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All Journal AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS
Janny D Kusen
Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Sulawesi Utara
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Environmental Science

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Community structure of nudibranchs (Gastropoda) at Coastal Waters of Waleo Village (Mollucas Sea) and Kalasey Village (Manado Bay, Sulawesi Sea) Purba, Aprillawati; Kusen, Janny D; Mamangkey, N Gustaf F
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 1, No 1 (2013): April
Publisher : Graduate Program of Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1964

Abstract

Nudibranchia are mollusks without a shell. They are simultaneous hermaphrodites and are carnivores while some of them are cannibals. Nudibranchia are frequent occupants and foraging on coral reefs. The study was conducted at two locations, namely Waleo Village Waters representing the waters of Mollucas and Sulawesi Sea was represented by Kalasey Village. The difference in the location of the two waters is expected to affect the existence of community structures. The present study includes diversity, richness, evenness, dominance and similarity. A line transect was used to collect data. We found 84 individuals from both study sites representing 8 species of Nudibranchia, which fall into 4 genera and 3 families namely, Pteraeolididae, Phyllidiidae, and Chromodorididae. The most common family was the Phyllidiidae. The similarity value at both locations was 54.5%© Penelitian tentang struktur komunitas gastropoda nudibranchia telah dilakukan di dua lokasi yaitu Desa Waleo (Laut Maluku) dan Desa Kalasey (Laut Sulawesi). Struktur komunitas yang dikaji meliputi studi keanekaragaman, kekayaan, kemerataan, dominansi dan kesamaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah line transect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, dari kedua lokasi, ditemukan 84 individu yang terdiri dari 8 jenis yang masuk dalam 4 genera dan 3 famili (Pteraeolididae, Phyllidiidae, dan Chromodorididae). Famili Phyllidiidae adalah yang paling umum ditemukan. Nilai kesamaan di kedua lokasi adalah 54,5%©
NEMATOSIT DARI TIGA SPESIES KARANG SCLERACTINIA, GENUS POCILLOPORA Paruntu, Carolus; Rifai, Husen; Kusen, Janny D
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (389.305 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.2.2013.4177

Abstract

Nematosit dari tiga spesies karang Scleractinia, yaitu Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi dan Pocillopora verrucosa yang mendiami terumbu karang di kawasan Pantai Malalayang, Manado, Pro­vinsi Sulawesi Utara diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Dari 25 tipe nematosit utama yang dikenal dalam filum Cnidaria, dua tipe di antaranya dijumpai pada ketiga spesies ini. Dua tipe utama nematosit, yaitu holotrichous isorhizas (HI) dan microbasic p-mastigophores (MpM) teramati pada P. eydouxi dan P. woodjonesi, dan hanya satu tipe, yaitu microbasic p-mastigophore (MpM) diamati pada P. verrucosa. Komposisi nematosit pada P. eydouxi serupa dengan P. woodjonesi, tetapi sangat berbeda dari P. verrucosa. Ukuran HI adalah berbeda antara P. eydouxi dan P. woodjonesi, dan juga ukuran MpM berbeda antara P. verrucosa dan P. eydouxi atau P. woodjonesi. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa komposisi dan dimensi nematosit cenderung bervariasi di antara ketiga spesies ini, walaupun berada dalam satu genus.   Perbedaan-perbedaan dalam nematosit ini diusulkan untuk dapat digunakan dalam klasifikasi karang. Kata kunci: Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi, Pocillopora verrucosa, nematosit, holotrichous isorhizas (HI), microbasic p- mastigophore (MpM).   Nematocysts of three Scleractinian corals, i.e., Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi and Pocillopora verrucosa occurring in the reef of the coastal area of Malalayang, Manado, North Sulawesi Province were studied. Of the 25 major types of nematocysts recognized in the phylum of Cnidaria, two types were encountered in these three corals. Two major types of holotrichous isorhizas (HI) and microbasic p-mastigophores (MpM) were observed in P. eydouxi and P. woodjonesi, and only one type of microbasic p-mastigophore (MpM) was observed in P. verrucosa. The nematocyst composition of P. eydouxi was similar to that of P. woodjonesi, but markedly different from that of P. verrucosa. The size of HI was different between P. eydouxi and P. woodjonesi, and also the size of MpM was different between P. verrucosa and P. eydouxi or P. woodjonesi. The present observation showed that nematocyst composition and dimension might be varied among these three corals. It is suggested that the differences in the nematocysts could be used in the classification of corals. Keywords: Pocillopora eydouxi, Pocillopora woodjonesi, Pocillopora verrucosa, nematocysts, holotrichous isorhizas (HI), microbasic p- mastigophore (MpM).
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN TERUMBU KARANG TAMAN NASIONAL BUNAKEN, SULAWESI UTARA Setiawan, Fakhrizal; Kusen, Janny D; Kaligis, Georis JF
JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Vol 9, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (900.22 KB) | DOI: 10.35800/jpkt.9.1.2013.3447

