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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development Java Nursing Journal Danadyaksa: Post Modern Economy Journal Indonesian Journal of Education and Pedagogy
Vijay Kumar
Aurobindo Pharma Ltd, Bachupally, Hyderabad- 500072, Andhra Pradesh, India
Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing

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 1 
Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space: Role of Sustainable Development Goals and Its Legal Consequences Kumar, Vijay; Raju, K D; Subramanian, S R
Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development Vol 2 No 1 (2023): January-June, 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijel.v2i1.62006

Abstract

Celestial phenomena have historically contributed to natural processes, but their collision paths and debris generation have increasingly threatened outer space. Human activities in space exacerbate these risks, prompting concerns over the preservation of the space environment. The United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS) has responded by initiating sustainable space initiatives. In 2010, UNCOPUOS's Scientific and Technical Subcommittee established a Working Group on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities. This group aims to develop voluntary guidelines for states, international organizations, and private entities to ensure sustainable space practices. The collaboration between Avio, an Italian aerospace company, and the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), forged during the 74th Session of the United Nations General Assembly in September 2019, is a notable step towards enhancing space accessibility, particularly for developing nations. This paper examines various aspects of sustainable space practices, including their alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Part one introduces sustainable development principles and the global imperative for environmental protection. Part two explores the role of space technologies in advancing the SDGs. Part three investigates whether the SDGs encompass space-related objectives and proposes strategies for achieving sustainable space practices. Finally, part four advocates for a robust regulatory framework for sustainable space activities, emphasizing the need to learn from past environmental mistakes and protect the integrity of outer space.
Estimation of kernel density function using Kapur entropy Chawla, Leena; Kumar, Vijay; Saxena, Arti
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 14, No 5: October 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v14i5.pp6016-6022

Abstract

Information-theoretic measures play a vital role in training learning systems. Many researchers proposed non-parametric entropy estimators that have applications in adaptive systems. In this work, a kernel density estimator using Kapur entropy of order α and type β has been proposed and discussed with the help of theorems and properties. From the results, it has been observed that the proposed density measure is consistent, minimum, and smooth for the probability density function (PDF) underlying given conditions and validated with the help of theorems and properties. The objective of the paper is to understand the theoretical viewpoint behind the underlying concept.
Kernel density estimation of Tsalli’s entropy with applications in adaptive system training Chawla, Leena; Kumar, Vijay; Saxena, Arti
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 13, No 2: June 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v13.i2.pp2247-2253

Abstract

Information theoretic learning plays a very important role in adaption learning systems. Many non-parametric entropy estimators have been proposed by the researchers. This work explores kernel density estimation based on Tsallis entropy. Firstly, it has been proved that for linearly independent samples and for equal samples, Tsallis-estimator is consistent for the PDF and minimum respectively. Also, it is investigated that Tsallisestimator is smooth for differentiable, symmetric, and unimodal kernel function. Further, important properties of Tsallis-estimator such as scaling and invariance for both single and joint entropy estimation have been proved. The objective of the work is to understand the mathematics behind the underlying concept.
The Prevalence of Amputation in Regional Asia due to Diabetic Foot Ulcers 2024: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Athena, Aegle; Susanti, Indah; Auron, Afrodita; Atfat Malic, Rohan; Burhan, Asmat; Kumar, Vijay
Java Nursing Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): October
Publisher : Global Indonesia Health Care (GOICARE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61716/jnj.v2i3.64

Abstract

Background: Over the past decade, the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) has notably increased, posing a significant risk of foot amputation in individuals with diabetes. Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the rates of amputation associated with DFUs in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, DOAJ, and Google Scholar. Full-text articles related to diabetic foot ulcer amputation were reviewed and extracted for analysis. Publication Bias: Assessed using a funnel plot in Jamovi (2.0.0), indicating a likelihood of publication bias. Meta-analysis Summary: Conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, yielding a pooled meta-analysis result of 0.027. Odds Ratio (OR): Calculated for amputation risk in DFU patients, with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Random Effects Model: Employed to synthesize relevant outcomes. Heterogeneity: Evaluated using the I² statistic. Forest Plots: Generated to visualize study results. Results: Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, encompassing a total of 7115 DFU patients in the Asian region. Among these patients, 2730 underwent foot amputations. Amputation Rate: The incidence of foot amputation was significantly higher among DFU patients. Pooled Odds Ratio: The OR for foot amputation in DFU patients was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.23-0.46). Publication Bias: The asymmetrical funnel plot suggested a high likelihood of publication bias. Conclusion: The presence of DFUs significantly elevates the risk of foot amputation in diabetic patients. Continuous monitoring and preventive strategies are essential to mitigate this risk, particularly in the Asian population.
Mobile robot localization using visual odometry in indoor environments with TurtleBot4 Singh, Gurpreet; Goyal, Deepam; Kumar, Vijay
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 1: February 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i1.pp760-768

