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Growth performance of FH male calves fed milk replacer made of local ingredients for veal production Wina, Elizabeth; Mathius, I-Wayan; Tangendjaja, Budi
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The research was designed to evaluate the local feedstuff to be used in milk replacer (MP) and its utilization for veal production . Fifteen male calves of the Friesian Holstein breed, 5-6 weeks old were used in the experiment lasting for 8 weeks. The treatments were (i) commercial milk replacer (SPK), (ii) local (SPL-1) and (iii) mixture ofSPK and SPL-1 (SPKL). The amount of dry matter offerred is 3 % of live weight each and was given twice daily (in the morning and late afternoon) . Elephant grass (0 .5 kg) was offerred at noon . The observed parameters were average daily gain (ADG), dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intake, carcass percentage, weight of carcass components, physical and chemical characteristics of meat. The results show that feed consumptions were 1,981, 1,613 and 1,050 g1day and ADGs were 897,496 and 73 g for treatments SPK, SPKL and SPL, respectively . Carcass percentage was 56.84 and 58 .76% with protein content was 87 .47 and 84 .78% for treatments Â SPK and SPKL, respectively . The benefit per head of calf was higher when fed mixture of local and commercial MP than fed only commercial MP but the benefit per day was higher when fed commercial MP than mixture of local and commercial. In conclusion, a cheaper milk replacer with less milk protein content resulting in a lower gain but higher benefit per head of calf than a commercial milk replacer containing high milk protein content Â Key words : veal, male calves, milk replacer

Strategic study on energy-protein requirements for local sheep : 1 . Growing phase Mathius, I-Wayan; Martawidjaja, M; Wilson, A; Manurung, T
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Fourty, thin-tail lambs (mean BW 13 .8 Â± 1 .1 kg) were used in an experiment to measure energy and protein requirements. Lambs were divided into four dietary treatments in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design in which the factors were sex (male vs female), energy levels (high vs low) and crude protein (high vs low) . Metabol izable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) requirements were measured by regression technique, using data collected during the experiment . Results showed that combination of low protein and high energy diet gave the highest response, i.e . 112 g daily gain with better feed convertion, i .e . 5 .4 . Equation models developed to predict ME and CP requirements were EM (MJ/head) = -11 .9266 - 0 .6487 BW Â°." (kg) + 38 .48 ADG (kg) + 4 .6887 log ME/CP (J/g) and CP (kg/head) = 8 .14766 - 0.10642 BW "5 (kA+ 6 .05777 ADG (kg) - 1 .39541 log ME/CP (J/g) . Predicted ME and CP requirement, for maintenance were 482 kJ/kg BW 0.75 and 5 .14g/kg BW 5 respectively . Â Key words: Energy, crude protein, sheep, growing phase

Responses of young rams to level of hydrolised feather meal subtitution in ration Puastuti, Wisri; Mathius, I-Wayan
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Feather meal contains more than 90% protein that most of this protein (70%) are ruminally undegradable, therefore it is a potential source of by pass protein. The study was done to evaluate the response of young rams to hydrolised feather meal (HBA) substitution in ration. Twenty five young rams aged 7-8 months, with average body weight of 21.16 Â± 2.47 kg were used in this study. This study was conducted based on ramdomized block design and the rams were grouped into 5 groups based on body weight. The ration consisted of 30% grass and 70% feed supplement on dry matter basis. Feed supplement of the control diet (R0) contained 72% of total digestible nutrient (TDN) and 15% ofÂ total crude protein (CP), whereas R1-R4 were the improved rations that contained 75% of TDN and 18% of CP. HBA was used to substitute feed protein and as by pass protein source. The HBA substitution was done in 5 levels, namely: R0 = grass + feed supplement with 0% HBA; R1 = grass + feed supplement with 1.1% HBA; R2 = grass + feed supplement with 2.2% HBA; R3 = grass + feed supplement with 4.4% HBA and R4 = grass + feed supplement with 8.5% HBA. The study was conducted for 12 weeks. The results showed that the increase of CP in ration and HBA substitution did not affect dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) consumption, as well as DM, OM and CP digestibility. The substitution of HBA in ration significantly increased CP consumption of ram fed R1, R2, R3 and R4 compared to R0 (143.86; 142.58; 147.46; 134.43 vs 109.98 g/head). The level of NH3-N in rumen fluid was significantly (P<0.01) affected by CP in the ration and HBA substitution. On the other hand total VFA and molar volatile fatty acids were not different except for molar isobutirat. The value of N retention and average daily gain (ADG) were affected (P<0.05) by level of CP and subtitution HBA in ration. The highest ADG value was resulted by rams received R2 diet (133.77 g/head). It was concluded that 2.2% HBA substitution in ration gave the best response on consumption, digestion, rumen fermentation, N retention and ADG. Key Words: Hydrolised Feather Meal, Substitution, Ram

