
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 19 (2001): Desember 2001
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n19.2001.%p

Abstract

The colloidal charge manipulation of highly weathered soils using point of zero charge (PZC or pHo) approach is important in improving soil chemical properties. The objective of this study was to determine the PZC and manipulate colloidal charge surfaces of Oxisols in order to increase their quality. PZC was determined by adjusting pH values from 3 to 7 using potentiometric titration. The change of colloidal surface charges was measured using two extractants; NH4-acetat pH 7 and NH4Cl. A glass house experiment was carried out using 4.5 kg soil/pot. Soil was taken from Sonay, South East Sulawesi and from Sitiung, West Sumatra. Soil was taken from surface layer (0-20 cm) and subsurface layer (20-40 cm) for each location. Four factors consisted of P fertilizer, basic slag, organic matter and lime were used to manipulate colloidal surface charge. The treatment rates were 100, 200 and 400 ppm P for P fertilizer; 2, 4 and 8 t/ha for basic slag; 10, 20 and 40 t/ha for organic matter; 1.5, 3 and 6 t/ha for lime, and a complete control. All 13 treatments with three replications, were arranged using a randomized complete block design in which each layer of two Oxisols is used as a block. The results showed that values of PZC for a surface layer of Sonay Oxisol (OSY) and for surface and subsurface layers of Sitiung Oxisol (OSG) are similar, i.e, pHo was 3.5. In addition, the PZC value for the subsurface layer of OSY occurs at pH 5 which is the highest pHo value compared to three other layers. The PZC value of OSY, at a surface layer is higher than its soil pH value (5.0 vs 4.4) suggesting that colloidal surfaces bear a positive charge. In contrast, the PZC values for the surface layer of OSY and surface and subsurface layers of OSG were lower than their soil pH values, indicating the colloidal surfaces bear a negative charge. Application of P, basic slag, organic matter, and lime was able to manipulate colloidal charge surfaces having positive charges become negative and that the low negative charge of colloidal surfaces become more negative as evidenced from the increase cation exchange capacity (measured in NH4Cl) compared to a control treatment. Application of P, basic slag,organic matter, and lime could increased quality of Oxisols as shown by decreasing K leaching and by increased soybean yields, which drastically increased compared to a control treatment.
Maize (Zea mays, L.) response on Fertilization of Russian MOP in Inceptisols and Ultisols DEDI NURSYAMSI; . HUSNAIN; ANTONIUS KASNO; DIAH SETYORINI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 23 (2005): Desember 2005
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n23.2005.%p

Abstract

Indonesia’s agricultural lands commonly require fertilization of K to attain optimum plant yield. So far, most farmers use K fertilizer from KCl, apart to the fact that its effectiveness varies with soils and plants. It is expected that Russian MOP fertilizer is more effective and economically morebeneficial than KCl fertilizer. Field experiment aimed to test the effectiveness of Russian MOP for maize and was conducted in Inceptisols (of Cibatok-Bogor) and Ultisols (of Jagang-North Lampung) in dry season of 2004. The experiment applied Randomized Completely Block Design with 3 replicates, and maize of Lamuru variety was as plant indicator. The treatment consisted of 5 levels of Russian MOP fertilizer: 0, 25, 50, 100,and 200 kg ha-1 and one treatment of KCl fertilizer of 100 kg ha-1 as a reference. The result showed that the use of Russian MOP increased soil HCl-K and NH4OAc-K as well as dry matter and grain yield. RAE at Russian MOP level of > 100 kg ha-1 was 138 and 115 in Inceptisols of Cibatok and 314 in Ultisols of Jagang. The maximum profits using Russian MOP fertilizer in Inceptisols and Ultisols were Rp 4.4 and Rp 1.9 million ha-1 season-1, respectively, and were greater than those of using KCl fertilizer in both studied soils. IBCR values of the Russian MOP fertilizer were 2.44-10.37 (Inceptisols) and 0.69-3.41 (Ultisols) and were greater than those of KCl fertilizer. The requirements of Russian MOP fertilizer to achieve maximum profit were 119 and 105 kg ha-1 or equal to 71 and 63 kg K2O ha-1 for Inceptisols of Cibatok and Ultisols of Jagang, respectively. Considering its effectiveness and benefit, Russian MOP fertilizer can be used as alternative of K fertilization.
Critical Limit of Mercury and Cadmium on Typic Dystrudepts and Typic Hapluderts of Paddy Field HUSEIN SUGANDA; ANTONIUS KASNO; BAMBANG HENDRO PRASETYO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 24 (2006): Desember 2006
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n24.2006.%p

