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Characteristics of Heavy Metals Adsorption Cu, Pb and Cd Using Synthetics Zeolite Zsm-5 . Priyadi; . Iskandar; . Suwardi; Rino Rakhmata Mukti
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 20, No 2: May 2015
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2015.v20i2.77-83

It is generally known that zeolite has potential for heavy metal adsorption. The objectives of this study were to synthesize and characterize zeolite ZSM-5 and to figure out the adsorption capacity of zeolite ZSM-5 for heavy metals of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+. Characterization of zeolite ZSM-5 included some variables i.e. crystal structure (XRD), morphology (SEM), specific surface area and total pore volume (N2 physisorption). Adsorption capacity of zeolite ZSM-5 was analysed using a batch system with heavy metals of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ in various concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm) with contact times 30, 60, 90, 120 and 250 minutes. Adsorption data was calculated by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of zeolite ZSM-5 against heavy metals of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+, were 74.07, 69.93 and 60.24 mg g-1, respectively. These indicated that synthetic zeolite ZSM-5 had potential to adsorb heavy metals. The results also suggested that the adsorption capacity was affected by the pore size of zeolite, negative charge of zeolite, diameter of hydrated and electronegative ion.

Synthesis of Spherical Nanostructured g-Al2O3 Particles using Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) Reverse Micelle Templating Didi Prasetyo Benu; Veinardi Suendo; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Erna Febriyanti; Fry Voni Steky; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya; Ashari Budi Nugraha
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

We demonstrated the synthesis of spherical nanostructured g-Al2O3 using reverse micelle templating to enhance the surface area and reactant accessibility. Three different surfactants were used in this study: benzalkonium chloride (BZK), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). We obtained spherical nanostructured particles only using CTAB that form a reverse micelle emulsion. The particles have wide size distribution with an average size of 2.54 mm. The spherical particles consist of nanoplate crystallites with size 20-40 nm randomly arranged forming intercrystallite spaces. The crystalline phase of as-synthesized and calcined particles was boehmite and g-Al2O3, respectively as determined by XRD analysis. Here, the preserved particle morphology during boehmite to g-Al2O3 transformation opens a facile route to synthesize g-Al2O3 particles with complex morphology. The specific surface area of synthesized particles is 201 m2/g, which is around five times higher than the conventional g-Al2O3 (Aldrich 544833). Spherical nanostructured g-Al2O3 provides wide potential applications in catalysis due to its high density closed packed structure, large surface area, and high accessibility.

A Straightforward Selective Acylation of Phenols over ZSM-5 towards Making Paracetamol Precursors Robby Roswanda; Alfhons Daniel Sirampun; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Didin Mujahidin
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 3 Year 2018 (December 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Commercially available ZSM-5 was minimally treated as the catalyst to selectively acylate phenols. The ZSM-5 was simply immersed in ammonium nitrate in order to fill the pores with Brönsted acid to concentrate the catalytic reactions inside the pores. The reactions were carried out in liquid phase at 383 K. Acetic acid and propionic acid were chosen as the acyl substrate. Gas chromatography reveals two products which are phenyl acetate and almost exclusively para-hydroxyacetophenone meaning no ortho product observed. This para selectivity can be attributed to the pores of ZSM-5 where the reaction is assumed to be happening via intermolecular reaction. It is a relatively straightforward method in making para-hydroxyacetophenone which is known as paracetamol precursor.

bcl Morphology Formation Strategy on Nanostructured Titania via Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment Fry Voni Steky; Veinardi Suendo; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Didi Prasetyo Benu; Muhammad Reza; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya; Ashari Budi Nugraha
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor material that plays an important role in photocatalysis. Bicontinuous concentric lamellar (bcl) is an interesting morphology with an open channel pore structure that has been successfully synthesized on silica-based materials. If bcl morphology can be applied in TiO2 system, then many surface properties of TiO2 can be enhanced, i.e. photocatalytic activity. A simple and effective strategy has been demonstrated to transform aggregated and spherical TiO2 particles to bcl morphology via alkaline hydrothermal route. Alkaline hydrothermal treatment successfully transforms TiO2 particle surface to have bcl morphology through swelling with ammonia then followed by phase segregation process. We proposed this strategy as a general pathway to transform the particle surface with any shape to have bcl morphology.