Growth and sexual development of Etawah-cross kids from does of different levels of milk production Sutama, I-Ketut; Budiarsana, I-G.M; Mathius, I-Wayan; Juarini, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and sexual development of female Etawah-cross kids of the progeny of the does with low (Group L), medium (Group M) and high (Group H) milk production. The does were fed King grass (Pennisetum purpureophoides) (about 2% DM of liveweight) and 400 g/head of concentrate. The amount of concentrate was increased to 600 g/head during the last two months of pregnancy period and during lactation. Kids were weaned at four months of age. Thereafter, they were reared in group and were fed King grass and concentrate. The animals were weighed every two weeks. A mature vasectomized buck were joined in each group to detect the onset of first oestrus (puberty). When kids reached puberty and had a liveweight of about 20 kg, they were mated with intact buck. Ovulation rate, progesterone profiles and fertility were observed. The results showed that pre-weaning growth rates of kids in all three groups were not significantly different (67.0 vs 74.9 vs 70.5 g/day, P>0.05). At six and 12 months of ages, Groups L and M had almost the same liveweight which were higher than Group H. Consequently, Groups L and M reached puberty about 3 - 6 weeks earlier than Group H. The average liveweight at puberty was 19.9, 18.2 and 18.8 kg for Groups L, M and H, respectively, or at about 57.1-69.8% (average 63.2%) of mature liveweight. The pregnancy rate following first mating was relatively high (67-73%) and all does were pregnant in the following mating. Average ovulation rate at conception were low (1.1) in all groups. It was concluded that differences in milk production of the does did not significantly affect post-weaning growth and sexual development and performances of kids. Other factors at certain age or growth phases might be more important to affect growth and reproduction of Etawah-cross goat, and this may warrant further study. Â Key words : Growth, reproduction, Etawah-cross does

Responses of young rams to level of hydrolised feather meal subtitution in ration Wisri Puastuti; I-Wayan Mathius
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 13, No 2 (2008): JUNE 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Feather meal contains more than 90% protein that most of this protein (70%) are ruminally undegradable, therefore it is a potential source of by pass protein. The study was done to evaluate the response of young rams to hydrolised feather meal (HBA) substitution in ration. Twenty five young rams aged 7-8 months, with average body weight of 21.16 ± 2.47 kg were used in this study. This study was conducted based on ramdomized block design and the rams were grouped into 5 groups based on body weight. The ration consisted of 30% grass and 70% feed supplement on dry matter basis. Feed supplement of the control diet (R0) contained 72% of total digestible nutrient (TDN) and 15% of total crude protein (CP), whereas R1-R4 were the improved rations that contained 75% of TDN and 18% of CP. HBA was used to substitute feed protein and as by pass protein source. The HBA substitution was done in 5 levels, namely: R0 = grass + feed supplement with 0% HBA; R1 = grass + feed supplement with 1.1% HBA; R2 = grass + feed supplement with 2.2% HBA; R3 = grass + feed supplement with 4.4% HBA and R4 = grass + feed supplement with 8.5% HBA. The study was conducted for 12 weeks. The results showed that the increase of CP in ration and HBA substitution did not affect dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) consumption, as well as DM, OM and CP digestibility. The substitution of HBA in ration significantly increased CP consumption of ram fed R1, R2, R3 and R4 compared to R0 (143.86; 142.58; 147.46; 134.43 vs 109.98 g/head). The level of NH3-N in rumen fluid was significantly (P<0.01) affected by CP in the ration and HBA substitution. On the other hand total VFA and molar volatile fatty acids were not different except for molar isobutirat. The value of N retention and average daily gain (ADG) were affected (P<0.05) by level of CP and subtitution HBA in ration. The highest ADG value was resulted by rams received R2 diet (133.77 g/head). It was concluded that 2.2% HBA substitution in ration gave the best response on consumption, digestion, rumen fermentation, N retention and ADG. Key Words: Hydrolised Feather Meal, Substitution, Ram

