Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

KESESUAIAN TERMOMETER INFRAMERAH DENGAN TERMOMETER DIGITAL TERHADAP PENGUKURAN SUHU AKSILA PADA USIA DEWASA MUDA Faiz Muhammad Al As'ady; Albertus Ari Adrianto; Edwin Basyar
DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL (JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO) Vol 7, No 2 (2018): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Latar Belakang: Termometer Digital yang sudah banyak digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama untuk mengetahui hasil pengukurannya. Sedangkan termometer inframerah dengan metode pengukuran yang baru dan waktu pengukuran yang cepat menjadikan termometer inframerah sebagai pilihan alternative yang digunakan untuk mengukur suhu aksila.Tujuan: Membuktikan adanya kesesuaian termometer inframerah dengan termometer digital dalam melakukan pengukuran suhu aksila pada usia dewasa muda.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational analitik menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 32 mahasiswa berusia 18-22 tahun. Dilakukan pengukuran sebanyak 3 kali pada setiap termometer, diambil nilai rata-rata hasil pengukuran kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan uji Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for Absolute Agreement.Hasil: Nilai rata-rata suhu aksila pada termometer inframerah 37,09 oC, sedangkan suhu rata-rata dengan termometer digital adalah 36,02 oC. Dengan uji ICC didapatkan nilai kesesuaian kurang dari sedang yaitu ICC = 0,296 (0,21-0,40).Kesimpulan: Termometer inframerah dengan termometer digital tidak memiliki kesesuaian dalam melakukan pengukuran suhu aksila pada usia dewasa muda, sehingga kedua alat tersebut tidak dapat saling menggantikan dalam melakukan pengukuran suhu aksila.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN KANKER KOLOREKTAL STADIUM III DI RSUP DR KARIADI SEMARANG Kevin Putra Pratama; Albertus Ari Adrianto
DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL (JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO) Vol 8, No 2 (2019): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Latar Belakang: Kanker kolorektal (KKR) adalah keganasan yang berasal dari jaringan usus besar, terdiri dari kolon dan/atau rektum. Di Indonesia KKR merupakan keganasan yang sering terjadi baik pada pria dan wanita setelah kanker prostat dan kanker payudara dengan persentase 11,5% dari jumlah. Kekambuhan lokal setelah terapi dilaporkan mencapai 3-32% penderita. Beberapa faktor seperti letak tumor, penetrasi dinding usus, keterlibatan kelenjar limfa, perforasi rektum pada saat diseksi dan diferensiasi tumor diduga sebagai faktor yang mempengaruhi rekurensi lokal. Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian rekurensi KKR stadium III di RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik. Data diambil dari catatan medik di RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang (n=60). Uji hipotesis dilakukan menggunakan uji chi square. Apabila tidak memenuhi syarat uji Chi square maka dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan uji Fisher. Hasil: Pada tahun 2012-2017, didapatkan 60 subjek yang memeuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian. Hasil analisis bivariat dari usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi tumor, pemeriksaan histopatologi, kemoterapi dan transfusi darah memiliki hasil tidak bermakna. Sedangkan stadium tumor primer, perbesaran kelenjar getah bening, dan serum Carcinoembrionic Antiagent (CEA) memiliki hasil bermakna. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik, stadium tumor primer memiliki hasil signifikan. Kesimpulan: Faktor yang mempengaruhi kekambuhan kanker kolorektal adalah stadium tumor primer berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik.Kata kunci: Kanker kolorektal, faktor risiko rekurensi