Abstract

Accurate localization is crucial for mobile robots to navigate autonomously in indoor environments. This article presents a novel visual odometry (VO) approach for localizing a TurtleBot4 mobile robot in indoor settings using only an onboard red green blue – depth (RGB-D) camera. Motivated by the challenges posed by slippery floors and the limitations of traditional wheel odometry, an attempt has been made to develop a reliable, accurate, and low-cost localization solution. The present method extracts oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF (ORB) features for feature extraction and matching using brute-force matching with Hamming distance. The essential matrix is then computed using the 5-point algorithm and decomposed to recover the relative rotation and translation between poses. The absolute pose is obtained by chaining the incremental motions estimated from VO. Through experimentation and comparison with wheel odometry, the findings demonstrate the effectiveness of our VO system, achieving a positional accuracy with minimal error of 4-5%. The article also compares VO with wheel odometry and shows the advantages of using a visual approach, especially in environments with slippery floors where wheel slippage causes large odometry errors. Overall, this work presents an effective VO system for reliable, accurate, and low-cost localization of TurtleBot4 in indoor environments without relying on external infrastructure.
Exploring the Informal Economy: Analysis of Unincorporated Enterprises in Jammu & Kashmir, India Jakhar, Babloo; Kumar, Vijay; Sharma, Sachin; Sharma, Swati
Danadyaksa: Post Modern Economy Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Post Modern Economy Journal
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Bustanul Ulum Mojokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69965/danadyaksa.v2i2.115

Abstract

This paper aims to present a descriptive analysis of unincorporated non-agricultural enterprises (excluding construction) in the Jammu & Kashmir region, highlighting the unique dynamics of the informal sector in the area. Specifically, it seeks to address key research questions regarding the drivers of growth in this sector, the extent of its divergence from national trends, and its implications for local economic development. Through the use of unit-level data from the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) for the period 2010-11 and 2015-16, the study provides a descriptive analysis that underscores the rapid growth of such enterprises in Jammu & Kashmir compared to the national level. The findings indicate that unincorporated enterprises in Jammu & Kashmir have grown at a significantly faster rate than the all-India average, driven by factors such as supportive local policies, increased entrepreneurial initiatives, and socio-economic conditions unique to the region. This expansion signifies a trend towards increased self-employment and diversified income sources for the local population. However, the growth of the informal sector in Jammu & Kashmir also reveals that the region's economy is still heavily reliant on this sector, in contrast to the overall contraction of the informal sector across India. This divergence points to a structural transformation gap between the Jammu & Kashmir region and the national economy, which warrants further investigation through policy analysis, sector-specific studies, and socio-economic evaluations to better understand the underlying causes and potential solutions. Understanding this gap is crucial for formulating policies aimed at fostering inclusive and sustainable economic development in the region.
FISCAL REALITIES UNVEILED: ASSESSING JAMMU AND KASHMIR’S ECONOMY POST-ARTICLE 370 ABROGATION Sharma, Sachin; Yadav, Sunil; Kumar, Vijay; Jakhar, Babloo
Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): February - June 2025
Publisher : Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiae.2025.013.01.6

