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All Journal Dusturiah : Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Al-Iqtishadiah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Al-Mudharabah
Muhammad Yusran Hadi
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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MAZHAB FIQH DALAM PANDANGAN SYARIAT ISLAM (Mengkritisi Pendapat Mewajibkan Satu Mazhab) Muhammad Yusran Hadi
Dusturiyah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Vol 7, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/dusturiyah.v7i2.3256

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kedudukan mazhab Fiqh dalam Islam dan hukum bermazhab. Banyak persoalan yang timbul akibat ketidakpahaman persoalan mazhab seperti sikap taqlid, fanatisme mazhab dan pendapat mewajibkan suatu mazhab tertentu. Akibatnya, timbul perpecahan dalam ummat Islam hanya gara-gara berbeda mazhab. Lebih ekstrim lagi, hanya karena berbeda dengan mazhabnya atau doktrin ulamanya, maka al-Quran dan Haditspun ditolak. Istilah “mazhab” tidak dikenal pada masa para sahabat, tabi’in dan tabi’ tabi’in. Mazhab-mazhab muncul setelah masa ketiga generasi awal tersebut yaitu pada abad kedua Hijriah. Masa ini dikenal dengan periode imam-imam mujtahid. Namun, para imam tidak mewajibkan mazhab mereka untuk diikuti. Bahkan mereka memerintahkan para murid dan pengikut mazhabnya untuk mengikuti dalil. Istilah “mazhab” menjadi semakin populer pada pertengahan abad ke empat, karena para ulama pengikut mazhab (muqallidin) mengfokuskan diri dalam mengembangkan dan menyebarkan mazhab imamnya masing-masing. Mereka meninggalkan ijtihad dan bertaqlid kepada imam-imam mazhab empat. Menurut mereka, pintu ijtihad telah tertutup. Maka mereka mewajibkan taqlid kepada imam atau mazhab tertentu dan tidak boleh berbeda darinya. Sejak masa inilah pemikiran dan keilmuan umat Islam mengalami kemunduran. Kondisi ini mendapatkan kritikan tajam dari para ulama besar seperti Imam Addabusi Al-Hanafi, Imam Ibnu Hazm (wafat 456 H), Imam Ibnu Abdi al-Bar (wafat 463 H), al-Hafizh Ibnu al-Jauzi (wafat 597), Imam ‘Izzuddin bin Abdissalam (wafat 660 H), Imam Abu Syamah (wafat 665 H), Imam Nawawi (wafat 676), Syaikhul Islam Ibnu Taimiyyah (wafat 728 H), Imam Ibnu al-Qayyim (wafat 751 H), Imam asy-Syatibi (wafat 790 H), Imam Sayuthi (wafat 911) dan para tokoh ulama lainnya. Mereka mengecam taqlid para ulama dan menyerukan mereka untuk berijtihad. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa mazhab adalah pendapat para ulama mujtahidin yang tidak ma’shum. Mazhab merupakan madrasah dalam belajar syariat. Mazhab bukan syariat yang mutlak kebenarannya dan wajib diikuti. Mengikuti syariat (al-Quran dan as-Sunnah) hukumnya wajib. Adapun mazhab tidak wajib. Taqlid terhadap imam atau mazhab tertentu haram bagi seorang mujtahid. Kewajiban bagi ulama dan penuntut ilmu ittiba’ dalil. Kewajiban orang awam adalah bertanya kepada ulama mazhab siapapun tanpa harus terikat dengan ulama tertentu. Ia tidak wajib mengikuti mazhab tertentu dalam segala persoalan dan secara terus menerus, namun boleh berpindah dari satu mazhab ke mazhab lainnya sesuai dengan dalil.
REVIEW OF ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW ON TRADERS 'INTERNET DATA SELLING PRACTICES IN GAMPONG KOPELMA KECAMATAN SYIAH KUALA BANDA ACEH Suhaimy Syahrul; Muhammad Yusran Hadi; Gamal Achyar
Dusturiyah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/dusturiyah.v10i2.8128