TIROIDEKTOMI MENINGKATKAN IMT ( INDEKS MASSA TUBUH ) PADA PASIEN HIPERTIROID DI RSUP DR. KARIADI SEMARANG Reyhan Zuhdi Gofita Widyawigata; Yan Wisnu Prajoko; Endang Mahati; Albertus Ari Adrianto
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 8, No 4 (2019): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Latar belakang : Hipertiroid merupakan peningkatan kadar hormon tiroid bebas secara berlebihan dalam sirkulasi peredaran darah dan dapat menyebabkan peningkatan laju metabolisme yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan penurunan berat badan. Kondisi ini masih banyak dijumpai di Indonesia. Tiroidektomi merupakan satu bentuk pilihan terapi hipertiroid. Data dalam penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa pasien yang diterapi dengan tiroidektomi mengalami peningkatan berat badan dibandingkan dengan pasien yang diterapi dengan pengobatan antitiroid lainnya. Tujuan : Mengetahui perbedaan status IMT pada pasien hipertiroid pada periode pra- dan pascaoperasi tiroidektomi. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik retrospektif dengan pendekatan Crossectional. Data didapatkan dari rekam medik pasien dengan diagnosis hipertiroid secara laboratoris yang dilakukan tiroidektomi di RSUP Dr. Kariadi 1 Januari 2015 - 31 Desember 2017 sejumlah 62 pasien dengan metode consecutive sampling. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik wilcoxon, Mann Whitney dan Kruskal Wallis. Hasil : Rata-rata status IMT praoperasi tiroidektomi adalah 23,01 dan rata-rata status IMT pascaoperasi tiroidektomi adalah 24,46. Terdapat kenaikan bermakna pada IMT pascaoperasi tiroidektomi dan jenis kelamin juga berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kenaikan IMT pascaoperasi tiroidektomi. IMT praoperasi dan usia tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan IMT pascaoperasi tiroidektomi. Kesimpulan: Tiroidektomi meningkatkan IMT pascaoperasi pasien hipertiroid dan kenaikan ini dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin.Kata kunci : Hipertiroid, Tiroidektomi, IMT.

Harnessing Nature's Adjuvant: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Phyllanthus niruri's Immunomodulatory and Chemosensitizing Mechanisms in Colorectal Cancer Adhi Setradian Anto Maria; Albertus Ari Adrianto; Awal Prasetyo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 9 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i9.1374

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant global health burden, and the limitations of conventional therapies necessitate the exploration of effective adjuvants. Phyllanthus niruri (PNL), a medicinal herb, has demonstrated notable anticancer properties. This study aims to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the evidence from preclinical and clinical studies on PNL's efficacy in CRC. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials on PNL and CRC published up to December 2023. Primary outcomes included cell viability, tumor volume, and immunological biomarkers. Data were extracted for meta-analysis, calculating standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity, which was assessed using the I² statistic. Results: Twenty-one primary studies were included in the systematic review, with a subset eligible for meta-analysis. The qualitative synthesis confirmed PNL's multimodal action, including apoptosis induction, Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibition, and immunomodulation. The meta-analysis revealed that PNL treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume in animal models (SMD: -2.54; 95% CI: -3.87 to -1.21; p < 0.001) and a favorable decrease in the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (SMD: -1.89; 95% CI: -2.78 to -1.01; p < 0.001). Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis provides robust, synthesized evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of Phyllanthus niruri in colorectal cancer. PNL significantly reduces tumor growth and modulates key prognostic biomarkers, underscoring its potential as a powerful adjuvant therapy. These findings strongly advocate for the initiation of large-scale, standardized clinical trials to translate this promising natural agent into clinical practice.

Harnessing Nature's Adjuvant: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Phyllanthus niruri's Immunomodulatory and Chemosensitizing Mechanisms in Colorectal Cancer Adhi Setradian Anto Maria; Albertus Ari Adrianto; Awal Prasetyo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 9 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i9.1374

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant global health burden, and the limitations of conventional therapies necessitate the exploration of effective adjuvants. Phyllanthus niruri (PNL), a medicinal herb, has demonstrated notable anticancer properties. This study aims to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the evidence from preclinical and clinical studies on PNL's efficacy in CRC. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials on PNL and CRC published up to December 2023. Primary outcomes included cell viability, tumor volume, and immunological biomarkers. Data were extracted for meta-analysis, calculating standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity, which was assessed using the I² statistic. Results: Twenty-one primary studies were included in the systematic review, with a subset eligible for meta-analysis. The qualitative synthesis confirmed PNL's multimodal action, including apoptosis induction, Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibition, and immunomodulation. The meta-analysis revealed that PNL treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume in animal models (SMD: -2.54; 95% CI: -3.87 to -1.21; p < 0.001) and a favorable decrease in the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (SMD: -1.89; 95% CI: -2.78 to -1.01; p < 0.001). Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis provides robust, synthesized evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of Phyllanthus niruri in colorectal cancer. PNL significantly reduces tumor growth and modulates key prognostic biomarkers, underscoring its potential as a powerful adjuvant therapy. These findings strongly advocate for the initiation of large-scale, standardized clinical trials to translate this promising natural agent into clinical practice.