Abstract

Industrial wastes may pollute agricultural land, which is leading to the contamination of agricultural yield by heavy metals. The pollution of Mercury (Hg) and Cadmium (Cd) on paddy field on rice growth is hard to observe, but the contents of Mercury (Hg) and Cadmium (Cd) on hulled-rice exceed the safety level. Therefore Research should be conducted to study the critical limit of Hg and Cd in soils from paddy field. Soil polluted by Hg and Cd should be remediated physically, chemically, or biologically before it is used for agricultural land. The objectives of the study were to know the effect of heavy metal on harvest yields; to find out the relationship between the contents of Mercury and Cadmium in the soil and in rice, and to determine the critical level of Hg and Cd in the soil. The study was preceded at the laboratory for determining maximum adsorption of Mercury and Cadmium by soil, and then at green house using pots containing Typic Dystrudepts and Typic Hapluderts as muchas 7.5 kg of dry soil. Each pot was given treatments of Mercury and Cadmium with the rate of ; 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 of maximum adsorption by soil, afterward stired and incubated for seven days. Each pot was planted with rice IR-64 as indicator plant. This experiment used Randomised Completely Design with three replicates. The research results showed that the increase of Hg content in soil does not decrease unhulled-rice yield, on the contrary the increase of Cd in soil decreases hulled-rice. Coefficient of correlation (r) between Mercury content in soil and in hulled-rice is 0.79 and 0.94 respectively, while for Cadmium is 0.98 and 0.97. The critical limit of Mercury content in Typic Hapluderts and Typic Dystrudepts is 7.1 and 13.6 mg kg-1 respectively, while the critical limit of Cadmium in Typic Hapluderts and Typic Dystrudepts is 3.9 and 6.9 mg kg-1.
PELEPASAN SULFUR PADA TANAH SAWAH Linca Anggria; Antonius Kasno; Tia Rostaman
Agric Vol. 31 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian dan Bisnis, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24246/agric.2019.v31.i1.p67-74

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the release of S in paddy soil. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse which the soil sample was taken from three different sites. The treatment consists of (T0) control, (T1) 0.02 g S pot-1, (T2) 0.04 g S pot-1, (T3) 0.08 g S pot-1, (T4) 0.04 g S pot-1 + rice straw. The concentration of S was measured in soil, surface water (soil solution) and leached water. The results showed that the addition of S increased the available S. In general, concentration of S in soil was high for site 1 and 3. It was possible due to the higher clay content for site 1 and 3 compared to site 2. The higher S concentration in soil solution was obtained by treatment T3 for all sites. Sulfur concentration in leached water was higher for T2 compared to T4. It indicated that rice straw could protect the release of S in leached water.
Solubility of Rock Phosphate and its Effect to the Growth and Yield of Maize on Ultisols Kasno, Antonius; Setyorini, Diah; Dwiningsih, Sutisni
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 13 No. 1: January 2008
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2008.v13i1.11-22

Abstract

Phosphor is a macro nutrients and it becomes the main limiting factor for maize growth on Ultisols. Rock phosphate is one of P fertilizer sources contains high P and Ca content, slow release and soluble under acid condition, suitable for acid soil. The objective of this research is to study the solubility of rock phosphate and its influence to the growth and yield of maize on Ultisols.  This research was conducted in the research laboratory and the green house of Indonesia Soil Research Institute (ISRI). Ultisols soil samples were taken from oil palm plantation in North Sumatera. Christmas Island Rock Phosphate (CIRP) and Tunisia rock phosphate was used in this research. There are two activity conducted simultaneously, which is application of rock phosphate on Ultisols under plant indicator and without plant. The experimental design is randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The pot experiment without plant was conducted using1 kg of soil sample mixed with rock phosphate treatment and placed into plastic plot.  During 3 months of incubation, soil water content was maintained under field capacity by aquadest.  The dosages of P fertilizer were 0, 157.6 and 315.2 kg P2O5 ha-1. Soil samples were taken on 1, 2, and 3 months after P fertilization for measuring pH, P content (by HCl 25 %, Bray 1 and Olsen extraction), P-inorganic fractionation (Al-P, Fe-P, Rs-P and Ca-P), exchangeable acidity (Al and H), Al and free of Fe oxide. The pot experiments with maize were conducted using 7.5 kg soil samples mixed with 2 different rock phosphates as a treatment. The dosages of rock phosphate were similar with experiment 1. Urea 300 kg and 150 kg KCl ha1 were applied as a basal fertilizer. Maize was planted two seed per pot and maintain until harvest time. The result of the research shows that soil P content increase with RP application, Tunisia rock phosphate give higher response than the CIRP. Direct application of rock phosphate with Fe and Al content did not increase significantly the Aldd, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 content on soil.  Application of CIRP and Tunisia rock phosphate increased maize growth and yield significantly.
Nutrient Balance at Integrated Nutrient Management on Lowland Rice Which is Dominated by 1:1 Clay Mineral for High Potential Rice Yields Kasno, Antonius
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 15 No. 2: May 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i2.119-126

