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All Journal Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Conservative Dentistry Journal
Mandojo Rukmo
Department Of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty Of Dental MEdicene, Universitas Airlangga
Dentistry

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Journal : Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)

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The role of Hsp0, CD-8 and IFN-γ in immunopathobiogenesis of periapical granuloma in dental caries Risya Cilmiaty; Mandojo Rukmo
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 1 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (605.351 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i1.p7-12

Abstract

Background: The incidence of dental caries with periapical granulomas in Indonesia is quite high. However, the mechanism of the formation of periapical granulomas in dental caries caused by bacterial infection in immunopathobiogenesis cannot be explained completely. Thus, this explanation is necessary in order to be used as a basis for diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic measures. Purpose: This research was aimed to determine the role of Hsp60, CD-8 and IFN-γ in immunopatobiogenesis of periapical granuloma in dental caries. Methods: This research was an analytic observational study with cross sectional approach. Samples of this research were 36 teeth of patients with dental caries, consisting of 18 caries teeth with periapical granulomas and 18 caries teeth without periapical granulomas. The variables observed in this research were Hsp60, CD-8 and IFN-γ. Measurements were conducted by using immunohistochemical methods on periapical tissue. Results: The mean of Hsp60, CD-8 and IFN-γ in granuloma group was significantly higher than those in non granuloma group (p<0.05). The positive role of IFN-γ on the incidence of granulomas appeared to be more prominent. Conclusion: The study suggested that in immunopathobiogenesis of periapical granuloma in dental caries, Hsp60, CD-8 and IFN-γ played important roles, but the role of IFN-γ was found to be more prominent.Latar belakang: Angka kejadian gigi karies dengan granuloma periapikal di Indonesia cukup tinggi, Namun mekanisme terbentuknya granuloma periapikal pada gigi karies yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri secara imunopatobiogenesis belum dapat dijelaskan secara tuntas. Adanya penjelasan ini diperlukan agar dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengembangan diagnosis, langkah preventif dan terapinya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Hsp60, CD-8 dan IFN-γ dalam immunopatobiogenesis dari granuloma periapikal karies gigi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 36 gigi pasien dengan karies, yang terdiri dari 18 karies gigi dengan granuloma periapikal dan 18 karies gigi tanpa granuloma periapikal. Variabel yang diamati adalah Hsp60, CD-8 dan IFN-γ. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode imunohistokimia pada jaringan periapikal. Hasil: Rerata Hsp60, CD-8 dan IFN-γ pada kelompok granuloma secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok non granuloma (p <0,05). Peran positif dari IFN-γ terhadap kejadian granuloma tampaknya lebih menonjol. Simpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam imunopatobiogenesis dari granuloma periapikal karies gigi, Hsp60, CD-8 dan IFN-γ memainkan peran penting, tetapi peran IFN-γ ditemukan lebih menonjol.
Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis in dental caries with periapical granuloma Risya Cilmiaty; Afiono Agung Prasetyo; Khilyat Ulin Nur Zaini; Mandojo Rukmo; Suhartono Taat Putra; Widya Asmara
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 4 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (492.71 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i4.p213-217