Dismantling Immunosuppression in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Phyllanthus niruri as a Potent Antagonist of the IL-10 Axis in the Tumor Microenvironment Jeffrey Eka Wijaya; Albertus Ari Adrianto; Awal Prasetyo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 10 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i10.1404

Background: The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of colorectal cancer (CRC), orchestrated largely by Interleukin-10 (IL-10), presents a formidable barrier to effective anti-tumor immunity. Phytochemicals from traditional medicines offer a promising avenue for immunomodulation. Phyllanthus niruri, a plant with a long history in herbal medicine, has demonstrated significant immunomodulatory potential. This systematic review aims to synthesize and critically evaluate the evidence regarding the efficacy of P. niruri and its bioactive compounds in modulating the IL-10-mediated immunosuppressive axis in CRC. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between January 2015 and August 2025. The review included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies investigating the effect of P. niruri on IL-10 expression and associated immune responses in CRC models. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Study quality was assessed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies and the RoB 2 tool for clinical trials. A meta-analysis of IL-10 concentration data from preclinical models was performed using a random-effects model. Results: From an initial 874 records, seven studies met the inclusion criteria: three in vitro, three in vivo, and one early-phase clinical trial. The selected studies consistently demonstrated that P. niruri extracts and its lignan, phyllanthin, significantly reduced IL-10 production in CRC cell lines, tumor tissues, and patient serum. Based on three preclinical studies, a meta-analysis revealed a significant standardized mean difference (SMD) in IL-10 reduction (SMD = -2.45; 95% CI: -3.10, -1.80; p < 0.00001). This IL-10 downregulation was correlated with a significant increase in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CD8+) infiltration, repolarization of M2 to M1 macrophages, and enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α. Mechanistically, P. niruri was shown to inhibit the STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways, key regulators of IL-10 transcription. Conclusion: While based on a limited but consistent body of evidence, our findings strongly support the role of Phyllanthus niruri as a potent modulator of the CRC immunosuppressive microenvironment by specifically targeting the IL-10 signaling axis. By reducing IL-10 production, P. niruri unleashes anti-tumor immunity, suggesting its potential as an adjuvant therapy to enhance the efficacy of conventional treatments and immunotherapies in CRC. Rigorous, large-scale clinical trials are warranted to translate these preclinical findings into clinical practice.

Dismantling Immunosuppression in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Phyllanthus niruri as a Potent Antagonist of the IL-10 Axis in the Tumor Microenvironment Jeffrey Eka Wijaya; Albertus Ari Adrianto; Awal Prasetyo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 10 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i10.1404

Background: The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of colorectal cancer (CRC), orchestrated largely by Interleukin-10 (IL-10), presents a formidable barrier to effective anti-tumor immunity. Phytochemicals from traditional medicines offer a promising avenue for immunomodulation. Phyllanthus niruri, a plant with a long history in herbal medicine, has demonstrated significant immunomodulatory potential. This systematic review aims to synthesize and critically evaluate the evidence regarding the efficacy of P. niruri and its bioactive compounds in modulating the IL-10-mediated immunosuppressive axis in CRC. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between January 2015 and August 2025. The review included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies investigating the effect of P. niruri on IL-10 expression and associated immune responses in CRC models. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Study quality was assessed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies and the RoB 2 tool for clinical trials. A meta-analysis of IL-10 concentration data from preclinical models was performed using a random-effects model. Results: From an initial 874 records, seven studies met the inclusion criteria: three in vitro, three in vivo, and one early-phase clinical trial. The selected studies consistently demonstrated that P. niruri extracts and its lignan, phyllanthin, significantly reduced IL-10 production in CRC cell lines, tumor tissues, and patient serum. Based on three preclinical studies, a meta-analysis revealed a significant standardized mean difference (SMD) in IL-10 reduction (SMD = -2.45; 95% CI: -3.10, -1.80; p < 0.00001). This IL-10 downregulation was correlated with a significant increase in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CD8+) infiltration, repolarization of M2 to M1 macrophages, and enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α. Mechanistically, P. niruri was shown to inhibit the STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways, key regulators of IL-10 transcription. Conclusion: While based on a limited but consistent body of evidence, our findings strongly support the role of Phyllanthus niruri as a potent modulator of the CRC immunosuppressive microenvironment by specifically targeting the IL-10 signaling axis. By reducing IL-10 production, P. niruri unleashes anti-tumor immunity, suggesting its potential as an adjuvant therapy to enhance the efficacy of conventional treatments and immunotherapies in CRC. Rigorous, large-scale clinical trials are warranted to translate these preclinical findings into clinical practice.

