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All Journal V-MAC (Virtual of Mechanical Engineering Article) Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology
Henry Widya Prasetya
Politeknik Perkeretaapian Indonesia Madiun
Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Root Cause and Risk-Based Analysis of Excessive Smoke Emissions from CC206 Diesel Locomotives: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study Dadang Sanjaya Atmaja; Henry Widya Prasetya; Putra Tata Insan Nur Razzaq; Abdallah A. A. Lhwaint; Azaz Ramang Pambudi
Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): November
Publisher : Politeknik Perkeretaapian Indonesia Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37367/jrtt.v5i2.105

Abstract

Excessive smoke from diesel locomotives signals incomplete combustion and degrades engine performance and air quality. This exploratory mixed-methods study examined factors associated with smoke level in CC206 locomotives running B40 biodiesel at a depot in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, using records from January to June 2026, and ranked maintenance risks. Twenty-four fault-history records from 21 locomotives (injector age, fuel pressure, combustion chamber temperature, visually rated smoke level) were analyzed with ordinal logistic regression and separation-robust sensitivity analyses; technician interviews were analyzed with content analysis, root cause analysis (RCA), and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). Combustion chamber temperature was associated with smoke level (B = 0.069, p = .022), but every level-9 record exceeded 740 °C and every other record was at or below 640 °C, so the estimate is unstable and implies neither a gradient nor causation. Injector age and fuel pressure showed no detectable association. FMEA ranked injector damage (RPN = 360), non-optimal maintenance scheduling (280), and clogged fuel filters (210) highest. The findings are hypothesis-generating and require verification with larger, instrumented data that include normally operating locomotives.
Co-Authors Abdallah A. A. Lhwaint Affan Nur Roja Jendra Prakoso Akbar Zulkarnain Azaz Ramang Pambudi Dadang Sanjaya Atmaja Damar Isti Pratiwi Destika Riski Putrihastiaji Diki Wahyu Arobi Dimas Adi Perwira Firmansyah Fariz Prasaja I Made Agus Putrawan Ilham Satrio Utomo Izza Anwer Moch Aziz Kurniawan Mohamad Imron Mustajib Muh. Adib Kurniawan Putra Tata Insan Nur Razzaq Rochmat Septian Hermawan Yusuf Adhisuryo