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan di area Taman Nasional Bunaken (TNB) pada 6 lokasi dengan 26 tapak pe­ngamatan. Ke 6 lokasi tersebut adalah Pesisir Selatan TNB, Pesisir Utara TNB, Pulau Bunaken, Pulau Manado Tua, Pulau Mantehage dan Pulau Nain. Penelitian ini mencatat adanya total 368 spesies yang berasal dari 46 famili ikan karang. Pengelompokan berdasarkan kategori ikan karang ikan indikator dijumpai dari famili Chaeto­dontidae sebanyak 30 spesies, ikan mayor grup dari 32 famili sebanyak 238 spesies dan ikan target dari 15 famili sebanyak 100 spesies. Nilai persentase tutupan karang dan kelimpahan ikan menunjukkan Pulau Bunaken paling baik dibandingkan lokasi lainnya. Struktur komunitas, dilihat dari indeks ekologi keanekara­gaman (H’) yang berkategori sedang, kemerataan (E) yang berkategori labil dan dominansi (C) yang berkategori rendah) menunjukkan kondisi komunitas ikan karang masih baik. Perbandingan antar lokasi menunjukkan tingkat kesamaan spesies ikan karang mengelompok di lokasi Pesisir Selatan TN Bunaken berbeda dengan lokasi lainnya. Kata kunci: Taman Nasional Bunaken, terumbu karang, struktur komunitas ikan karang, Sulawesi Utara   This study was conducted in Bunaken National Park (TNB) area on six locations with 26 observation sites. The locations were Southern shore of TNB, Northern shore of TNB, Bunaken island, Manado Tua island, Mantehage island and Nain island. As many as 368 species of 46 families of coral reef fish were recorded in this study. Grouping into categories, those fish were 30 species indicator fish from Chaetodontidae family, 238 major group fish species from 32 families and 100 target fish species from 15 families. The coral co­verage percentage and fish abundance showed that Bunaken Island has the best condition compared to other locations. Based on the characteristics ecological indices such as medium diversity (H'), labile evenness (E) and low dominance, the condition of reef fish communities could be considered is good. Based on the similarity index, the group of fish species in the south shore of TNB was different from other locations. Keywords: Bunaken National Park, coral reef, reef fish community structure, North Sulawesi
Community changes of coral reef fishes in Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Setiawan, Fakhrizal; Kusen, Janny D; Kaligis, Georis JF
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 1, No 2 (2013): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.1.2.2013.7273

Abstract

In order to look at changes in coral and reef fish communities during the period of 2006 to 2013, this research was carried out at Bunaken National Park (BNP) with 26 observation sites. The existing data and information of reef fish communities in the park generally could not be used as representative for describing the whole region. Percentage of coral cover and fish abundance during the study period shows that Bunaken Island is more similar to other locations. Reef fish community structure as seen from ecological index (H' at all sites being categorized, E category labile and low category C) shows the condition of the reef fish community is still good. Changes in the structure of reef fish communities showed declining conditions compared to 2006, and coral cover continued to decrease compared to 1998 and 2007. Good overall reef fish and coral cover have decreased; it is thought to be related to the pressure in BNP. Some of the pressures in the region were (i) increasing numbers of domestic as well as foreign visitors, (ii) increasing number of residents in the region, as well as the burden of waste and trash from the Bay of Manado. Penelitian dilakukan di Taman Nasional Bunaken (Utara dan Selatan)   pada 26 lokasi  pengamatan untuk menganalisis perubahan struktur komunitas ikan karang melalui kajian dari suatu time series data dari beberapa penelitian sebelumnya. Data primer mengenai ikan-ikan karang diperoleh melalui visual sensus bawah air yang bersamaan dengan observasi terumbu karang menggunakan point intercept transect. Nilai persentase tutupan karang dan kelimpahan ikan menunjukkan bahwa pada lokasi pengamatan Pulau Bunaken paling baik dibandingan lokasi lainnya. Struktur komunitas ikan karang yang dianalisis dengan indeks ekologi menunjukkan indeks keanekaragaman (H’) di semua site masuk kategori sedang, indeks kesamaan (E) kategori labil dan indeks Dominansi (C) kategori rendah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi komunitas ikan karang masih baik, sekalipun  perubahan struktur komunitas ikan karang menunjukkan kondisi yang menurun dibandingkan tahun 2006, begitu juga tutupan karang yang terus turun dibandingkan tahun 1998 dan 2007. Secara keseluruhan baik ikan karang maupun tutupan karang mengalami penurunan, hal ini diduga terkait dengan tekanan yang dialami kawasan TN. Bunaken. Salah satu tekanan terhadap kawasan adalah jumlah turis dari dalam maupun luar negeri yang semakin meningkat tiap tahunnya, penambahan jumlah penduduk di dalam kawasan, serta beban limbah dan sampah dari Teluk Manado.
Study Of Hard Coral (Scleractinia) Recruitment In The Molas Waters, Manado City Oli, Aris Putra; Roeroe, Kakaskasen A; Paruntu, Carolus P; Kusen, Janny D; Manembu, Indri S; Mandagi, Stephanus V
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v10i1.37489

