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Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah Secara Bertahap Menggunakan Adsorben Arang Sekam Padi, Ampas Tebu Dan Cangkang Telur Niko, Sisilia; Pasae, Yoel; Melawaty, Lydia
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sinergitas Multidisiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Vol 6 (2023): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sinergitas Multidisiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Joi
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan dan Research Indonesia (YAPRI)

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Abstrak Minyak goreng merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok manusia sebagai bahan pengolah makanan. Penggunaan minyak goreng secara berulang-ulang dan kontinyu pada proses penggorengan akan mengakibatkan terjadinya reaksi degradasi sehingga menurunkan kualitas minyak goreng Hal ini dikarenakan saat dipanaskan pada suhu tinggi disertai kontak dengan udara akan menyebabkan minyak mengalami perubahan kimia seperti proses hidrolisis, oksidasi, polimerisasi dan reaksi pencoklatan. Proses oksidasi dan polimerisasi dapat merusak sebagian vitamin dan asam lemak esensial yang terdapat dalah minyak sehingga dapat mengakibatkan keracunan dalam tubuh dan berbagai macam penyakit, seperti diare, pengendapan lemak dalam pembuluh darah dan kanker. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah Secara Bertahap Menggunakan Adsorben Arang Sekam Padi, Ampas Tebu, Dan Cangkang Telur sebagai bahan dasar pemurnian minyak jelantah dengan penambahan KOH. Sehingga minyak jelantah yang dihasilkan dapat dimanfaatkan kembali dan memenuhi standar SNI 01-3741:2013. Kadar bilangan peroksida terbaik setelah minyak jelantah diadsorpsi yaitu 8 mek/g dan 4 mek/g. hasil pemurnian tersebut memenuhi standar mutu minyak goreng menurut SNI-7709:2019 yaitu maksimal 10mek/g. Kadar asam lemak bebas terendah setelah minyak jelantah diadsorpsi secara bertahap pada adsorben arang sekam padi, ampas tebu dan cangkang telur pada waktu 2 jam yaitu 0,7%. Hasil pemurnian tersebut tidak memenuhi standar mutu minyak goreng menurut SNI-7709:2019. Karena angka asam lemak bebas didalam minyak berdasarkan standar mutu minyak goreng menurut SNI-7709:2019 maksimal sebesar 0,3%.. Kadar air terendah setelah minyak jelantah diadsorpsi sebanyak 0,12%, didapatkan kadar minyak terendah tidak memenuhi standar kadar air SNI-7709:2019 yaitu maksimal sebesar 0,1% Abstract Cooking oil is one of the basic human needs as a food processing ingredient. The use of cooking oil repeatedly and continuously in the frying process will result in a degradation reaction, thereby reducing the quality of the cooking oil. . Oxidation and polymerization processes can destroy some of the vitamins and essential fatty acids contained in the oil, which can lead to poisoning in the body and various diseases, such as diarrhea, deposition of fat in blood vessels and cancer. In this research, a gradual purification of used cooking oil has been carried out using rice husk charcoal, sugarcane bagasse and egg shells as the basic ingredients for refining used cooking oil with the addition of KOH. So that the cooking oil produced can be reused and meets SNI 01-3741:2013 standards. The best peroxide value levels after the used cooking oil was adsorbed were 8 mek/g and 4 mek/g. The refined product meets the cooking oil quality standard according to SNI-7709: 2019, which is a maximum of 10mek/g. The lowest free fatty acid content after used cooking oil was gradually adsorbed on rice husk charcoal, bagasse and eggshell adsorbents for 2 hours, namely 0.7%. The refining results do not meet the cooking oil quality standards according to SNI-7709:2019. Because the number of free fatty acids in the oil based on the quality standard of cooking oil according to SNI-7709: 2019 is a maximum of 0.3%. The lowest water content after the used cooking oil has been adsorbed is 0.12%, the lowest oil content does not meet the SNI- 7709:2019, which is a maximum of 0.1%.
Metode Elektrokoagulasi Untuk Pengolahan Limbah Cair Laboratorium Yang Mengandung Logam-Logam Berat Marthen Joning; Lydia Melawaty; Rosalia Sira Sarungallo
Paulus Chem Engineering Journal Vol 1 No 1 (2022): Vol.1 No.1 Juni 2022 Paulus Chemical Engineering Journal
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia

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In this research several variations of process variables such as pH, time and voltage were carried out to observe operating conditions that were more effective in reducing pollutants in wastewater. Before the electrocoagulation process was carried out the initial characterization of the waste using the ICP-OES analysis method and obtained the results of the initial concentration of pollutants such as TSS = 119 mg / L, Iron metal (Fe) = 24,453 mg / L, Copper (Cu) = 9,732 mg / L, Lead (Pb) = 0.309 mg / L and Selenium (Se) = 0.052 mg / L. The characterization of the wastewater pollutants does not meet the quality standards of liquid waste to be flowed to the environment based on Environmental Ministerial Regulation No. 05 of 2014. After going through the processing process by electrocoagulation method, pollutants of suspended solids and metals can be reduced in concentration to: TSS = 32 mg / L, ferrous metal (Fe) = 0.003 mg / L, Copper (Cu) = 0.074 mg / L, Lead (Pb) = 0.023 mg / L, and Selenium (Se) almost close to zero. Based on the data of pollutant concentrations in waste before and after the electrocoagulation process, it can be stated that the electrocoagulation method is effective in reducing Total Suspended Solid (TSS) pollutant levels by 73.12%, Iron (Fe) metals by 99.99%, Copper (Cu)) by 99.24%, Lead (Pb) by 92.56%, Selenium (Se) by 99.81%. The results were obtained under operating conditions at 10 volt voltage, 10 minutes time and pH 9. the electrocoagulation method produced the quality of wastewater that meets the requirements for drainage of the environment based on waste water quality standards according to the Environmental Ministerial Regulation No. 05 of 2014.
Pengaruh Variasi Volume Pelarut Heksan dan Waktu Ekstraksi Terhadap Lemak Kakao yang Dihasilkan Regina Resti Oktaviana; Lyse Bulo; Lydia Melawaty
Paulus Chem Engineering Journal Vol 1 No 1 (2022): Vol.1 No.1 Juni 2022 Paulus Chemical Engineering Journal
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia

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Cocoa beans (theobroma cacao) are Indonesian agricultural commodities that have high economic value. Cocoa fat is one of cocoa bean processed products that is useful for aromatization. One method of extraction cocoa fat is the method of maceration, which is a separation method used to remove one or several components of a solid or liquid with the help of a solvent. In this research, cocoa fat extraction process is done, which is done percentage analysis, saponification number and acid number from cocoa fat extraction result. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of process variables on cocoa fat content. Specifically include: (1) the effect of solvent volume on the amount of cocoa fat present, (2) to know the correlation of extraction time to the amount of cocoa fat produced. The results showed that the yield of cocoa fat was inversely proportional to the increase in the solvent volume variable (ml), and was directly proportional to the time of extraction (hours). The results showed that the highest percentage ofbrown oil of 18.12% was obtained from cocoa fat extraction using 200 ml hexane solvent for 6 hours yellow and solid and the aroma concentrated.
Pengaruh Berbagai Metode dan Jenis Kelapa Terhadap Kualitas Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Nikita Masirin; Maxie Djonny T.; Lydia Melawaty
Paulus Chem Engineering Journal Vol 1 No 1 (2023): Vol.1 No.1 Agustus 2023 Paulus Chem Engineering Journal
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia

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The purpose of this study was to study the effect of the method of making VCO and the type of coconut on the quality of VCO.The benefit of this research is to provide information to the community about various ways of making virgin coconut oil to see its influence with the type of coconut used on the quality of VCO produced, economical, functional and can increase the selling value of coconut products, especially virgin coconut oil (VCO). The method of making VCO consisted of enzymatic method, fermentation method, and acidification method with ordinary coconut and hybrid coconut. Determination of quantity includes calculation of volume, yield and density while determining the quality includes water content, acid number, and organoleptic test. The research result found that the method of making VCO and the type of coconut affected the quality of VCO.