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Musik Tiup dan Upacara Adat: Kasus Pengayaan Identitas Kebudayaan Musikal pada Masyarakat Batak Toba di Kota Medan Mauly Purba
PANGGUNG Vol 24, No 3 (2014): Identitas dalam Bingkai Seni
Publisher : LP2M ISBI Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (225.397 KB) | DOI: 10.26742/panggung.v24i3.123

Abstract

ABSTRACT Up to the 1990’s the use of the gondang sabangunan, the traditional ceremonial music ensamble of the Batak Toba people,  still played an important role in the practice of their adat (customary law) ceremonies—such as wedding and funeral ceremonies. In present time, however, the so-called musik tiup, a combination of Western brass instruments and Batak Toba traditional musical instruments, tends  to take place of the role of the gondang sabangunan in the adat ceremonies; its use is in fact countinuous. This paper aims to investigate whether or not it is a kind of  social process of  forming a new musical culture identity of the Batak Toba people in Medan. Ethnomusicological and ethno- historical approaches are used in investigating this particular social phenomenon. This research uses decriptive method and the result shows that, on one hand, the people intend to look after their ances- tors’ traditions through the practice of adat ceremonies where they use musik tiup, yet at the same time, they not only perform traditional gondang repertoires (gondang compositions) but also employ certain instruments of the gondang sabangunan ensamble. On the other hand, through the use of musik tiup the people mean to construct and  enrich their musical culture identity. Keywords: Batak Toba, musik tiup, Gondang Sabangunan, identity, adat    ABSTRAK Hingga  dekade  1990an  penggunaan  gondang  sabangunan,  ensambel  musik  seremo- nial masyarakat Batak Toba Toba di kota Medan, masih memainkan peran yang penting di dalam upacara-upacara adat, antara lain upacara perkawinan dan kematian. Namun, dewasa ini ensambel yang dikenal sebagai musik tiup, yang merupakan kombinasi alat musik tiup logam (dari kebudayaan Barat) dengan alat musik dari kebudayaan Batak Toba, kelihatannya menggantikan posisi ensambel gondang sabangunan di dalam upacara-upa- cara adat; kondisi ini berkesinambungan. Apakah ini suatu dinamika proses sosial dalam rangka pembentukan identitas kebudayaan musikal yang baru bagi masyarakat Batak Toba di kota Medan? Pendekatan etnomusikologi dan etnohistori diaplikasikan dalam hal me- mahami dan menganalisa masalah ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa di satu sisi, masyarakat berusaha menjaga kesinambungan tradisi musik leluhur mereka melalui pelaksanaan upacara adat walaupun dengan format ensambel yang berbeda (musik tiup), tetapi tetap memberi ruang kepada elemen musik dan ekstra musikal tradisi gondang Batak Toba, khususnya instrumen dan melodi gondang. Di sisi yang lain, melalui musik tiup masyarakat memberikan kontribusi pada pengayaan identitas kebudayaan musikalnya. Kata kunci: Batak Toba, musik tiup, Gondang Sabangunan, identitas, adat
Musik Tiup dan Upacara Adat: Kasus Pengayaan Identitas Kebudayaan Musikal pada Masyarakat Batak Toba di Kota Medan Mauly Purba
PANGGUNG Vol 24 No 3 (2014): Identitas dalam Bingkai Seni
Publisher : LP2M ISBI Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26742/panggung.v24i3.123

