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Strategic study on energy-protein requirements for local sheep : 1 . Growing phase Mathius, I-Wayan; Martawidjaja, M; Wilson, A; Manurung, T
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Fourty, thin-tail lambs (mean BW 13 .8 Â± 1 .1 kg) were used in an experiment to measure energy and protein requirements. Lambs were divided into four dietary treatments in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design in which the factors were sex (male vs female), energy levels (high vs low) and crude protein (high vs low) . Metabol izable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) requirements were measured by regression technique, using data collected during the experiment . Results showed that combination of low protein and high energy diet gave the highest response, i.e . 112 g daily gain with better feed convertion, i .e . 5 .4 . Equation models developed to predict ME and CP requirements were EM (MJ/head) = -11 .9266 - 0 .6487 BW Â°." (kg) + 38 .48 ADG (kg) + 4 .6887 log ME/CP (J/g) and CP (kg/head) = 8 .14766 - 0.10642 BW "5 (kA+ 6 .05777 ADG (kg) - 1 .39541 log ME/CP (J/g) . Predicted ME and CP requirement, for maintenance were 482 kJ/kg BW 0.75 and 5 .14g/kg BW 5 respectively . Â Key words: Energy, crude protein, sheep, growing phase

Alley cropping of legumes with grasses as forages : Effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia on the growth and biomass production of forages Yuhaeni, Siti; Suratmini, N.P; Purwantari, N.D; Manurung, T; Sutedi, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A study to evaluate the effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) on the growth and biomass production of forages in an alley cropping system was conducted in two different agroclimatical zones i.e. Bogor, located at 500 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 3,112 nun/year and Sukabumi located at 900 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 1,402 mm/year . Both locations have low N, P, and K content and the soil is classified as acidic. The experimental design used was a split plot design with 3 replicates . The main plots were different grass species i.e. king grass Â (Pennisetum purpureum x P. typhoides) and elephant grass (P. purpureum). The sub plots were the row spacing of gliricidia at 2, 3, 4, 6 m (1 hedgerows) and 4 m (2 hedgerows). The results indicated that the growth and biomass production of grasses were significantly affected (P<0 .05) by the treatments in Bogor. The highest biomass productions was obtained from the 2 m row spacing which gave the highest dry matter production of grasses (1 .65 kg/hill) and gliricidia (0 .086 kg/tree) . In Sukabumi the growth and biomass production of grasses and gliricidia were also significantly affected by the treatments . The highest dry matter production was obtained with 2 m row spacing (dry matter of grasses and gliricidia were 1 .12 kg/hill and 0 .026 kg/tree, respectively) . The result further indicated that biomass production of forages increased with the increase in gliricidia population. The alley cropping system wich is suitable for Bogor was the 2 m row spacing of gliricidia intercropped with either king or elephant grass and for Â Sukabumi 2 and 4 m (2 rows of gliricidia) row spacing intercropped with king or elephant grass . Â Keywords : Alley cropping, grasses, legumes, row spacing

The potential, variety, and nutrient content of natural vegetation as feedstuffs grown under cashewnut plantation Sutedi, E; Mathius, I-W; Suratmini, NIP; ButarButar, S. Oloan; Manurung, T; Yuhaeni, S; Panjaitan, Tanda S.; Muzaini, A
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Ruminant production is limited by the quality, the sufficiency and the continuation of feed supply, especially during the dry season. The objective of the study was to find out the potency, type and quality of natural vegetation grown under cashewnut plantation. The study was carried out by exploration of existing natural vegetation resources in cashewnut plantation area. Results showed that native pasture growing under cashewnut plantation area comprised of dry-tolerant grasses and legumes, such as Setaria sp., Themeda sp., Calopogonium mucunoides, and Desmodium sp. The fresh yield and the dry matter production of natural vegetation grown under less than eight years old of cashewnut plantation was lower compared to those grown under cashewnut plantation of more than eight years old. This may be due to shading by the tree crop, which is known to reduce the photosynthetically active radiation reaching the ground of vegetation. It seems that, light is the critical factor affecting the growth of vegetation underneath tree canopies. Carrying capacity of native forages grown under cashewnut plantation was only 0.5 animal unit of ruminant/ha/year. Â Key words: Natural vegetation, cashewnut plantation, carrying capacity