Abstract

Nutrient Balance at Integrated Nutrient Management on Lowland Rice Which is Dominated by 1:1 Clay Mineral for High Potential Rice Yields (A Kasno): The curve of the most recent production period of the intensification lowland rice was stating a levelling off. In the effort to increase the rice production, an improvement on intensification quality using a balance fertilizing concept was determined.  The objective of this research was to study the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient balance among the integrated nutrient management. The field experiment was conducted in Margodadi and Mulyosari, Metro, Lampung, in dry season 2006. A randomized Complete Block Design was applied with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments combined of inorganic and organic fertilizers. Phosphorus and potassium dosages and proportions were determined based on the previous research held in 2005, it were 100 kg SP-36 ha-1 and 80 kg KCl ha-1 in Mulyosari, and 130 kg SP-36 ha-1 and 120 kg KCl ha-1 in Margodadi. At the beginning, 100 kg urea was added. The crop’s need of nitrogen was monitored using the Leaf Color Chart every 7-10 days, starting from the 21st days after planting, up to the phase panical inisiation. Total urea fertilizer added was 300 kg ha-1. Organic matters consisting of  5 Mg ha-1 rice straw and 2 Mg ha-1 cow manure were added. Ammonium sulphate was added to provide 10 kg S ha-1 and by 5 minutes dying the seedlings on 0,05% ZnSO4 solution before planting was intended to provide Zn nutrient. Micro nutrient Cu was provided by adding 5 kg ha-1 CuSO4. The plot size was 5m x 5m, and Hybride Rice, PHB 71, was used as the plant indicator. Observation was focused on the weight of dry straw and yield and on analysing the nutrient content of straw and grain yield. The result showed  that the weight of the yield increased from 7.44 to 7.93 Mg ha-1 by adding Cu in Mulyosari. The total production of Hybride PHB 71 in the NPK treatment based on the Margodadi and Mulyosari nutrient status were 7.44 and 7.00 Mg ha-1,  respectively. Adding KCl 120 kg ha-1 in Margodadi and 80 kg ha-1 in Mulyosari was equal to the incorporating 5 Mg ha-1 rice straw in acheiving the same rate of the weight of the yield. Incorporating straw 5 Mg ha-1 increased the nutrients content of harvested straw/grain:  N from 105 to 123 kg ha-1, P from 26 to 34 kg ha-1, and K from 106 to 114 kg ha-1 in Margodadi, while in Mulyosari increasing N from 114 to 128 kg ha-1, P from 26 to 34 kg ha-1, and K from 71 to 87 kg ha-1.  Nutrient balance in Margodadi was in the range of -12 to 68 kg ha-1, -16 to -7 kg ha-1, and -68 to -5 ka ha-1 for N, P, and K, respectively, while in Mulyosari was in the range of -23 to 67 kg ha-1, -19 to -10 kg ha-1 and -60 to -28 kg ha-1 for N, P, and K, respectively. Incorporating rice straw to the rice field was able to improve the balance of N, P, and K nutrients in the rice field.
Integrated Nutrient Management of an Acid Paddy Soil in Karang Tanjung Village, Padang Ratu, Central Lampung Kasno, Antonius; Irawan, Irawan; Husnain, Husnain; Rochayati, Sri
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 22 No. 2: May 2017
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2017.v22i2.97-106

