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Analisis Faktor Penentu Adopsi Benih Unggul Karet Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Listyati, Dewi; Hasibuan, Abdul Muis
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Adopsi benih unggul karet untuk perluasan dan peremajaan tanaman pada perkebunan rakyat masih sangat rendah. Padahal benih unggul menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam peningkatan produktivitas dan kualitas produk, serta dalam efisiensi produksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi benih unggul karet, khususnya pada perkebunan rakyat dalam rangka mendukung kebijakan pengembangan karet nasional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Sarolangko, Jambi pada Januari-Desember 2012. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan model persamaan struktural/Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adopsi benih unggul karet dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh harapan petani (Product Performance Expectancy/PPE), Social and Technical Influence (STI), dan harga benih unggul karet. Untuk meningkatkan adopsi benih unggul oleh petani karet, diperlukan pengembangan atribut-atribut benih unggul, terutama umur panen dan kualitas benih. Percepatan proses adopsi benih unggul karet juga dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan diseminasi teknologi, penyebaran buku-buku panduan, petunjuk teknis, petunjuk pelaksanaan, leaflet dan poster, serta teknik advokasi melalui kelompok tani.Kata Kunci: Karet, benih unggul, adopsi, SEMThe adoption of rubber superior seeds by farmers for replanting and new planting is still very low. Whereas, the superior seeds to be one important factor in increasing the productivity and quality of products, as well as in production efficiency. The objective of study was to determine factors affecting the adoption of rubber superior seeds, especially to support national policy in developing of smallholder rubber development. The study was conducted in Sarolangko District, Jambi on January-December 2012. The primary and secondary data was used in this study, and then analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that the adoption of rubber superior seeds was directly affected by expectations farmers (Product Performance Expectancy/PPE), Social and Technical Influence/STI, and price of rubber superior seeds. To increase the adoption of rubber superior seeds it need the development of their attributes, especially in harvest old and quality of seeds. Also, to accelerate the adoption of rubber superior seeds can be done by the extentions in using of rubber superior seeds, and by dissemination of technologies through the handbooks, guidelines/technical manual/leaflet/poster/brochure, as well as the advocacy technic through the farmer groups.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Adopsi Benih Unggul Kopi di Lampung Listyati, Dewi; Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Hasibuan, Abdul Muis
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Pengembangan kopi (Coffea sp.) di Indonesia sebagian besar merupakan perkebunan rakyat. Produktivitasnya masih rendah karena umumnya tidak menggunakan benih unggul, sedangkan benih unggul memiliki peranan penting dalam mencapai keberhasilan usahatani kopi. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pertimbangan petani dalam mengadopsi benih unggul kopi. Penelitian dilakukan secara survey di Provinsi Lampung pada bulan September-Oktober 2012. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif serta menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa adopsi benih unggul kopi oleh petani dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh persepsi petani terhadap benih dan ketersediaan benih unggul. Kedua variabel ini memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap adopsi benih unggul kopi. Beberapa indikator yang merefleksikan persepsi petani terhadap benih unggul kopi, yaitu produktivitas, ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit, umur panen, umur produktif, efisiensi penggunaan pupuk, kemudahan dalam pemeliharaan, dan kualitas benih. Sedangkan faktor eksternal dan karakteristik petani memberikan pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap adopsi teknologi melalui persepsi terhadap benih dan ketersediaan benih.Kata Kunci: Coffea sp., adopsi, benih unggul, persepsiCoffee (Coffea sp.) development in Indonesia are mostly in smallholders plantation. Their productivity are still low due to generally not using the superior seeds, while superior seeds have an important role in achieving the success of coffee farming. The objective of this research was to determine the factors that affected farmers to adopt coffee superior seeds. This research was conducted in survey methods in Lampung Province from September to October 2012. Data were analyzed using descriptive and Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results showed that the adoption of superior seeds by farmers were affected directly by perception on seeds and availability of superior seeds. Both of these variables have a positive effect to increase adoption. Several indicators that reflect the farmers percepetion on coffee superior seeds were productivity, resistance to pests and diseases, harvesting age, productive age, fertilizer use efficiency, ease of cultivation, and seeds quality. The external factor and farmer characteristics are affect indirectly on adoption through perception and availability of seeds.