The Surface-to-volume Ratio of the Synthesis Reactor Vessel Governing the Low Temperature Crystallization of ZSM-5 Ana Hidayati Mukaromah; Grandprix Thomryes Marth Kadja; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Ignatius Redyte Pratama; Muhamad Ali Zulfikar; Buchari Buchari
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.3.5

Zeolite ZSM-5 is one of major catalysts in petroleum and fine-chemical industries. The synthesis of zeolite ZSM-5 is usually carried out at high temperature above 100 °C using the immense amount of organic structure-directing agents (OSDA). It is interesting to note that fine-tuning the initial gel mixture can be used to enhance the typical slow crystallization rate of ZSM-5. Herein, we report the effect of the surface-to-volume ratio of the reactor vessel to the crystallization of ZSM-5 at low temperature. The surface-to-volume ratio of the reactor vessel could influence the heat-transfer during the synthesis which further governed the crystallization of ZSM-5. It was found that the higher the surface-to-volume of the reactor, the more crystalline of the resulting products. The product with the highest crystallinity exhibited a nearly-spherical morphology composed of smaller ZSM-5 crystallites. This phenomenon allowed the presence of inter-crystallite mesopores which is an advantage for the catalytic reaction using bulky molecules.

A Straightforward Selective Acylation of Phenols over ZSM-5 towards Making Paracetamol Precursors Robby Roswanda; Alfhons Daniel Sirampun; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Didin Mujahidin
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 3 Year 2018 (December 2018)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.3.2856.573-587

Commercially available ZSM-5 was minimally treated as the catalyst to selectively acylate phenols. The ZSM-5 was simply immersed in ammonium nitrate in order to fill the pores with Brönsted acid to concentrate the catalytic reactions inside the pores. The reactions were carried out in liquid phase at 383 K. Acetic acid and propionic acid were chosen as the acyl substrate. Gas chromatography reveals two products which are phenyl acetate and almost exclusively para-hydroxyacetophenone meaning no ortho product observed. This para selectivity can be attributed to the pores of ZSM-5 where the reaction is assumed to be happening via intermolecular reaction. It is a relatively straightforward method in making para-hydroxyacetophenone which is known as paracetamol precursor.

Synthesis of Spherical Nanostructured g-Al2O3 Particles using Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) Reverse Micelle Templating Didi Prasetyo Benu; Veinardi Suendo; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Erna Febriyanti; Fry Voni Steky; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya; Ashari Budi Nugraha
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3855.542-550

We demonstrated the synthesis of spherical nanostructured g-Al2O3 using reverse micelle templating to enhance the surface area and reactant accessibility. Three different surfactants were used in this study: benzalkonium chloride (BZK), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). We obtained spherical nanostructured particles only using CTAB that form a reverse micelle emulsion. The particles have wide size distribution with an average size of 2.54 mm. The spherical particles consist of nanoplate crystallites with size 20-40 nm randomly arranged forming intercrystallite spaces. The crystalline phase of as-synthesized and calcined particles was boehmite and g-Al2O3, respectively as determined by XRD analysis. Here, the preserved particle morphology during boehmite to g-Al2O3 transformation opens a facile route to synthesize g-Al2O3 particles with complex morphology. The specific surface area of synthesized particles is 201 m2/g, which is around five times higher than the conventional g-Al2O3 (Aldrich 544833). Spherical nanostructured g-Al2O3 provides wide potential applications in catalysis due to its high density closed packed structure, large surface area, and high accessibility.

bcl Morphology Formation Strategy on Nanostructured Titania via Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment Fry Voni Steky; Veinardi Suendo; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Didi Prasetyo Benu; Muhammad Reza; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya; Ashari Budi Nugraha
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3853.513-520

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor material that plays an important role in photocatalysis. Bicontinuous concentric lamellar (bcl) is an interesting morphology with an open channel pore structure that has been successfully synthesized on silica-based materials. If bcl morphology can be applied in TiO2 system, then many surface properties of TiO2 can be enhanced, i.e. photocatalytic activity. A simple and effective strategy has been demonstrated to transform aggregated and spherical TiO2 particles to bcl morphology via alkaline hydrothermal route. Alkaline hydrothermal treatment successfully transforms TiO2 particle surface to have bcl morphology through swelling with ammonia then followed by phase segregation process. We proposed this strategy as a general pathway to transform the particle surface with any shape to have bcl morphology.

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