The Efficacy of Phyllanthus niruri Linn in Modulating Inflammatory and Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Colorectal Cancer: A Stratified Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Nurul Ahmad Isnaini; Albertus Ari Adrianto; Udadi Sadhana
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 10 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i10.1415

Background: The progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) is driven by a complex interplay between chronic inflammation and a resilient population of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Phyllanthus niruri Linn (PNL), a medicinal plant with established immunomodulatory effects, presents a promising adjuvant therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to move beyond qualitative summaries to quantitatively assess PNL's efficacy by synthesizing evidence on its modulation of key inflammatory and CSC biomarkers. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Scopus (2015–2025) was conducted. Studies quantifying the effects of PNL on Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), or CD133 in CRC models were included. Recognizing the profound biological differences between experimental systems, a stratified meta-analysis was performed. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, stratified by study type (in vitro vs. in vivo) and intervention (monotherapy vs. combination therapy). The Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) was the primary effect measure. Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. In a stratified analysis of in vivo models, PNL monotherapy significantly reduced COX-2 (SMD -2.11; 95% CI [-3.10, -1.12]) and IL-8 (SMD -1.95; 95% CI [-3.01, -0.89]). The effect on the CSC marker CD133 was most pronounced in vitro (SMD -2.98; 95% CI [-4.87, -1.09]), while still significant in in vivo models (SMD -2.15; 95% CI [-3.45, -0.85]). The analysis revealed that the biological context (in vitro vs. in vivo) is a significant determinant of the observed effect size. Conclusion: This stratified meta-analysis provides robust, context-specific evidence of PNL's ability to suppress key inflammatory and CSC markers in CRC. The findings reveal that PNL's potent anti-CSC activity observed in vitro is translated into a significant, though attenuated, effect in vivo, highlighting the critical influence of the tumor microenvironment and pharmacokinetics. This work substantiates the dual-pronged therapeutic potential of PNL as a promising bioactive adjuvant in CRC therapy.

The Efficacy of Phyllanthus niruri Linn in Modulating Inflammatory and Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Colorectal Cancer: A Stratified Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Nurul Ahmad Isnaini; Albertus Ari Adrianto; Udadi Sadhana
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 10 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i10.1415

Background: The progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) is driven by a complex interplay between chronic inflammation and a resilient population of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Phyllanthus niruri Linn (PNL), a medicinal plant with established immunomodulatory effects, presents a promising adjuvant therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to move beyond qualitative summaries to quantitatively assess PNL's efficacy by synthesizing evidence on its modulation of key inflammatory and CSC biomarkers. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Scopus (2015–2025) was conducted. Studies quantifying the effects of PNL on Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), or CD133 in CRC models were included. Recognizing the profound biological differences between experimental systems, a stratified meta-analysis was performed. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, stratified by study type (in vitro vs. in vivo) and intervention (monotherapy vs. combination therapy). The Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) was the primary effect measure. Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. In a stratified analysis of in vivo models, PNL monotherapy significantly reduced COX-2 (SMD -2.11; 95% CI [-3.10, -1.12]) and IL-8 (SMD -1.95; 95% CI [-3.01, -0.89]). The effect on the CSC marker CD133 was most pronounced in vitro (SMD -2.98; 95% CI [-4.87, -1.09]), while still significant in in vivo models (SMD -2.15; 95% CI [-3.45, -0.85]). The analysis revealed that the biological context (in vitro vs. in vivo) is a significant determinant of the observed effect size. Conclusion: This stratified meta-analysis provides robust, context-specific evidence of PNL's ability to suppress key inflammatory and CSC markers in CRC. The findings reveal that PNL's potent anti-CSC activity observed in vitro is translated into a significant, though attenuated, effect in vivo, highlighting the critical influence of the tumor microenvironment and pharmacokinetics. This work substantiates the dual-pronged therapeutic potential of PNL as a promising bioactive adjuvant in CRC therapy.

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