The potential, variety, and nutrient content of natural vegetation as feedstuffs grown under cashewnut plantation E Sutedi; I-W Mathius; NIP Suratmini; S. Oloan ButarButar; T Manurung; S Yuhaeni; Tanda S. Panjaitan; A Muzaini
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 2 (2001): JUNE 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Ruminant production is limited by the quality, the sufficiency and the continuation of feed supply, especially during the dry season. The objective of the study was to find out the potency, type and quality of natural vegetation grown under cashewnut plantation. The study was carried out by exploration of existing natural vegetation resources in cashewnut plantation area. Results showed that native pasture growing under cashewnut plantation area comprised of dry-tolerant grasses and legumes, such as Setaria sp., Themeda sp., Calopogonium mucunoides, and Desmodium sp. The fresh yield and the dry matter production of natural vegetation grown under less than eight years old of cashewnut plantation was lower compared to those grown under cashewnut plantation of more than eight years old. This may be due to shading by the tree crop, which is known to reduce the photosynthetically active radiation reaching the ground of vegetation. It seems that, light is the critical factor affecting the growth of vegetation underneath tree canopies. Carrying capacity of native forages grown under cashewnut plantation was only 0.5 animal unit of ruminant/ha/year. Key words: Natural vegetation, cashewnut plantation, carrying capacity

Strategic study on energy-protein requirements for local sheep : 1 . Growing phase I-Wayan Mathius; M Martawidjaja; A Wilson; T Manurung
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Fourty, thin-tail lambs (mean BW 13 .8 ± 1 .1 kg) were used in an experiment to measure energy and protein requirements. Lambs were divided into four dietary treatments in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design in which the factors were sex (male vs female), energy levels (high vs low) and crude protein (high vs low) . Metabol izable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) requirements were measured by regression technique, using data collected during the experiment . Results showed that combination of low protein and high energy diet gave the highest response, i.e . 112 g daily gain with better feed convertion, i .e . 5 .4 . Equation models developed to predict ME and CP requirements were EM (MJ/head) = -11 .9266 - 0 .6487 BW °." (kg) + 38 .48 ADG (kg) + 4 .6887 log ME/CP (J/g) and CP (kg/head) = 8 .14766 - 0.10642 BW "5 (kA+ 6 .05777 ADG (kg) - 1 .39541 log ME/CP (J/g) . Predicted ME and CP requirement, for maintenance were 482 kJ/kg BW 0.75 and 5 .14g/kg BW 5 respectively . Key words: Energy, crude protein, sheep, growing phase

Alley cropping of legumes with grasses as forages : Effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia on the growth and biomass production of forages Siti Yuhaeni; N.P Suratmini; N.D Purwantari; T Manurung; E Sutedi
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A study to evaluate the effect of different grass species and row spacing of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) on the growth and biomass production of forages in an alley cropping system was conducted in two different agroclimatical zones i.e. Bogor, located at 500 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 3,112 nun/year and Sukabumi located at 900 m a .s .l . with an average annual rainfall of 1,402 mm/year . Both locations have low N, P, and K content and the soil is classified as acidic. The experimental design used was a split plot design with 3 replicates . The main plots were different grass species i.e. king grass (Pennisetum purpureum x P. typhoides) and elephant grass (P. purpureum). The sub plots were the row spacing of gliricidia at 2, 3, 4, 6 m (1 hedgerows) and 4 m (2 hedgerows). The results indicated that the growth and biomass production of grasses were significantly affected (P<0 .05) by the treatments in Bogor. The highest biomass productions was obtained from the 2 m row spacing which gave the highest dry matter production of grasses (1 .65 kg/hill) and gliricidia (0 .086 kg/tree) . In Sukabumi the growth and biomass production of grasses and gliricidia were also significantly affected by the treatments . The highest dry matter production was obtained with 2 m row spacing (dry matter of grasses and gliricidia were 1 .12 kg/hill and 0 .026 kg/tree, respectively) . The result further indicated that biomass production of forages increased with the increase in gliricidia population. The alley cropping system wich is suitable for Bogor was the 2 m row spacing of gliricidia intercropped with either king or elephant grass and for Sukabumi 2 and 4 m (2 rows of gliricidia) row spacing intercropped with king or elephant grass . Keywords : Alley cropping, grasses, legumes, row spacing

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