Abstract

Coral recruitment is the entry of new coral individuals into coral reef populations due to reproduction or migration. Juvenile coral is the result of metamorphosis and growth of coral planula measuring 5 cm and attached to certain substrates. There are two types of substrates in the waters, stable substrates and unstable substrates such as rubble. The purpose of this study was to study hard coral recruitment, both in terms of density, the composition of juvenile coral colony types, size, and the type of substrate occupied by juvenile corals. This research was conducted in August 2021 in the waters of Molas, Bunaken District, Manado City. The method used for site selection is the purposive sampling method and data collection using a sampling method with quadrant transects. The results showed that the density of coral recruitment at the study site was 8,43 colonies/m2. The percentage of juvenile coral attachment on stable substrates is 90% and 10% on unstable substrates. The average size of juvenile corals at the study site was 2.4cm. The composition of the juvenile coral genus found at the research site were corals of the genus Acropora, Anacropora, Coeloseris, Cycloseris, Cyphastrea, Echinopora, Favites, Fungia, Galaxea, Goniastrea, Isopora, Leptastrea, Leptoseris, Lobophyllia, Merulina, Montastrea, Montipora, Oulophyllia, Pachyseris, Pavona, Platygyra, Plasiastrea, Pocillopora, Porites, Psammocora, Scolymia, Seriatopora, Symphyllia, and Trachyphyllia. Of the entire genus, corals of the genus Porites were dominated by the number of juveniles as many as 36 colonies.Keywords: Molas, coral, recruitment, ScleractiniaAbstrakRekrutmen karang adalah masuknya individu karang baru pada populasi terumbu karang dikarenakan reproduksi ataupun migrasi.  Juvenil karang merupakan bentuk hasil metamorphosis dan pertumbuhan planula karang yang berukuran ≤ 5 cm dan menempel pada substrat tertentu.  Terdapat dua tipe substrat di perairan, substrat yang stabil dan substrat yang tidak stabil seperti pecahan karang (rubble).  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari tentang rekruitmen karang keras, baik dari densitas, komposisi jenis koloni juvenil karang, ukuran, hingga tipe substrat yang ditempati oleh juvenil karang.  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2021 di perairan Molas Kecamatan Bunaken Kota Manado.  Metode yang digunakan untuk pemilihan lokasi adalah metode purposive sampling dan pengumpulan data menggunakan metode sampling dengan transek kuadran.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa densitas rekruitmen karang pada lokasi penelitian sebesar 8,43 koloni/m2.  Persentase penempelan juvenil karang pada substrat stabil sebesar 90% dan pada substrat yang tidak stabil sebesar 10%.  Ukuran rata-rata dari juvenil karang pada lokasi penelitian adalah 2,4cm.  Komposisi genus juvenil karang yang ditemukan pada lokasi penelitian adalah karang genus Acropora, Anacropora, Coeloseris, Cycloseris, Cyphastrea, Echinopora, Favites, Fungia, Galaxea, Goniastrea, Isopora, Leptastrea, Leptoseris, Lobophyllia, Merulina, Montastrea, Montipora, Oulophyllia, Pachyseris, Pavona, Platygyra, Plasiastrea, Pocillopora, Porites, Psammocora, Scolymia, Seriatopora, Symphyllia, dan Trachyphyllia.  Dari keseluruhan genus, didominasi oleh karang genus Porites dengan jumlah juvenil sebanyak 36 koloni.Kata kunci: Molas, karang, rekrutmen, scleractinia
Co-Authors Aprillawati Purba Ari B Rondonuwu, Ari B Carolus Paulus Paruntu Coloay, Clive Griffen Fakhrizal Setiawan Georis JF Kaligis Husen Rifai Indri Manembu Joshian N.W. Schaduw N Gustaf F Mamangkey Oli, Aris Putra Roeroe, Kakaskasen Andreas Stephanus V Mandagi