Abstract

This research was conducted based on the form of fraud and the obscurity of business actors, which, if allowed to continue, will further harm consumers. In fact, consumers have not received maximum service, so consumers are always ignored by the behavior of business actors who commit fraud, just because they want to get a profit. The research objective in this thesis is to find out how to review Islamic economic law on the practice of buying and selling internet data package pulses for traders in Gampong Kopelma, Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive analysis method. And data obtained from interviews. The results of this study indicate that in the practice of buying and selling the active period of internet data packages at the Kopelma Village Counter, Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh, buyers come directly to the place. In that place the buyer can choose the data package to be used and purchased. Prices and products also vary, depending on the data package and the amount of quota, as well as the active period for how many months. The products sold include Simpati, XL, Axis, Tri, Indosat, Smartfren and other products. After finding the internet data package that you want to use, the buyer begins the transaction. The law of buying and selling internet data pulses by traders in the Kopelma Darussalam area is legal and is in accordance with the terms and conditions of buying and selling. However, there are some sellers who do not convey the correct information, resulting in losses for the buyer such as the active period or the validity period of the package which is shorter than the time that has been delivered.
PERKONGSIAN USAHA PEMBUATAN REUNCONG DI KALANGAN MASYARAKAT GAMPONG BAET MESJID DAN BAET LAMPEOT DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYIRKAH ABDAN Ade Roza Phonna; , Muhammad Yusran Hadi; Azka Amalia Jihad
Al-Iqtishadiah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Al-iqtishadiah
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (592.799 KB) | DOI: 10.22373/iqtishadiah.v2i1.1377

Abstract

MEKANISME JUAL BELI PADI PASCA PANEN DENGAN AKAD WADI’AH YAD DHAMANAH DI KECAMATAN DARUSSALAM ACEH BESAR MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM Nila Kausari; Muhammad Yusran Hadi; Iskandar
Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Al-Mudharabah : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/al-mudharabah.v4i1.2020

Abstract

Praktik jual beli padi yang menunda penetapan harga ketika transaksi jual beli dilakukan, banyak dipraktikkan oleh sebagian petani di Kecamatan Darussalam Aceh Besar. Pada praktiknya pihak kilang padi memberikan dua tawaran kepada petani, yaitu ditetapkannya harga ketika transaksi berlangsung atau di kemudian hari. Kebanyakan dari petani memilih untuk ditetapkan harga di kemudian hari karena berharap akan naik pada saat itu. Pihak kilang padi langsung mengolah padi yang dititipkan oleh petani walaupun harganya belum ditetapkan. Permasalahan pada penelitian ini yaitu implementasi akad Wadi’ah yad Dhamanah pada penetapan harga terhadap jual beli padi pasca panen yang dipraktikkan oleh sebagian petani di Kecamatan Darussalam Aceh Besar dan juga perspektif hukum Islam terhadap penetapan harga yang ditetapkan oleh pihak kilang padi pada pembelian padi dari petani yang dititipkan ke kilang. Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis, yaitu data yang diteliti tentang penetapan harga yang dilakukan oleh pihak kilang di Kecamatan Darussalam dan keadaan objek penelitian. Kemudian hasil dari data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian lapangan (field research) dan pengumpulan data melalui proses wawancara. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, praktik jual beli padi yang menunda penetapan harga ketika transaksi dilakukan tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam, karena mengandung unsur gharar. Praktik jual beli ini dilarang karena akan mendhalimi salah satu pihak. Baik itu dari pihak petani atau pihak kilang padi. Sebaiknya petani dan pihak kilang padi tidak melakukan lagi praktik jual beli yang tidak menetapkan harga ketika transaksi dilakukan. Agar esensi dari jual beli yang bertujuan untuk saling tolong menolong antara sesama manusia dapat terwujud. Sehingga tidak menimbulkan kemudharatan dan lainnya.
PERKONGSIAN USAHA PEMBUATAN REUNCONG DI KALANGAN MASYARAKAT GAMPONG BAET MESJID DAN BAET LAMPEOT DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYIRKAH ABDAN Roza Phonna, Ade; Yusran Hadi, , Muhammad; Jihad, Azka Amalia
Al-Iqtishadiah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Al-Iqtishadiah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/iqtishadiah.v2i1.1377