Abstract

Balanced fertilization is the key factor to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of fertilization.The dosage of inorganic fertilizers applied can be determined based on the nutrient status of P, K and rice productivity. The research aims to improve balance fertilization that combines inorganic fertilizers, which is set up based on soil nutrient status, and organic fertilizers. The research was conducted in Karang Tanjung Village, Padang Ratu District, Central Lampung, in the dry season of 2009 until 2012. An experimental plot of one hectare was set up in the farmer’s paddy fields. Generally, the plot for every treatment was owned by two or more farmers. The treatments consisted of the dose of fertilizer applications for lowland rice, namely (1) dose of fertilizers based on farmer practice, (2) dose of fertilizers proposed by Petrokimia, (3) 75% of fertilizer dose that was set up based on soil analysis plus straw compost, and (4) 75% of inorganic fertilizer combined with manure and biofertilizer. At the fourth growing season, each plot was applied with 100% inorganic fertilizer (NPK fertilizer). The results showed that the limiting factor of the soil used in the current study is the content of organic-C, N, K, and CEC. The compost of rice straw used as organic matter in the current study contains higher organic-C and total-N in comparison to manure. Organic matter application in the form of straw compost or manure can reduce 25% of NPK application, while the production of rice remains high. Fertilization on paddy soils based on soil nutrient status can improve fertilization efficiency. Rice production in the treatment of 100% NPK is similar to that in the fertilization treatments based on farmer practice and Petrokima rate. Keywords: Nutrient management, acid soil, fertilization efficiency
Respon Tanaman Jagung terhadap Pemupukan Fosfor pada Typic Dystrudepts Kasno, Antonius
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 2: May 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i2.111-118

Abstract

Response of Maize Plant to Phosphorus Fertilization on Typic Distrudepts (A. Kasno): On the acid soil, phosphorus nutrients  become critical for agricultural crops growth. At the present, price of fertilizers significantly increase and fertilizers are not available. These conditions can affect on soil productivity and crop production. The objective of these research were to study the  response of maize (Zea mays L.) to phosphate fertilizers on Inceptisol. The research was conducted in Cicadas Village on Typic Dystrudept. Experiment was conducted in a randomized completely block design, with 8 treatments and three replications. Treatments consisted of 6 dosages of P fertilizers, which were P source is SP-36 WIKA Agro 0, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg ha-1. SP-36 and Tunisia rock phosphate (40 kg P ha-1) were used for standard. Pioneer 12 variety of maized was used as an indicator. Plot size was 5 m x 6 m and the maize was planting with distance of 75 cm x 20 cm with   one seed per hole. The results showed  that organic C and N, P (extracted by Bray 1), K and CEC on the soil were low. Phosphate fertilizers significantly increased which was P extracted by HCl 25% from 24 to 67 mg P 100 g-1 soil and which were extracted by Bray 1 increased from 0,87 to  63.31 mg P kg-1 soil. Phosphate fertilizers significantly increased plant height from 175.2 cm become to 221.1 cm. Plant height of maize using SP-36 WIKA Agro fertilizer (210.6 cm) was similar to plant heigh using SP-36 fertilizer (213.4 cm)  but less height from Tunisia rock phosphate. The yield of maize on SP-36 WIKA Agro (4.94 t ha-1) were linely higher than SP-36 (4.69 t ha-1), significantly was higher than that of Tunisia rock phosphate. Maximum dosage of SP-36 fertilizer was 66.67 kg P ha-1, and optimum dosage was 42 kg P ha-1. Value of Relative Agronomic Effectiveness SP-36 WIKA Agro fertilizer was heigher than SP-36.
Co-Authors . HUSNAIN . Sulaeman . Sulaeman Aufa H. A. Syafril, Aufa H. A. BAMBANG HENDRO PRASETYO Bambang Hendro Prasetyo Bambang Hendro Trisasongko Boedi Tjahjono Dedi Nursyamsi DIAH SETYORINI Diah Setyorini DJADJA SUBARDJA Dyah R. Panuju Febria Heidina, Febria HUSEIN SUGANDA Husnain Husnain, Husnain I MADE GUSTI SUBIKSA Irawan Irawan J. SRI ADININGSIH L. ANGGRIA Ladiyani Retno Widowati Linca Anggria M. MASJKUR M.T. Sutriadi MARKUS ANDA Rochayati, Sri Rostaman, T. SUTISNI DWININGSIH SUTISNI DWINININGSIH Tia Rostaman Wiwik Hartatik