KEKERABATAN PLASMA NUTFAH JAMBU METE BERDASARKAN MARKA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA Randriani, Enny; Listyati, Dewi; ., Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Genetic Relationship of Cashew Germplasm Based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. Cashew production in Indonesia stilllow (300-463 kg/ha/year) caused by genetic materials used for the cultivation were not superior variety, therefore, some effort to find superiorvariety with high production must be improved. To support those efforts needs wide variation of plant genetic resources. Nowd ays, characteristic dataof cashew germplasm in BALITTRI based on morphological characters, so needed molecular approach to get genetic characteristic s, geneticrelationship and specific characters such as high production marker, one of some techniques that we can use is RAPD marker. Additionally, RAPDmarker is simple, efficient and accurate. The purpose of this study was to know the genetic variation and relationship among cashew germplasm basedon band pattern of DNA by using RAPD technique. The experiment was conducted at Molecular Biology Laboratory of BB-Biogen, Bogor since Maytill November 2009. Genetic material used were MR 851, PK 36, GG1, Laode Kase, Laode Kapala, JT 27, Arsyad Labone, Wonogiri Merah, A x S,F x M, SM 9, C x M, F x A and BO2 by using 25 primers. The activity consisting germplasm collecting of cashew (14 accessions), followed laboratoryactivities such as: DNA extraction and purification, loading and running of PCR product, RAPD and data analysis. Results shows that 25 primersused are 16 primers shown DNA band pattern, one of them was monomorphism and one specific primer which shown DNA band pattern of cashew,i.e: BO2, SM9 and JT27. Germplasm collection of cashew has wide variation. At 70% coefficient, 14 accessions of cashew were divided to threegroups where first group were content 11 individual (MR 851, PK 36, Laode Kase, GG1, Laode Kapala, A x S, F x A, C x M, Arsyad Labone,Wonogiri Merah, and F x M), while second group were content two individuals (BO2 and SM9). Moreover, in first group itself sh own wide variationamong 11 accessions.
Analisis Pendapatan Petani Karet pada Sistem Peremajaan Bertahap Listyati, Dewi; Ferry, Yulius
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

peremajaan di perkebunan rakyat adalah terbatasnya modal petani dan kekhawatiran petani kehilangan pendapatan selama peremajaan. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan sistem peremajaan yang lebih murah dan efisien, serta menjamin kesinambungan pendapatan petani. Penelitian dilaksanakan Januari 2012 – Juni 2014 di Kecamatan Way Tuba, Kabupaten Way Kanan, Lampung. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan 8 sistem peremajaan, yaitu (1) 30%-30%-40% + jagung, (2) 30%-30%-40% + kacang tanah, (3) 50%-50% + jagung, (4) 50%-50% + kacang tanah, (5) 70%-30% + jagung, (6) 70%-30% + kacang tanah, (7) 100% + jagung, (8) 100% + kacang tanah. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi penerimaan dari hasil penjualan lump tanaman karet tua, penjualan kayu tanaman karet yang ditebang, penjualan produksi tanaman sela selama dua kali musim tanam/tahun, biaya usaha tani dan pendapatan petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model peremajaan tebang 100% memberikan pendapatan yang terbesar pada umur karet TBM, namun memerlukan biaya tunai yang juga lebih besar. Jumlah pendapatan atas biaya tunai selama 3 tahun dari model peremajaan 100% antara Rp46.412.000,00 (R/C=3,83)–Rp55.080.000,00 (R/C=3,83). Berdasarkan nilai R/C yang diperoleh maka alternatif model peremajaan dipilih model peremajaan 70%-30% atau 50%-50%. Jumlah pendapatan biaya tunai yang diperoleh dari model peremajaan 70%-30% sebesar Rp45.035.000,00 (R/C=4,88)–Rp52.144.000,00 (R/C=4,87), sedangkan model peremajaan 50%-50%, sebesar Rp44.213.000,00 (R/C=5,07)–Rp50.944.000,00 (R/C=4,90). Pada peremajaan karet rakyat, peran tenaga kerja dalam keluarga sangat penting, selain mempercepat pekerjaan juga lebih hemat.Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, peremajaan, tebang bertahap, pendapatan petaniRejuvenation is one of the efforts to increase the productivity of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) that already old and damaged. The obstacle encountered during rejuvenation in smallholder rubber plantations is limited costs and losing of revenue. The objective of this study was to obtain the rejuvenation system which is cheaper and more efficient, as well as to ensure the continuity of farmers’ income. This research was carried out in Way Tuba District, Way Kanan Regency, Lampung from January 2012 – June 2014. The study was designed using eight rejuvenation systems, namely: (1) 30%-30%-40% + corn, (2) 30%-30%-40% + peanut, (3) 50%-50% + corn, (4) 50%-50% + peanut, (5) 70%-30% + corn, (6) 70%-30% + peanut, (7) 100% + corn, and 8) 100% + peanut. The collected data including revenue from lump of old rubber plant, revenue from timber, revenue from intercrops (two times during growing season/year), farming cost and farmers’ income. The results showed that the rejuvenation model at 100% of logging provide the highest revenue at immature rubber plantation, but require high cash costs. Total revenue for the cash costs for 3 years obtained from 100% rejuvenation model is IDR46,412,000.00–(R/C=3.83)–IDR55,080,000.00 (R/C=3.83). However, based on the R/C value, an alternative model of rejuvenation that can be selected are 70%-30% or 50%-50%. Total revenue at cash cost obtained from the rejuvenation model of 70%-30% is IDR45,035,000.00 (R/C=4.88)–IDR52,144,000.00 (R/C=4.87). Meanwhile, rejuvenation model of 50%-50% gives cash cost revenue of IDR44,213,000.00 (R/C=5.07)–IDR50,944,000.00 (R/C=4.90). The role of family member as a labour in the rejuvenation system is important to speed up the work, which would be more efficient.
Analisis Persepsi dan Sikap Petani terhadap Atribut Benih Kopi di Provinsi Lampung Hasibuan, Abdul Muis; Listyati, Dewi; Sudjarmoko, Bedy
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 3 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Adopsi benih kopi oleh petani sangat tergantung kepada penilaian petani terhadap beberapa faktor yang tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui persepsi dan sikap petani terhadap atribut-atribut benih kopi (benih unggul dan lokal). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Provinsi Lampung pada bulan September sampai November 2012 dengan melakukan survei terhadap 62 orang responden. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan multiatribut Fishbein. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa petani menganggap bahwa atribut ketahanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit merupakan atribut paling penting dalam adopsi benih kopi, kemudian diikuti oleh produktivitas. Atribut yang dianggap paling tidak penting adalah daya tumbuh benih. Sikap petani terhadap benih unggul kopi lebih tinggi dibandingkan benih lokal. Hal tersebut mendorong petani untuk lebih memilih menggunakan benih unggul dibandingkan benih lokal. Hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa 63,38% responden sudah menggunakan benih unggul.Kata Kunci: Kopi, benih unggul, lokal, persepsi, sikap, atributThe adoption of coffee seeds by farmer strongly infulenced by their assessment on the availability of several factors. The objective of this study was to determine the perceptions and attitudes of farmers on the attributes of coffee seeds (superior and local seeds). The research was conducted in Lampung Province in September to November 2012 with a survey of 62 respondents. Data were analyzed by Fishbein multi-attribute analysis. The results showed that the resistance to pests and diseases was the most important attributes, followed by productivity. Meanwhile seed viability attributes was the least important. The attitude of farmers towards superior seeds more higher than the local seed. It encourages farmers to prefer the superior seed compared to local seeds, and results of the survey showed that 63.38% of respondents already use the superior seed.
Co-Authors Abdul Muis Hasibuan Agus Wahyudi Bedy Sudjarmoko Enny Randriani Rudi T Setiyono Saefudin Saefudin Syafaruddin . Yulius Ferry