Abstract

MEKANISME JUAL BELI PADI PASCA PANEN DENGAN AKAD WADI’AH YAD DHAMANAH DI KECAMATAN DARUSSALAM ACEH BESAR MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM : Studi Implementasi Akad Wadi’ah Yad Dhamanah pada Penetapan Harga Jual di Kilang Padi Nila Kausari; Muhammad Yusran Hadi; Iskandar
Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Al-Mudharabah : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/al-mudharabah.v4i1.2020

Abstract

Praktik jual beli padi yang menunda penetapan harga ketika transaksi jual beli dilakukan, banyak dipraktikkan oleh sebagian petani di Kecamatan Darussalam Aceh Besar. Pada praktiknya pihak kilang padi memberikan dua tawaran kepada petani, yaitu ditetapkannya harga ketika transaksi berlangsung atau di kemudian hari. Kebanyakan dari petani memilih untuk ditetapkan harga di kemudian hari karena berharap akan naik pada saat itu. Pihak kilang padi langsung mengolah padi yang dititipkan oleh petani walaupun harganya belum ditetapkan. Permasalahan pada penelitian ini yaitu implementasi akad Wadi’ah yad Dhamanah pada penetapan harga terhadap jual beli padi pasca panen yang dipraktikkan oleh sebagian petani di Kecamatan Darussalam Aceh Besar dan juga perspektif hukum Islam terhadap penetapan harga yang ditetapkan oleh pihak kilang padi pada pembelian padi dari petani yang dititipkan ke kilang. Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis, yaitu data yang diteliti tentang penetapan harga yang dilakukan oleh pihak kilang di Kecamatan Darussalam dan keadaan objek penelitian. Kemudian hasil dari data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian lapangan (field research) dan pengumpulan data melalui proses wawancara. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, praktik jual beli padi yang menunda penetapan harga ketika transaksi dilakukan tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam, karena mengandung unsur gharar. Praktik jual beli ini dilarang karena akan mendhalimi salah satu pihak. Baik itu dari pihak petani atau pihak kilang padi. Sebaiknya petani dan pihak kilang padi tidak melakukan lagi praktik jual beli yang tidak menetapkan harga ketika transaksi dilakukan. Agar esensi dari jual beli yang bertujuan untuk saling tolong menolong antara sesama manusia dapat terwujud. Sehingga tidak menimbulkan kemudharatan dan lainnya.
ISLAMIC LAW IMPLEMENTATION IN ACEH AND CHALLENGES IN THE ERA OF LIBERAL ECONOMICS AND POLITICS Azahar Kasim; Yusran Hadi, Muhammad
Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/al-mudharabah.v5i1.5622

