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THE EFFECT OF ANALGESICS COMBINATION OF PARACETAMOL AND CODEINE ADMINISTRATION TO SERUM UREA IN MALE WISTAR RATS Akhiar Mar'i; Taufik Eko Nugroho; Erwin Kresnoadi; Parish Budiono
DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL (JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO) Vol 9, No 4 (2020): DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL ( Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro )
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Background: A combination of the analgesic drug Paracetamol and Codeine can be used in moderate to severe pain management. Both are classified into two different groups of analgesics, thus they have a different mechanism of action. The combination of Paracetamol and Codeine provides better potential and work synergistically in pain management. This combination of analgesic drugs also has no potential side effects on the kidneys. Objective: To determine the combination of paracetamol and codeine analgesics on serum urea levels in male Wistar rats. Method: This study is an experimental study with a Post Test Only Control Group Design. Samples were 20 Wistar rats with certain criteria, randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, 32 mg/kgBW paracetamol group, 1,9 mg/kgBW codeine group, and 32 mg/kgBW paracetamol combination group and codeine 1,9 mg/kgBW. Giving is done orally with gastric sonde 4 times a day for 28 days. Day 29, blood is drawn through retroorbital vessels to measure serum urea levels. Statistical tests using the ANOVA and Post-Hoc tests. Results: The results obtained by the control group (32.1880), treatment group 1 (32.4240), treatment group 2 (32.3000), and treatment group 3 (31.1560). The One Way ANOVA statistical test results showed that the value of p = 0.970 (p> 0.05) which means there are no significant differences in serum urea levels between the four groups. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the increase in the urea level between the combination of paracetamol and codeine compared to the control group.

THE EFFECT OF PARACETAMOL AND CODEINE ANALGESIC COMBINATION ON SERUM GLUTAMIC OXALOACETATE TRANSAMINASE LEVELS IN MALE WISTAR RATS Rona Ayu Hanifah; Farah Hendara Ningrum; Erwin Kresnoadi; Satrio Adi Wicaksono
DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL (JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO) Vol 9, No 2 (2020): DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL ( Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro )
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Introduction : Paracetamol is an effective analgesic to relieve mild to moderate pain when it is used in therapeutic doses. Codeine is an opioid analgesic to relieve moderate to severe pain. Both are metabolized in the liver and have different mechanisms in the treatment of pain. The use of paracetamol and codeine as monotherapy has been extensive, but research on the effectiveness of these drugs in combination is still limited, especially about its effect in liver damage. This study was to investigate the effect of paracetamol and codeine analgesic combination Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetate Transaminase levels in male Wistar rats. Method : This was an experimental study using Post-Test Only Control Group Design. The samples were 24 male wistar rats randomized into 4 groups; group I (control group, without treatment), group II receiving paracetamol 32 mg/kgBB, group III receiving codeine 1,9 mg/kgBB, and group IV receiving combination of paracetamol 32 mg/kgBB and codeine 1,9 mg/kgBB. Drugs were administered through oral gastric instillation 4 times a day for 28 days. Blood samples were collected at the 29th day through retroorbital vessel to measure the SGOT levels. The data was analysed using One-Way ANOVA test and Post-Hoc test. Results : The results of this research were obtained from statistical tests where there was no significant increase of the levels of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetate Transaminase of Wistar rats which received a combination of paracetamol and codeine in the control group (p = 0.005). While in the other group there was not significant differences of the levels of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetate Transaminase. Conclusion : There is no significant difference of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetate Transaminase levels between the administration of paracetamol and codeine combination compared to the control group.Keywords : Paracetamol, codeine, paracetamol and codeine combination, SGOT levels, pain

Correlation between Prostate-Specific-Antigen (PSA) Level and Prostate Volume in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia at Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram Daniel M Krisna; Akhada Maulana; Erwin Kresnoadi
Journal of Medicine and Health Vol. 1 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Maranatha