Abstract

ABSTRACT Up to the 1990’s the use of the gondang sabangunan, the traditional ceremonial music ensamble of the Batak Toba people,  still played an important role in the practice of their adat (customary law) ceremonies—such as wedding and funeral ceremonies. In present time, however, the so-called musik tiup, a combination of Western brass instruments and Batak Toba traditional musical instruments, tends  to take place of the role of the gondang sabangunan in the adat ceremonies; its use is in fact countinuous. This paper aims to investigate whether or not it is a kind of  social process of  forming a new musical culture identity of the Batak Toba people in Medan. Ethnomusicological and ethno- historical approaches are used in investigating this particular social phenomenon. This research uses decriptive method and the result shows that, on one hand, the people intend to look after their ances- tors’ traditions through the practice of adat ceremonies where they use musik tiup, yet at the same time, they not only perform traditional gondang repertoires (gondang compositions) but also employ certain instruments of the gondang sabangunan ensamble. On the other hand, through the use of musik tiup the people mean to construct and  enrich their musical culture identity. Keywords: Batak Toba, musik tiup, Gondang Sabangunan, identity, adat    ABSTRAK Hingga  dekade  1990an  penggunaan  gondang  sabangunan,  ensambel  musik  seremo- nial masyarakat Batak Toba Toba di kota Medan, masih memainkan peran yang penting di dalam upacara-upacara adat, antara lain upacara perkawinan dan kematian. Namun, dewasa ini ensambel yang dikenal sebagai musik tiup, yang merupakan kombinasi alat musik tiup logam (dari kebudayaan Barat) dengan alat musik dari kebudayaan Batak Toba, kelihatannya menggantikan posisi ensambel gondang sabangunan di dalam upacara-upa- cara adat; kondisi ini berkesinambungan. Apakah ini suatu dinamika proses sosial dalam rangka pembentukan identitas kebudayaan musikal yang baru bagi masyarakat Batak Toba di kota Medan? Pendekatan etnomusikologi dan etnohistori diaplikasikan dalam hal me- mahami dan menganalisa masalah ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa di satu sisi, masyarakat berusaha menjaga kesinambungan tradisi musik leluhur mereka melalui pelaksanaan upacara adat walaupun dengan format ensambel yang berbeda (musik tiup), tetapi tetap memberi ruang kepada elemen musik dan ekstra musikal tradisi gondang Batak Toba, khususnya instrumen dan melodi gondang. Di sisi yang lain, melalui musik tiup masyarakat memberikan kontribusi pada pengayaan identitas kebudayaan musikalnya. Kata kunci: Batak Toba, musik tiup, Gondang Sabangunan, identitas, adat
THE SINGING CHURCH: AN ANALYSIS OF VOCAL DEVIATIONS IN CONGREGATIONAL SINGING - A STUDY OF HKBP CONGREGATIONAL SINGING TECHNIQUES Ruth Melody Misbow Siallagan; Mauly Purba; Vanesia Amelia Sebayang; Junita Batubara
Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/morfai.v6i2.4843

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the policies of the Huria Kristen Batak Protestan (HKBP) Church regarding congregational singing practices during Sunday worship and to evaluate their implementation in order to identify an ideal model for improving the quality of congregational singing techniques. The primary issue addressed in this research is the prevalence of technical errors in congregational singing, such as inaccurate rhythm, poor intonation, unclear articulation, and uncontrolled vocal dynamics. These errors tend to occur repeatedly and systematically, which is suspected to be the result of oral tradition transmission without structured musical training. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method using a case study approach conducted in three HKBP church regions in North Sumatra: Tarutung, Pematangsiantar, and Medan. Data collection techniques include observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that although the HKBP possesses a rich legacy of church music, the implementation of policies related to congregational singing training remains uneven and lacks structure. Vocal technique training has not yet become an integral part of church programs, and congregational singing ability is largely shaped by worship habits without adequate pedagogical intervention. Oral tradition plays a significant role but is not sufficiently supported by formal musical approaches. Based on these findings, this study proposes an ideal model for developing congregational singing techniques that incorporates theological, musical, and inculturative aspects—taking into account the characteristics of Batak music and Christian spiritual values. This research is expected to make a meaningful contribution to enhancing the quality of worship in the HKBP context, particularly in the area of congregational singing as an expression of faith and a vital element of liturgy.
DIVERSITY OF MUSIC GENRES IN SUNDAY SERVICES OF HKBP CHURCH IN MEDAN CITY: THEOLOGICAL, CULTURAL, AND MUSIC MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES Elfrida Yuliana Simamora; Mauly Purba; Pulumun P. Ginting; Junita Batubara
International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JANUARY
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18764671

Abstract

This study explores the diversity of musical genres is a multidimensional phenomenon in the realm of musical arts that reflects the systematic heterogeneity of musical styles, forms, and practices that develop in various cultural, historical, and social contexts. In a theoretical-musical perspective, this diversity is reflected through the differentiation of basic elements of music: such as melody, harmony, rhythm, timbre, texture, form, and dynamics that form the idiomatic characteristics of each genre. This study aims to examine the diversity of HKBP church music genres used in performing songs in Sunday services, to examine the choice of musical genres used in church services in HKBP and to examine church policies towards HKBP church music. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach, supported by observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The theories used include the Theory of Music Diversity, the Theory of Cultural Contact and the Theory of Music Management. The results of the study show that the diversity of musical genres has undergone significant changes in the musical structure of each HKBP church, the use of modern instruments, but still maintains traditional elements such as hymn music (organ). The new music style (genre) that was formed was the result of Cultural Contact of HKBP church musicians with the demands of the times, the tastes of musicians or congregations and contemporary performance spaces. The music policy in each HKBP church is different because the musicians in each church are not trained and practices in the field are different, the leadership of the Pastor in the church does not all understand HKBP church music. For musicians accompanying Sunday services in HKBP churches, knowing the many music genres is due to the freedom to appreciate playing music because there is no written HKBP music policy but the policy exists through Oral Tradition. This study contributes to the development of HKBP church music policies that are adaptive to cultural and generational contexts, while preserving the roots of Lutheran liturgical tradition.