Abstract

Background: Dental caries with necrotic pulp is a multifactorial disease that attacks enamel involving tooth pulp. The anaerobic bacteria infection in the pulp chamber could induce the formation of periapical granuloma. However, the presence of the most frequently anaerobic bacteria identified in apical periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, in periapical granuloma have not been confirmed. Purpose: The aims of study were to determine the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in dental caries with necrotic pulp and to determine its relation to periapical granuloma. Methods: Thirty-six patients of dental caries with necrotic pulp in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia were involved and classified into two groups, the group of patients with periapical granuloma and the group of patients without periapical granuloma. The caries tooth was extracted, and the chronic periapical tissue was swabbed and cultured on blood agar medium in anaerobic condition. The bacterial DNA was extracted from the positive cultures and subjected for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: Periapical granuloma was more likely found in women (OR 5.5, 95% CI=1.277-23.693; RR 2.5, 95% CI= 1.025-6.100). Black colonies bacteria were associated with periapical granuloma (OR 2.2, 95% CI=0.517-9.594; RR 1.5, 95% CI=0.655-3.623). Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia were detected in group with or without periapical granuloma, however, only Prevotella intermedia was associated with periapical granuloma (OR 1.6, 95% CI=0.418-5.903; RR 1.3, 95% CI=0.653-2.393). Conclusion: The presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in periapical granuloma were confirmed, however, only Prevotella intermedia were associated with periapical granuloma.Latar belakang: Karies gigi dengan pulpa nekrosis adalah penyakit multifaktorial yang menyerang enamel hingga ruang pulpa gigi. Infeksi bakteri anaerob di pulpa nekrosis dapat menginduksi pembentukan granuloma periapikal. Namun, keberadaan bakteri anaerob yang paling banyak ditemukan di periodontitis apikal, Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Prevotella intermedia, di granuloma periapikal masih perlu diteliti . Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti keberadaan bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Prevotella intermedia, di karies gigi dengan pulpa nekrosis dan menganalisis kaitannya dengan granuloma periapikal. Metode: Tiga puluh enam pasien karies gigi dengan pulpa nekrosis di Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Moewardi di Surakarta Indonesia dilibatkan dan diklasifikasikan dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok pasien dengan granuloma periapikal dan kelompok pasien tanpa granuloma periapikal. Gigi karies diekstraksi dan jaringan periapikal kronis diusap dan dikultur di media agar darah dalam kondisi anaerob. DNA bakteri diekstrak dari kultur yang positif dan dilakukan pemeriksaan dengan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Hasil: Granuloma periapikal lebih banyak ditemukan pada wanita (OR 5,5, 95% CI= 1,277-23,693; RR 2,5, 95% CI= 1,025-6,100). Koloni bakteri berwarna hitam diasosiasikan dengan granuloma periapikal (OR 2,2, 95% CI= 0,517-9,594; RR 1,5, 95% CI= 0,655-3,623). Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Prevotella intermedia terdeteksi di jaringan karies dental dengan atau tanpa granuloma periapikal, namun hanya Prevotella intermedia yang diasosiasikan dengan granuloma periapikal (OR 1,6, 95% CI= 0,418-5,903; RR 1,3, 95% CI= 0,653-2,393). Simpulan: Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Prevotella intermedia ditemukan di granuloma periapikal, namun hanya Prevotella intermedia yang terkait langsung dengan granuloma periapikal.
The effect of nickel as a nickel chromium restoration corrosion product on gingival fibroblast through analysis of BCl-2 FX Ady Soesetijo; Mandojo Rukmo
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 4 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (846.239 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v45.i4.p202-207

Abstract

Background: Restoration of NiCr may undergo corrosion process in artificial saliva. Corrosion product is soluble Ni substances in salivary electrolytes. Ni2+ may freely enter the cells through passive transport DMT-1. Ni2+ in the cell causes initiation of the ROS formation,which subsequently can conduct the redoxs reactions leading to DNA damage. The damage DNA affects the genetic expression, especially bcl-2, and even triggers apoptosis. Purpose: The aim of this study was to reveal the mechanism of Ni toxicity as a corrosion product of NiCr restoration on gingival fibroblasts through expression analysis of Bcl-2. Methods: Cells with a density of 105 planted on each coverslip in 72 wells to the treatment group and 24 wells to the control group (24 hours incubation). In the treatment groups, each well exposed with 20 μL artificial saliva containing Ni concentration results immerse each restoration, whereas the control group was exposed to 20 μL artificial saliva (incubation 1, 3, and 7 days). The data collected were subsequently analyzed using two-ways ANOVA, followed by one-way ANOVA. Comparing between experimental groups after one-way ANOVA was conducted using Fisher’s LSD. Whereas, the calculation and documentation of Bcl-2 expression was performed camera of Olympus Microscope BX-50 Japan. Results: Statistical analysis of two-ways ANOVA showed the presence of interaction between the increasing Ni concentration and exposure duration on the expression of Bcl-2 gingival fibroblasts (p=0.021<a=0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the higher concentration of Ni exposed to gingival fibroblasts, and the longer incubation time will decreased Bcl-2 expression.Latar belakang: Restorasi NiCr dapat mengalami proses korosi di dalam saliva artificial. Produk korosi yang dihasilkan adalah substansi Ni yang terlarut di dalam elektrolit saliva. Ni2+ bebas dapat memasuki sel (fibroblas gingiva) melalui transport pasif DMT-1. Ni2+ di dalam sel menginisiasi pembentukan ROS, yang selanjutnya dapat menjalankan reaksi redoks dan dapat menimbulkan kerusakan DNA. DNA yang rusak mempengaruhi ekspresi genetik, terutama Bcl-2 dan bahkan dapat memicu apoptosis. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap mekanisme toksisitas Ni sebagai suatu produk korosi restorasi NiCr pada fibroblas gingiva melalui analisis ekspresi Bcl-2. Metode: Sel dengan kepadatan 105 ditanam pada tiap-tiap coverslip di dalam 72 well untuk kelompok perlakuan dan ditanam pada tiap-tiap coverslip di dalam 24 well untuk kelompok kontrol (inkubasi selama 24 jam). Pada kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing well dipapar dengan 20 μL saliva artificial yang mengandung konsentrasi Ni hasil perendaman tiap-tiap restorasi, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol dipapar 20 μL saliva artificial (inkubasi 1,3 dan 7 hari). Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dua arah dan ANOVA satu arah. Perbandingan antar kelompok eksperimental setelah analisis ANOVA satu arah menggunakan uji Fisher’s LSD. Penghitungan jumlah sel yang mengekspresikan Bcl-2, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan dokumentasi dengan menggunakan kamera Olympus Microscope BX-50 Japan. Hasil: Analisis statistik ANOVA dua arah menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara peningkatan konsentrasi Ni dan lama paparan terhadap ekspresi Bcl-2 fibroblas gingiva > (p = 0,021 < á = 0,05). Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi paparan Ni pada fibroblas gingiva dan semakin lama masa inkubasi, maka akan menurunkan ekspresi Bcl-2.
The expression of nuclear factor of activated T cell c1 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β induced by Enterococcus faecalis in osteoclastogenesis (laboratory experiment on Wistar rats) Nirawati Pribadi; Rosita Rahmawati; Mandojo Rukmo; Adelina Kristanti Tandadjaja; Hendy Jaya Kurniawan; Ratna Puspita Hadi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 52 No. 4 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v52.i4.p172-176