Abstract

Since its declaration on 1 Muharram 1423 H or coinciding with 15 March 2002, Islamic law in Aceh has been under the spotlight. Islamic Sharia, which was revealed by Allah Swt, should be understood as a perfect rule and become rahmatan lil'alamin, instead it gets opposition from some Muslims who are secular and anti-sharia. Some Muslims today, especially leaders and intellectuals in Aceh who claim to be critical but do not have adequate knowledge about Islamic law, dare to reject God's law (sharia). Various negative issues and shubhat are put forward. Among other things, Islamic sharia in Aceh is not in accordance with human nature. In addition, the implementation of sharia in Aceh is said to have been hasty, without careful thought and preparation. This paper attempts to refute these allegations. Whether we realise it or not, negative accusations against the implementation of Islamic sharia in Aceh not only destroy Islamic sharia itself, but also go against the law of God (Allah Swt) and human nature. The accusation that Islamic law in Aceh is incompatible with human nature is a fallacy. Islamic Sharia in Aceh, wherever and whenever, is in accordance with human nature. With Islamic law, human beings discover their nature as servants of Allah and caliphs on earth. Therefore, Islamic law was revealed to guide and protect this human nature so that it does not deviate and is not tyrannised. In addition, this paper also refutes the accusation that Islamic sharia in Aceh was implemented in a hurry. In fact, Islamic sharia in Aceh has been implemented since ancient times, the time of the kingdom of Aceh. However, the implementation of sharia at this time was carried out in stages. That is why, in the beginning, its scope was only limited to certain areas. For example, in criminal law only applies to jarimah khamar, gambling and khalwat / adultery with ta'zir punishment. The next stage is the application of hudud punishment in the case of jarimah hudud. This is the concept of tadarruj that characterises Islamic law itself.
IMPLEMENTATION OF KHIYAR RU'YAH IN HOME INTERIOR ORDER TRANSACTIONS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH MUAMALAH Muhammad Yusran Hadi; Fazrul Azis
Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/al-mudharabah.v5i2.6809

Abstract

The pre-order transaction for the interior of the house is generally agreed upon at the beginning of the contract, while the payment is made by making a panjar and repayment after the product is installed in the consumer's home. Of course, consumers always want the interior products made to be of high quality and special in accordance with the desired shape and size, but sometimes the results of the ordered goods do not match expectations and contracts. This research was conducted to answer the question, how is the application of khiyar ru'yah in ordering interior products and how is the perspective of bai' istishna' on the application of khiyar ru'yah. This research uses descriptive analysis method with primary data sources obtained from field research and secondary data from literature research. The results of this study indicate that the agreement made by the owner and his customers in Kuta Raja is partly in writing and partly orally, and the application of khiyar ru'yah rights in interior order transactions, the seller gives the buyer the opportunity before making a payment to first check the interior product that has been completed, if an error is found the interior gives responsibility in the form of repairing the product or providing compensation whose amount is not agreed upon at the beginning, if the product cannot or is difficult to repair. It is concluded that the practice of khiyar ru'yah has been applied, but based on the perspective of bai' istishna' the application of khiyar ru'yah is not perfect, because the customer may not cancel the order if the ordered goods do not match the agreed form.
THE APPLICATION OF HYBRID CONTRACT SYSTEM IN GALA BANK FINANCING ACCORDING TO FIQH MUAMALAH: A STUDY ON KSPPS BAITUL QIRADH ABDYA, INDONESIA Yusran Hadi, Muhammad; Utari Silvia Roja
Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Al-Mudharabah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/al-mudharabah.v6i1.7659

Abstract

Bank Gala is a product of KSPPS Baitul Qiradh Gala in Abdya district of Aceh, which supports local farmers by offering profit-sharing loans through two contract financing systems. This study addresses the legality of the two-contract system implementation in the financing scheme. The study uses a qualitative method, with primary and secondary data from interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that, first, provisions and practices for implementing the two-contract system in sharia financing at KSPPS Baitul Qiradh Gala Muamalah are based on the company's provisions and the fatwa. Second, the Acehnese Ulama argue that the two-contract system's application to sharia financial institutions is the same as the Indonesian ulama's opinion: the system is permissible as long as the two contracts complement or perfect each other, which is Islamic. Third, the Islamic economic law perspective on implementing the two contracts for Bank Gala financing at KSPPS is based on its provisions, with the benefit of combining the two contracts, there is a principle of risk sharing between the customer and the cooperative, mutual help, and investment can benefit both parties by sharing profits and other benefits.
Co-Authors Ade Roza Phonna Azahar Kasim Azka Amalia Jihad Fazrul Azis Gamal Achyar ISKANDAR Iskandar Iskandar Nila Kausari Nila Kausari Roza Phonna, Ade Suhaimy Syahrul Utari Silvia Roja