Abstract

Purpose To assess the fiscal transformation of Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) after the abrogation of Article 370 and its reorganization in October 2019, with a focus on changes in resource mobilization and allocation. Design/methodology/approach A comparative analysis of secondary data (2015–16 to 2023–24) examining (a) central transfers as a share of GSDP, (b) own-tax revenue relative to GSDP, and (c) capital expenditure by the former state and through centrally sponsored schemes Findings Post‐2019, central transfers rose from 22% to 28% of GSDP, and own-tax revenue increased from 5% to 9%, indicating better fiscal capacity. Capital spending also rose significantly: state outlays grew from 5% to 11% and CSS spending from 2% to 7% of GSDP. Despite this, under-utilization of grants, particularly in health and education highlights governance and accountability gaps Research limitations/implications The use of secondary data limits understanding of sub-regional disparities and underlying inefficiencies. Future studies could include field surveys and interviews to explore institutional challenges. Originality/value This is one of the first empirical studies on J&K’s fiscal shifts post-reorganization, offering policy-relevant insights for improving transfer mechanisms and institutional capacity to support inclusive development.  
Development of pragmatic skills among 3-4 years old preschooler children in rural region of Gurugram District of Haryana: An Exploratory study Sarin, Meghavi; Kumar, Vijay; Raj, Riya; Mathew, Grace Mariam
Indonesian Journal of Education and Pedagogy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): August
Publisher : CV. Yudhistt Fateeh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61251/ijoep.v2i2.181

Abstract

This study investigates on the pragmatic skills development in preschoolers of rural region. A total of 67 participants were the preschoolers of rural region school. Based on the school records, children of nursery grade level in the age groups of 3 to 4 years were considered. Pragmatic parameters using PPT assessment tools check for speech acts, presuppositions, conversational interactions, and non-verbal signals. The results have shown component wise responses on pragmatic profile test: communication functions, response to communication, interaction and conversations, and contextual variations. Children with in naturalistic contexts learn more accurate representations of their pragmatic abilities. Future research should explore these dynamics of pragmatic development, considering the influence of environment and familiarity on children's social communication skills. Teacher in schools also tries to provides more language advancing input and are usually more supportive to language learning for like preschool children.
Network Meta-Analysis of Wound Dressings and Their Effectiveness in Promoting Healing Burhan, Asmat; Susanti, Indah; Silva, Vanessa A Breu Da; Kumar, Vijay; Kim Chi, Do Thi; Hidayat, Riski; Sebayang, Septian Mixrova; Hamka, Hamka
Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Vol 15, No 2 (2025): (August 2025) [In Progress]
Publisher : Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/nmjn.v15i2.67063

Abstract

Background: Chronic and acute wounds affect millions of individuals worldwide, placing a substantial burden on patients and healthcare systems. Previous evaluations have often focused on limited types of dressings or specific wound conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive network meta-analysis is essential for comparing various interventions, bridging knowledge gaps, improving healing outcomes, and addressing clinical and economic challenges.Purpose: This study assessed the comparative effectiveness and safety of advanced wound dressings in promoting healing.Methods: This network meta-analysis, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023433268), systematically searched PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Springer Nature, Wiley, Cochrane Library, and Taylor & Francis from January 2012 to December 2022. Eight reviewers independently assessed and extracted data from randomized controlled trials evaluating different dressings, including placebo, alginate, collagen, gamat, honey, hyaluronic acid, hydrocolloid, hydrogel, mebo, platelet-rich plasma, povidone-iodine, and silver sulfadiazine. Data were synthesized using a random-effects network meta-analysis with SUCRA rankings. Study quality was evaluated using Cochrane RoB2, and certainty of evidence was assessed through CINeMA.Results: This review included 38 RCTs with a total of 4,049 patients. The largest placebo group comprised 1,628 participants, while the smallest group was mebo with 10 participants. Heterogeneity and consistency analysis showed negligible variation (χ²=1.757, p=0.78). Alginate dressings were the most effective in reducing wound size compared to placebo (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.38–1.08; SUCRA probability 0.73), whereas hyaluronic acid dressings were the least effective (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.06–0.79; SUCRA probability 0.08).Conclusion: Alginate was identified as the most effective primary dressing for wound healing, while hyaluronic acid dressings were the least effective. However, clinical practitioners should carefully weigh the benefits and limitations of each dressing type before selecting the most appropriate treatment for patients.
Co-Authors Atfat Malic, Rohan Athena, Aegle Auron, Afrodita Burhan, Asmat Chawla, Leena Goyal, Deepam Hamka Hamka, Hamka Hidayat, Riski Indah Susanti Jakhar, Babloo Kim Chi, Do Thi Mathew, Grace Mariam Raj, Riya Raju, K D Sarin, Meghavi Saxena, Arti Sebayang, Septian Mixrova Sharma, Sachin Sharma, Swati Silva, Vanessa A Breu Da Singh, Gurpreet Subramanian, S R Yadav, Sunil