Abstract

Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is the most common bacteria species in persistent endodontic infection of teeth undergoing root canal treatment at a prevalence of 38%. The virulence factor of this bacterium is Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) which can be recognized by Toll-like receptors-4 (TLR-4) that produce a stimulus and provoke an immune response. Inflammation results in bone defects that feature multiple cytokines and interactions between different cell types. Bone loss within a periapical tooth is characterized by osteoclast formation (osteoclastogenesis) in the bone. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cell c1 (NFATc1) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β (RANK) which played a role in osteoclastogenesis at different time intervals. Methods: 36 upper molar teeth of the research subjects were induced with 106 CFU Enterococcus faecalis and subsequently observed for 7 and 21 days with the NFATc1 and RANK being counted microscopically at 1000X magnification across 20 viewing fields. Thereafter, the data was examined and analyzed by means of an independent T test using SPSS. Results: NFATc1 and RANK expression were higher in the group including E. faecalis on days 7 and 21 than in the control group. There were significant differences between the treatment group and control group with regard to NFATc1 and RANK expression (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study showed that the expression of NFATc1 and RANK, which plays a role in osteoclastogenesis, was higher in periapical bone defects in Wistar rats induced by E. faecalis than those which were not induced.
Contrasting efficacy of cocoa POD HUSK extract and 8% propolis extract in maintaining of root canal wall cleanliness Tamara Yuanita; Uli Sasi Andari; Mandojo Rukmo; S. Sukaton; Deavita Dinari
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 52 No. 3 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v52.i3.p159-162

Abstract

Background: The existence of the smear layer, which can be produced during root canal instrumentation, may compromise the bond between filling material and the root canal walls. Therefore, the use of an effective root canal irrigation solution, a commonly employed form of which is sodium hypochloride (NaOCl), is important. Sodium hypochloride has several positive properties including effectiveness as a disinfectant agent and its ability to promote tissue-dissolution, although it is ineffective at cleaning the smear layer. There have been numerous recent studies of the application of phytomedicines in endodontics due to their advantages such as minimum toxicity and cost effectiveness. The saponin contained in both the propolis and cocoa pod husk acts as a surfactant that may lower surface tension and dissolve debris containing organic and anorganic materials. Purpose: The study aimed to provide evidence of the differences between root canal wall cleanliness when treated with 8% propolis extract and different concentrations of cocoa pod husk extract. Methods: 25 extracted teeth with single straight root canals were randomly divided into five categories (n=5). Sample preparation was performed using a rotary file and irrigated with different solutions. The first group was administered 2.5% NaOCl, the second group 8% propolis, the third group 3.12% cocoa pod husk extract, the fourth group 6.25% cocoa pod husk extract, and the fifth group 12.50% cocoa pod husk extract. The samples were then dissected into two sections at the apical third and their cleanliness scores subjected to a Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of p=0.05. Results: A significant difference was identified between all groups (p<0.05) and on the median control test, the highest value of 1.6 was recorded by the 6.25% cocoa pod husk extract, compared to the other four groups Conclusion: Cocoa pod husk extract demonstrates greater efficacy at cleaning root canal walls compared to 8% propolis extract.
Co-Authors Adelina Kristanti Tandadjaja Afiono Agung Prasetyo Aprillia Sonya Federika Belinda Belinda Meilani Perdana Putri Deavita Dinari Devi Eka Juniarti Edhie Arief Prasetyo Edhie Arif Prasetyo Elisa Kusuma Wardani FX Ady Soesetijo, FX Ady Hendy Jaya Kurniawan Khilyat Ulin Nur Zaini Nirawati Pribadi Qurni Restiani Randy Carlos Sietho Ratna Puspita Hadi Risya Cilmiaty Risya Cilmiaty Rosita Rahmawati Sepdhyo Wahyu Nugroho Setyabudi Setyabudi Suhartono Taat Putra Sukaton, Sukaton Tamara Yuanita Uli Sasi Andari Widya Asmara