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Muhammad Rustamaji
Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

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UNEARTHING THE PHILOSOPHICAL ROOTS OF PANCASILA ON DISTINCTIVE LEGAL TREATMENTS FOR CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH THE LAW Bambang Santoso; Soehartono .Soehartono; Muhammad Rustamaji
Yustisia Vol 6, No 2: August 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v6i2.12412

Abstract

Thus far, equality before the law is understood as an ideality without limitation and exception. Its enforceability is considered to apply indiscriminately for every law breaker. However, reality of law enforcement says differently when a perpetrator of the crime is called an early age child. Special regulations exist injustice system, law governing it as well as provisions derived from the children rights, although the child is positioned as dealing with the law. In such context of an establishment of law regarding children in conflict with the law, it is interesting to find philosophical roots of distinctive treatment negating equality before the law. The explorative step is more attractive, especially when many mosaics of conception has been discovered about what are the truths whena child is in conflict with the law: 1) violations committed by children are not purely mistakes of the children, 2) children are, nevertheless, having rights that must be fulfilled including when dealing with the law, 3) children has privileges with broad distribution of regulations in various sectors and according to the view based on Pancasila, they are keten (a link) of a nation. Such varied conceptions elicit necessity of unearthing philosophical roots, truths and realitiesthat are always plural. So that, the law established is not only be legal because it is formed in legitimate manner and by legitimate power (pedigree thesis), also incorporating theexisting basic values or moral principles, though not absolute, depending on condition of society (the moral thesis) (Twining, 2009). Thus, study of such legal products is not only be seen as the work of professional, but as Satjipto Rahardjo viewed, it is placed as an scientific object to explain that a law codified in legislation, though, is not something sacred to examine for its philosophical content.
PEMAHAMAN MENGENAI PEMIDANAAN TERHADAP TERDAKWA ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR (Studi Putusan Nomor 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2019/PN Trg.) Meirizka Orchidiva Adistyputri; Muhammad Rustamaji
Verstek Vol 10, No 1: 2022
Publisher : Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jv.v10i1.63945

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertimbangan hukum hakim serta bagaimana pemahaman terkait menjatuhkan pidana penjara terhadap terdakwa yang masih di bawah umur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Jenis dan sumber bahan hukumnya meliputi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus (case study). Selanjutnya, teknik analisis bahan hukum ini menggunakan metode deduktif. Dengan begitu berdasarkan penelitian yang telah Penulis lakukan, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Pelaku Anak yang terkena tindak pidana pencurian menurut pertimbangan hukum hakim si Anak tersebut di jatuhkan pidana penjara yang berarti masih banyak penanganan mengenai perkara anak masih disamakan dengan perkara orang dewasa tanpa mempertimbangkan mengenai psikologis anak serta kepentingan dan juga kesejahteraan masa depan anak tersebut. Sedangkan Anak yang Bermasalah dengan Hukum (ABH) itu sendiri dan seringkali anak itu tidak mengerti dengan apa yang sudah diperbuat, dan ia pun harus diarahkan serta diberikan bentuk pembinaan khusus terhadapnya. Alangkah lebih baik jika seorang Hakim dapat memberikan keringanan hukuman atau biasa disebut dengan Diskresi (Peringanan Hukuman), sehingga bisa menjadi jalan keluar untuk para Anak Di Bawah Umur yang terkena tindak pidana.Kata Kunci: Pertimbangan Hukum Hakim, Anak Dibawah Umur, Tindak Pidana Pencurian, Penjatuhan Pidana Penjara.ABSTRACT: This study aims to obtain how the judges' legal considerations and in the form of understanding how to impose a prison sentence against underage defendants. This research is a prescriptive normative legal research. The legal material collection technique used is literature study. Types and sources of legal materials include primary and secondary legal materials. The approach in this research uses a case study approach. Furthermore, this legal material analysis technique uses the deductive method. Therefore, based on the research that the author has done, it can be concluded that the perpetrators of children who have been subjected to criminal acts of theft according to the legal considerations of the judge of the child were sentenced to imprisonment, which means that there is still a lot of handling regarding cases of children that are still equated with adult cases without considering the psychological aspects of children. as well as the interests and future well-being of the child. Whereas the Child Troubled with Law (ABH) itself and often the child does not understand what has been done, and he must be directed and given a special form of guidance for him. It would be better if a Judge can provide leniency or commonly referred to as Discretion, so that it can be a way out for Minors who are exposed to crime.Keywords: Judicial Legal Considerations, Underage Children, Theft of Crimes, Imprisonment of Prisons.
KESESUAIAN KONSEP DALUWARSA DALAM PENJATUHAN PIDANA STUDI KASUS NOMOR 226/PID.B/2018/PN.DPK DENGAN KETENTUAN PASAL 80 KUHP Albyno Achir; Muhammad Rustamaji
Verstek Vol 10, No 1: 2022
Publisher : Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jv.v10i1.64031