Prostate enlargement is the most quality of life-impacted problem in elderly. Proper diagnoses and prostate volume prediction are important in considering the best treatment. PSA is a glycoprotein specifically secreted by prostate glands and influenced by various condition, such as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). The aim of this study is to identify the correlation between PSA serum level and prostate mass volume. This was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design that conducted at Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram on April 2015. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and multiple regression logistic, to determine the relationship between PSA serum levels and prostate mass volume. The average PSA level was 34,62 ng/mL (1,82-30,70 ng/mL), and the average prostate mass volume were 72,57cc. There was correlation between PSA serum levels with prostate mass volume ( r = 0,384, p = 0,815). Conclusion, there is a relationship between PSA levels with prostate volume in BPH patients in Bhayangkara Mataram hospital.Keywords: Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram, BPH, prostate volume, PSA

FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN RAWAT INAP PADA PASIEN PEMBESARAN PROSTAT JINAK DI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA MATARAM Daniel Mahendra Krisna; Akhada Maulana; Erwin Kresnoadi
Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana Vol 1, No 2 (2016): BERKALA ILMIAH KEDOKTERAN DUTA WACANA
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana

Latar Belakang: Pembesaran prostat jinak atau Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) merupakan kasus dengan insidensi yang tinggi terutama pada usia diatas 50 tahun di Indonesia. BPH menjadi penyakit yang menyebabkan rasa ketidaknyamanan dan menimbulkan keluhan yang sangat mengganggu kualitas hidup pasien. Berbagai pilihan terapi tersedia baik herbal, medikamentosa, maupun terapi operatif. Standar baku untuk BPH adalah terapi operatif yang membutuhkan rawat inap di rumah sakit. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan lama rawat inap dan komplikasi sehingga dapat menekan biaya pasien. Metode: Delapan puluh sembilan pasien BPH dengan operasi TURP di RS Bhayangkara Mataram sejak bulan Januari 2010 - Desember 2014 diteliti berdasarkan usia, lama rawat inap, waktu tunggu operasi (WTO), lama rawat paska operasi, dan keadaan kateter ketika keluar rumah sakit melalui rekam medis. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Analisis statistik dengan koefisien korelasi (r) Pearson dan Spearman rho. Hasil: Dari 89 pasien kelompok usia terbanyak pada rentang 61-70 tahun (43.8%) dengan usia rata-rata 65, 75, usia termuda adalah 46 tahun dan usia tertua adalah 89 tahun. Memiliki lama rawat inap 5.53. Paling banyak 5 hari sebanyak 34 orang (38,2%). Rata-rata memiliki WTO 1,80 hari dan paling banyak memiliki lama rawat inap selama 1 hari sebanyak 51 orang (57,3%), serta rata-rata memiliki lama rawat inap paska operasi 3,72 hari. Tidak ada korelasi antara lama rawat inap dengan usia pasien (sig > 0,05; r = 0,121), komplikasi paska operasi pasien (sig > 0,05; r = 0,037) dan dengan keadaan kateter ketika keluar rumah sakit (sig < 0,05; r = -0,335**). Terdapat korelasi kuat yang signifikan antara lama rawat inap dengan WTO (sig < 0,05 ; r = 0,727**). Kesimpulan: Adanya berhubungan penyakit yang menyertai adalah penyebab pemanjangan WTO. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara lama rawat inap dengan dengan usia dan komplikasi paska operasi pasien, dan didapatkan korelasi kuat yang signifikan antara lama rawat inap dengan WTO. Lama rawat inap diatas rata-rata disebabkan oleh masalah pre-operasi.

Correlation between Prostate-Specific-Antigen (PSA) Level and Prostate Volume in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia at Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram Daniel M Krisna; Akhada Maulana; Erwin Kresnoadi
Journal of Medicine and Health Vol 1 No 6 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Maranatha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28932/jmh.v1i6.549

Prostate enlargement is the most quality of life-impacted problem in elderly. Proper diagnoses and prostate volume prediction are important in considering the best treatment. PSA is a glycoprotein specifically secreted by prostate glands and influenced by various condition, such as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). The aim of this study is to identify the correlation between PSA serum level and prostate mass volume. This was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design that conducted at Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram on April 2015. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and multiple regression logistic, to determine the relationship between PSA serum levels and prostate mass volume. The average PSA level was 34,62 ng/mL (1,82-30,70 ng/mL), and the average prostate mass volume were 72,57cc. There was correlation between PSA serum levels with prostate mass volume ( r = 0,384, p = 0,815). Conclusion, there is a relationship between PSA levels with prostate volume in BPH patients in Bhayangkara Mataram hospital.Keywords: Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram, BPH, prostate volume, PSA

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