Growth performance of FH male calves fed milk replacer made of local ingredients for veal production Elizabeth Wina; I-Wayan Mathius; Budi Tangendjaja
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The research was designed to evaluate the local feedstuff to be used in milk replacer (MP) and its utilization for veal production . Fifteen male calves of the Friesian Holstein breed, 5-6 weeks old were used in the experiment lasting for 8 weeks. The treatments were (i) commercial milk replacer (SPK), (ii) local (SPL-1) and (iii) mixture ofSPK and SPL-1 (SPKL). The amount of dry matter offerred is 3 % of live weight each and was given twice daily (in the morning and late afternoon) . Elephant grass (0 .5 kg) was offerred at noon . The observed parameters were average daily gain (ADG), dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intake, carcass percentage, weight of carcass components, physical and chemical characteristics of meat. The results show that feed consumptions were 1,981, 1,613 and 1,050 g1day and ADGs were 897,496 and 73 g for treatments SPK, SPKL and SPL, respectively . Carcass percentage was 56.84 and 58 .76% with protein content was 87 .47 and 84 .78% for treatments SPK and SPKL, respectively . The benefit per head of calf was higher when fed mixture of local and commercial MP than fed only commercial MP but the benefit per day was higher when fed commercial MP than mixture of local and commercial. In conclusion, a cheaper milk replacer with less milk protein content resulting in a lower gain but higher benefit per head of calf than a commercial milk replacer containing high milk protein content Key words : veal, male calves, milk replacer

Growth and sexual development of Etawah-cross kids from does of different levels of milk production I-Ketut Sutama; I-G.M Budiarsana; I-Wayan Mathius; E Juarini
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 4, No 2 (1999): JUNE 1999
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and sexual development of female Etawah-cross kids of the progeny of the does with low (Group L), medium (Group M) and high (Group H) milk production. The does were fed King grass (Pennisetum purpureophoides) (about 2% DM of liveweight) and 400 g/head of concentrate. The amount of concentrate was increased to 600 g/head during the last two months of pregnancy period and during lactation. Kids were weaned at four months of age. Thereafter, they were reared in group and were fed King grass and concentrate. The animals were weighed every two weeks. A mature vasectomized buck were joined in each group to detect the onset of first oestrus (puberty). When kids reached puberty and had a liveweight of about 20 kg, they were mated with intact buck. Ovulation rate, progesterone profiles and fertility were observed. The results showed that pre-weaning growth rates of kids in all three groups were not significantly different (67.0 vs 74.9 vs 70.5 g/day, P>0.05). At six and 12 months of ages, Groups L and M had almost the same liveweight which were higher than Group H. Consequently, Groups L and M reached puberty about 3 - 6 weeks earlier than Group H. The average liveweight at puberty was 19.9, 18.2 and 18.8 kg for Groups L, M and H, respectively, or at about 57.1-69.8% (average 63.2%) of mature liveweight. The pregnancy rate following first mating was relatively high (67-73%) and all does were pregnant in the following mating. Average ovulation rate at conception were low (1.1) in all groups. It was concluded that differences in milk production of the does did not significantly affect post-weaning growth and sexual development and performances of kids. Other factors at certain age or growth phases might be more important to affect growth and reproduction of Etawah-cross goat, and this may warrant further study. Key words : Growth, reproduction, Etawah-cross does

Strategic study on energy-protein requirements for local sheep : 1 . Growing phase I-Wayan Mathius; M Martawidjaja; A Wilson; T Manurung
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Fourty, thin-tail lambs (mean BW 13 .8 ± 1 .1 kg) were used in an experiment to measure energy and protein requirements. Lambs were divided into four dietary treatments in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design in which the factors were sex (male vs female), energy levels (high vs low) and crude protein (high vs low) . Metabol izable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) requirements were measured by regression technique, using data collected during the experiment . Results showed that combination of low protein and high energy diet gave the highest response, i.e . 112 g daily gain with better feed convertion, i .e . 5 .4 . Equation models developed to predict ME and CP requirements were EM (MJ/head) = -11 .9266 - 0 .6487 BW °." (kg) + 38 .48 ADG (kg) + 4 .6887 log ME/CP (J/g) and CP (kg/head) = 8 .14766 - 0.10642 BW "5 (kA+ 6 .05777 ADG (kg) - 1 .39541 log ME/CP (J/g) . Predicted ME and CP requirement, for maintenance were 482 kJ/kg BW 0.75 and 5 .14g/kg BW 5 respectively . Key words: Energy, crude protein, sheep, growing phase

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