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Penulisan hukum ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hak hukum tentang penghentian daluwarsa pada penuntutan, dalam perspektif penghentian daluwarsa penuntutan Pasal 80 KUHP (Stuiting van de Verjaring). Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif, bersifat preskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Hasil riset menunjukan bahwa penetapan penuntutan dalam perkara kasus putusan Nomor 226/Pid.B/2018/Pn.Dpk  dinilai tidak sesuai pada perspektif Pasal 80 KUHP atas landasan pertimbangan hakim yang menyetujui   putusan   perkara   Praperadilan   Nomor   110/Pid.Pra/2017/Pn.Jkt.Sel, sehingga timbulnya dialektika mengenai penuntutan untuk menghentikan daluwarsa. Pada perspektif ketentuan Pasal 80 KUHP tindakan penuntutan timbul dualisme daluwarsa yakni, perbuatan tuntutan menghentikan daluwarsa asal perbuatan tersebut diketahui oleh orang yang dituntut atau telah diberitahukannya kepadanya, dan yang kedua adalah proses penuntutan adanya perkembangan dalam proses penyidikan menentukan bahwa orang yang hilang adalah orang yang dituntut, dapat menghentikan daluwarsa tanpa memberitahukan kepada orang yang dituntut tersebut. Dialektika daluwarsa inilah yang seharusnya diungkap pada penulisan hukum ini.Kata Kunci: DALUWARSA; PENJATUHAN PIDANA; KUHPABSTRACT: The legal writing aims to analyse the protection of the legal rights of the termination of the prosecution in the perspective of termination of the prosecution of Article 80 KUHP (Stuiting van de Verjaring). This research is a type of normative, prescriptive legal research. The study uses statutory approaches and case approaches using primary legal materials and secondary legal substances.  The research shows that the determination of the prosecution in case of verdict No. 226/Pid. B/2018/Pn. DPK is assessed not in accordance with the perspective of Article 80 KUHP on the basis of judgment of judges who agree to the verdict of Pre-Court Number 110/Pid. Pra/2017/Pn. Jkt. Sel, So the emergence of dialectics about the prosecution to stop. On the perspective of Article 80 KUHP the prosecution of the proceedings arose the tax evidence that the act of prosecution ceased the constitution of the deed is known by the person charged or told to him, and the second is the process of prosecution of developments in the process of investigation determines that the lost person is the person charged, can stop the tax without notifying the claimable person. Dialectic of this tax is what should be revealed in the writing of this law.Keywords : DALUWARSA; CRIMINAL IMPOSITION; KUHP
SIMULACRA ASAS PRADUGA TIDAK BERSALAH DALAM INGSUTAN KEWENANGAN PRAPERADILAN Muhammad Rustamaji
Yustisia Vol 5, No 2: August 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v5i2.8760

Abstract

Abstractdied. ‘New World’ which Baudrillard calls the ‘Galactic Simulacra’, was struck all life aspects, including law. Dialectics about the pretrial judge over status of a suspect several times ago which is better known as Sarpin’s Effect, and has been abolished with the appearance of  The Constitutional Court Decision Number 21 / PUU-XII / 2014, shows how the reality of the presumption of innocence (APTB) often turns into hyperreality in the application of national law APTB at the pretrial stage, which applies only in textual various issues surrounding the complexity of the legal reality. The competition between the presumption of guilt and innocence, the legal and factual concept in the minds of law enforcement, as well as human values that precede the legality brooded in the Pancasila revolution ala Indonesia human rights, failed to be described due to the simplifying of Presumption of Innocence in monofacet. Therefore, Presumption of Innocence as one of the principles at the core of the formal criminal law, according to Satjipto Rahardjo, it is proper to be conceived as a law manner that does not just stop at reading the text, but continues with the action or human effort. An effort that certainly draining the mind, empathy and courage, which is not purely alles binnen de cadre van de wet. AbstrakJean Baudrillard melalui Simulacra and Simulation (1981) membuat rancangan pikir yang memprediksi bahwa realitas pada akhirnya telah mati. ‘Dunia baru’ yang Baudrillard sebut sebagai ‘Galaksi Simulacra’, ternyata melanda seluruh aspek kehidupan tidak terkecuali hukum. Dialektika tentang praperadilan yang mengadili status tersangka beberapa waktu lalu yang lebih dikenal sebagai Sarpin’s Effect, dan dipungkasi dengan munculnya Putusan MK Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014, menunjukkan betapa realitas asas praduga tidak bersalah (APTB) acapkali berubah menjadi hiperealitas dalam penerapan hukum nasional. APTB pada tahap praperadilan yang hanya diterapkan secara tekstual dan dipisahlepaskan dari konteksnya, hukumnya. Persaingan antara praduga bersalah dan tidak bersalah, maupun kesenjangan legal concept dan factual concept dalam benak penegak hukum, serta nilai kemanusiaan yang mendahului legalitas yang diperam dalam revolusi Pancasila ala HAM Indonesia, gagal tergambar akibat penyedehanaan APTB yang monofaset. Oleh karenanya, APTB sebagai salah satu asas yang menjadi inti dalam hukum pidana formil, menurut Satjipto Rahardjo, sudah selayaknya dikonsepsikan sebagai cara berhukum yang tidak hanya berhenti pada membaca teks, tetapi melanjutkannya dengan aksi atau usaha (effort) manusia. Suatu usaha yang tentu saja menguras energi, baik pikiran maupun empati dan keberanian yang tidak semata-mata bersifat alles binnen de kader van de wet.